单选题A performance evaluation ______

单选题WhenHayashibaratookoverthecompanyinthe1950's,

单选题A The survey, of 265 senior HR professionals and more than 1, 000 employees, also found that employers were taking a more strategic approach. Rather than relying on one online method of attracting and finding staff, companies are using a number of techniques—87 percent of those using corporate websites also use job boards, while 56 percent of respondents reported using more than three online options at the same time. Research conducted last year by Brooklands, a provider of integrated HR solutions, reveals that companies with fast recruitment processes have a definite advantage in the online war for talent. B Nearly three-quarters of recruiters also reported wasting time interviewing unsuitable candidates, although this is something that can be addressed by the use of online tests, which sift out unsuitable candidates before face-to-face interviews take place. ''The aim is not so much to filter people out,'' says Trevor Bond, Siemens'' UK project management champion, ''but to get as much information as possible on the individuals before they get to interview stage.'' C JD Wetherspoon''s online recruitment process for shift and kitchen managers, designed in conjunction with Changeworknow, combines relationships. ''The online application form looks formal,'' admits senior recruitment and training manager Paula Goodwin. ''But the system is quite informal, on the whole. It''s chatty and upbeat, and candidates get a few quirky comments from the system as they go along. That makes the experience fun.'' D Job boards do not create more candidates; they simply provide another channel through which they can be contacted. To survive, therefore, they have to deliver value above other channels. Another area where job boards are making their mark is in the provision of candidate pools. Website visitors will not always be-searching for work, but they may still register their CVs on the off chance that their dream job will come along. ''We have got a database of 1.3 million passive jobseekers,'' says Keith Potts, managing director of Jobsite.co.uk. ''It''s become a shop window for employees—a place where anyone can get headhunted.'' E Richard Alberge, chief executive of PSL, believes there is an evolution taking place in online recruitment. ''It''s not only about job boards and testing. It''s about how technology can make a difference, '' he says. He recognized there is still potential for growth among job boards. But he is also aware that some areas of Internet activity, including social networking sites such as Friends Reunited, Yahoo groups and even eBay communities, have yet to make their mark on the recruitment arena. These online communities could prove a better resource for candidates than any number of CV databases. 0. It is believed that online recruitment is developing. (E)

单选题Function and Purpose of Stock Markets The stock market is one of the most important (21) ... for companies to raise money. This allows businesses to be publicly (22) or raise additional financial capital for expansion by selling shares of ownership of the company in a public market. The (23) ... that an exchange provides affords investors the ability to quickly and easily sell securities. This is an attractive feature of (24) ... in stocks. Exchanges also act as the (25) ... for each transaction, meaning that they collect and deliver the shares, and guarantee payment to the seller of a security. This eliminates the risk to an individual buyer or seller that the counterparty could (26) ... on the transaction. The smooth functioning of all these activities facilitates economic growth in that lower costs. In this way the financial system is assumed to contribute to increased prosperity. History has shown that the price of shares and other (27) ... is an important part of the dynamics of economic activity, and can influence or be an indicator of social mood. An economy where the stock market is on the rise is considered to be an up-and-coming economy. In fact, the stock market is often considered the primary indicator of a country's economic strength and development. (28) ... share prices, for instance, tend to be associated with increased business investment and vice versa. Share prices also affect the wealth of households and their consumption. (29) central banks tend to keep an eye on the control and behavior of the stock market and, in (30) on the smooth operation of financial system functions.

单选题Why is it difficult for public policy to improve the market outcome?

单选题Human resources planning includes all of the following tasks except ______

单选题______，policymakers may decide it is better to live with the inefficiency of monopolistic pricing.

单选题

单选题Some people believe that you have to be a special kind of person to sell a product. But Though it is clear that a successful sales rep does need special talents and an outgoing personality, many of the skills he uses are used by us all; we build and (21) relationships with different kinds of people, we listen to and take note of what they tell us and don't just enjoy the sound of our own voices and we explain things to them and discuss ideas with them. A firm may depend on their own sales team or on the salesmanship of their distributors, wholesalers or retailers. (22) any company needs to establish a personal relationship with its major clients ("key accounts") and potential customers ("prospects"). It is often said that "people do business with people", a firm doesn't just deal impersonally (23) another firm, but a person in the buying department receives personal visits from people representing the firm's suppliers on a regular basis, or in the case of department stores (24) chain stores, a team of buyers may travel around visiting suppliers. Keeping sales people "on the road" is much more expensive (25) employing them to work in the office and much of their time is spent unproductively traveling. Telephone selling may use this time more productively (though in some countries this is illegal), but a face-to-face meeting and discussion is much more effective. Companies involved in the export trade often have a separate export sales force, (26) travel and accommodation expenses may be very high. Servicing overseas customers may consequently often be done (27) phone, telex or letter, and personal visits may be infrequent. Many firms appoint an overseas agent or distributor whose own sales force takes (28) responsibility for selling their products in another country. A sales department consists of many people who are based (29) different parts of the country or the world, who don't have the day-to-day contact and opportunities for communicating with each other that office-based staff have. (30) this reason, firms hold regular sales conferences where their entire sales force can meet, receive information and ask questions about new products and receive training.

单选题{{B}}How to approach Listening Test Part Three{{/B}} · In this part of the Listening Test you listen to a long conversation or interview and answer eight questions. · Before you listen, read the questions. Think what the recording will be about. · Note all possible answers as you listen for the first time. Do not make an immediate decision. Do not worry if you do not know the answers. You will hear the recording a second time. · Listen for overall meaning. Do not choose an answer just because you hear the same words in the recording as in the question. · Decide on your final answer only after you have listened for the second time. · You will hear a radio interview with Carolyn Whitcombe about the business consultancy which she runs. · For each question 23 - 30, mark one letter A, B or C for the correct answer. · You will hear the recording twice.

单选题The Present Recession Affects Women More Than Men If men were the first to lose their jobs in the heart of the economic crisis in the United States, a study now shows a trend, women, (21) mothers today, are suffering the collateral effects, while the American economy is back on the road to growth. According to a report by the Joint Economic Committee of American Congress, American men were the most affected at the beginning of the crisis as over- (22) in most key sectors such as building and industry. Today, they are finding jobs, unlike women and especially single mothers. Between October 2009 and March 2010, women have lost 22,000 jobs while men have found 260,000 jobs, a (23) by that Committee. According to the chairwoman of this Committee, Democrat Carolyn Maloney, the conclusions of the survey show that single women were particularly affected, with an (24) rate that (25) from 8 percent to 13.6 percent between the year 2007 to 2009. (26) one third of jobs destroyed during the current recession were (27) by women, said Ms. Maloney. For example, it was discovered that during (28) recessions, this percentage was lower: Women have been affected by 15 percent of job losses during the recession of 2001. While women are losing more jobs, their families are more (29) on women incomes, said Carolyn Maloney. In 2009, 3.3 million women worked part time for (30) reasons, the report said. Either because they had not found a full-time employment or their working hours had been reduced to part time. So let's all hope that this trend will change soon and that the economy gets better soon in America for women as well as for men.

单选题Mergers and Acquisitions Mergers and Acquisitions refers to the aspect of corporate strategy, corporate finance and management dealing with the buying, selling and combining of different companies that can aid, finance, or help a growing company in a given industry grow (21) without having to create another business entity. In business or economics a merger is a (22) of two companies into one larger company. Such actions are commonly (23) and involve stock swap or cash payment to the target. Stock swap is often used as it allows the shareholders of the two companies to (24) the risk involved in the deal. A merger can resemble a takeover but result (25) a new company name and in new branding; in some cases, (26) the combination a "merger" rather than an acquisition is done purely for political or marketing reasons. An acquisition, also known as a takeover or a buyout, is the buying of one company by another. An acquisition may be friendly or hostile. In the (27) case, the companies cooperate in negotiations; in the latter case, the takeover target is (28) to be bought or the target's board has no prior knowledge of the offer. Acquisition usually refers to a purchase of a smaller firm by a larger one. Sometimes, (29) a smaller firm will acquire management control of a larger or longer established company and keep its name for the combined entity. The acquisition process is very complex, with many dimensions influencing its (30) .

单选题· For each question 23-30, mark one letter A, B or C for the correct answer.

单选题Which of the following situations is a thoughtful, considered first move?

单选题George Kamp is the kind of tough English northerner who runs things his own way. Contrary to what is normal in big corporations today, his company has no remuneration committee, it is short on part-time directors and it has no qualms about employing family members. Mr. Kamp is chairman and chief executive of the engineering firm William Kamp, which has been a family business since the middle of the last century. Until a week ago none of this would have made the headlines. But a rival engineering company has changed this with its ￡58 million hostile takeover bid, putting Kamp's management style in the spotlight. Kamp is a fighter: "All my career, I've battled. I've had to battle with customers and suppliers and management." This will certainly not be his first fight. In 1980, when borrowing money was costing more than 20 per cent, his father was in favour of closing the business. George was not; he forced his father off the board of directors and saved the company. He says, "A difference of views arose. I said the company could either be run by me, or by him, but I couldn't stay there and implement his policy. There was a board meeting and he was persuaded to withdraw." He says his toughest battle was not taking on his father, but forcing his 160-strong workforce to accept automation at the factory in 1982. "I was really in a difficult position then. The management were against me, the men were against me. The change meant they would have to work a lot harder. I got them all together, and I just said, "We've got to make this work-it's all our livelihoods at stake. "I was determined to make this business work to save the British steel foundry industry." He won that battle, too. Rationalizations, cost-cutting, and a string of 14 acquisitions followed, and the loss-making family business became a recognized leader in the steel castings industry. Kamp makes running William Kamp sound like a military operation, and there is something in his clipped language which is irresistibly reminiscent of the army. His management style is unashamedly autocratic. "I have a very loyal team, and, yes, they have to work hard but they like it," he says. But unusually for a publicly quoted company, his loyal staff include his wife, Ellen, a lawyer who works as a consultant for the company. "I'm not frightened of having to justify this," he says. The shareholders are getting a good deal out of his wife, he reckons, as the company would probably have to pay double for the same services from any other consultant. Kamp robustly defends his own pay and the generous terms of his contract. He reckons he is worth it. "There is a ￡5 million 'key man' insurance policy on me, and some of our banking arrangements are dependent on me staying with the company. So the outside world reckons I'm fairly important-that isn't just my opinion." He describes himself as being like the captain of a ship, and he has a firm belief in experience rather than management theory. "You've got to learn your management skills by practical experience; otherwise you confuse delegating with passing the buck and you don't know when people are talking rubbish. I have the strength to fight off this takeover bid. For me it's war. I am autocratic, because that's how you win. When you cut out all the emotion, it's down to money. William Kamp is worth much more than this most inferior rival company has suggested. And I know I will be able to convince the shareholders of this./

单选题The Importance of Appraising Employee Performance in Downsized Organisation The experts call it"ghost work"：it's what's left for the survivors to do when layoffs have cut an organisation's staff to a bare-bones minimum．Work that still has to get done is reassigned to people who may not have the skills-and certainly don't have the time- to do it．The strain of"ghost work，"the specter of more downsizing and restructuring， the disappointing news that raises and bonuses have been reduced or eliminated this year- they all can combine to make performance-appraisal season particularly stressful for employees and managers alike． But even though managers may be tempted to avoid performance appraisals，it's no time to back away．Done right，performance appraisals can give employees a better understanding of the new and different demands of their jobs in the context of the company's changing needs．Don't duck the tough issues，say the experts，but don't overlook the opportunity to emphasise the future，either．The performance appraisal is a great opportunity to emphasise that employees have a stake in reengineering work processes and helping the company stay competitive in tough times． "It's important in the appraisal process that we let employees know that our dreams for them and for the company aren't being abandoned；rather，they are being postponed until the company finds a way to adapt to the new circumstances it faces，" says Dale Furtwengler，author of The 10-Minure Guide to Performance Appraisals (Macmillan，2000)and president of the St．Louis-based consulting firm Furtwengler & Associates． "That way"，he says，"we can refocus their talents and energy toward finding solutions．" No matter what challenges confront the company or the business unit，a manager must avoid the temptation to give all her reports a good review．Malachi O'Connor， vice president of the Centre for Applied Research(CFAR)，a management consulting firm with offices in Philadelphia and Boston， believes that managers who give all their reports positive reviews just to avoid trouble are in fact creating it for themselves．Especially if the unit's results are average or worse， others in the company will know not to trust the consistently good assessments that manager gives． "We know many cases where the evaluations in a person's file are filled with‘exceeds expectations，’but they're not being promoted． It's because of the more realistic conversation about that person that takes place outside of the evaluations，"0'Connor says．"That does a disservice to everyone，especially the people not getting the feedback they deserve．" Performance appraisals can strengthen the organisation．In a downturn，employees'concern about their own performance is greater than ever，even among the star performers，says Lila Booth，a Philadelphia-area management consultant．In the face of silence about performance，she warns，people are apt to think，"I'm next in line for the ax．"Employees need ongoing feedback on performance and on the financial state of the company，she says，to avoid"the fear and fury"such anxiety can cause． Patty Hargrave，a human resources specialist at Administaff，in Kennesaw，Georgia， agrees．"Especially now during this economic crisis，businesses are scrutinizing what is important and what is not，"she writes in a recent blog post．And， while companies may want to weigh the costs versus the benefits of employee performance appraisals，"when appraisals are done correctly-meaning fairly and consistently and for the right reasons the benefits can be well worth the efforts．"Hargrave stresses the importance of keeping the appraisal a two-way conversation．"Employees need to be considered as equal participants in the process，and managers need to place an emphasis on coaching or counseling in order to inspire improvements．/

单选题 Business communicationOne of the most important features in any business is communication. Good communications are required at all stages of the business process. Businesses employ, and are owned and run by, various groups of people. Workers, directors and shareholders are three important groups closely (21) with a business. Other influential groups include customers, suppliers and the government.Communication (22) between these groups and the individuals who make up the groups. Within (23) companies internal communications occur at, and between the various levels. Directors communicate with one another concerning the company's overall strategy. They (24) managers of their plans, and the managers then communicate with the other employees (25) are conducted concerning pay and working conditions. Managers communicate decisions and orders and try to (26) morale and motivation through good communication. Employees (27) communicate with each other, for example over production and wages.External communication occurs when a company's directors or employees communicate with those individuals and groups who (28) with the company. Shareholders receive copies of the company's annual accounts, together with the (29) of the Chairman and Directors. Government departments require statistical and financial information from the company. An advertising agency is (30) about the company's advertising policies. Customers need to know if goods have not been despatched and suppliers contacted if their goods have not been delivered. Reliable and effective communication is one of the key elements which leads to efficient management of a company.