It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses them that( )him a scientist.

Is Halloween celebrated where you live? In the United States and Canada, Halloween is widely known and celebrated every year on October 31. Halloween customs, though, can be found in many other parts of the globe. In some places holidays are celebrated that, although named differently, share similar themes: contact with the spirit world involving the spirits of the dead, the devil and angels. Personally, you may not believe in supernatural spirits. You might simply view taking part in Halloween and similar celebrations as a way to have fun and teach your children to explore their imagination. Many people, though, regard these celebrations as harmful for the following reasons:Firstly,Halloween is actually related to the prospect of contact with spiritual forces, many of which threaten or frighten. Likewise, many celebrations like Halloween have religious origins and are deeply rooted in ancestor worship(祖先崇拜). Even today, people around the world use these days to make contact with supposed spirits of the dead. Secondly, although Halloween has been viewed mainly as an American holiday, each year people in more and more countries have been adopting it. Many newcomers to the celebration, however, are unaware of the religious origins of Halloween symbols, decorations, and customs, most of which are related to supernatural beings and supernatural forces. Thirdly, thousands of people, who follow ancient Celts(凯尔特人), still call Halloween by the ancient name Samhain and consider it to be the most sacred night of the year. Others don't realize it, while they're celebrating the Celtic holiday. In view of the foregoing, it is wise for you to know about the dark origins of Halloween and similar celebrations. Having this fuller understanding may help you decide whether to participate in these holidays.

In leading stories we anticipate what is to come______on our memory of what has gone before.

He got a job so that he could be independent______his parents.

______, we decided to leave at once, as we didn't want to risk missing the bus.

Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, ______, of course, made the others jealous.

In 1984, President Ronald Reagan proposed that the United States ______ a launch laboratory for a new era of space exploration.

It is an unfortunate fact of today's life that most people are growing up unable to see the stars. The prime night sky exists only【C1】______pictures. This is true not only in cities and suburbs, but also in rural areas. We have lost our view of the stars and【C2】______Our nighttime environment as well. Such a loss might be acceptable if light pollution were the inevitable price of progress, 【C3】______it is not. Most sky glow is unnecessary. It comes mainly from lighting sources that do little to increase【C4】______safety, security or utility. They produce only glare, costing Over one billion dollars annually in the U.S. alone. 【C5】______science, the impact has been even more dramatic. Scientists require observations of extremely faint objects that can only be made with advanced devices at sites【C6】______of air pollution and urban sky glow. For example, some images of the objects can offer information about faraway corners of the universe, helping us understand the way in【C7】______our world was actually formed. Therefore, the light from these objects can be lost at the very end of its【C8】______in the glare of our own sky. Reducing light pollution is not difficult. It requires that public officials and citizens be【C9】______of the problem and act to counter it. As individuals, people can help reduce sky glow just by【C10】______lighting only when necessary. The stars above us are a priceless heritage. We must do our best to preserve it.

我不能去聚会，因为要准备考试。

I don't like to disturb you, because you're quite tired______today.

______ a good thing they didn't catch you.

他们正在打篮球。

The car was repaired but not quite to my______.

In some cities, workaholism(废寝忘食工作)is so common that people don't consider it unusual. They accept the lifestyle as【C1】______Government workers in Washington, D. C. , for example, frequently work sixty to seventy hours a week. They don't do this because they have to : they do it because they【C2】______to. Workaholism can be a【C3】______problem. Because true workaholics would rather work than do anything else, they probably have no idea of how to relax. Most of all, they【C4】______to sit and do nothing. The lives of workaholics are usually stressful, and this tension(紧张)and worry can cause【C5】______problems such as heart attacks and stomach diseases. 【C6】______, typical workaholics don't pay much attention to their families. Their marriages may end in【C7】______as they spend little time with their families. Is workaholism【C8】______dangerous? Perhaps not. There are, certainly, people who work【C9】______under stress. Some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest in work. They feel work is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy. For most workaholics, work and entertainment are the same thing. Their jobs【C10】______them with a challenge: this keeps them busy and creative.

{{B}}Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.{{/B}}

这家公司成立于1970年。

John, ______the bet, had to pay for the dinner.

The question was______the electrical equipment should be installed.

Before her marriage, she spent a considerable time in that very part of Shanghai, ______she belonged.

Suicide has been a cause of concern in most societies for a long time. The classical Greeks, for example, required people who wanted to kill themselves to get permission from the senate. While this law is not without humor by today's standards, it clearly shows an awareness of the problem in times gone by. In today's society, suicide is much more prevalent than we want to admit. Why do people try to take their own lives? The motives for suicide can be categorized into areas such as a failure, wrath(暴怒), the need for attention, stress, and so on. However, the qualities of a person who wants to take his own life change from person to person, making it difficult to depict(描写)the typical victim. To make the problem even more confusing, people will often camouflage(掩盖)their true feelings, thus causing their friends to disregard problems that should be viewed as serious. In theUnited States, a network of centers has been created to attempt to prevent suicides. People who are bitter, worded, or depressed are encouraged to contact workers at these centers. These workers, often trained volunteers, offer benevolent advice to the callers, trying to help the callers to see that suicide as a solutions to problems is an illusion. The accomplishments of these centers, insofar(到这个程度)as their effectiveness to reduce suicide is concerned, are minimal However, they have helped a lot of people with a wide variety of problems. So, in the somewhat amorphous(难以名状的)area of man helping his fellow man, they are certainly a success.