When foreigners are sometimes asked what seems most strange about American society, somewhere on the top of the list will be the fact the average citizen is allowed to possess guns. Although it is true that many people carry guns legally in the United States, it is also known that many who possess guns carry illegally. Others, who don't have guns, feel that guns can be acquired quite easily. A recent survey indicated that many high school students, especially in the inner cities, can acquire gun with little difficulty. Although most people would never want to own a gun, others have taken up hunting as a sport and enjoy hunting wild game in season. Hunting for deer and duck in fall and winter is very much a part of the American culture. Also, some farmers in rural areas who raise cattle and sheep feel they need to protect their animals against wolves that attack their herds and flocks at night. To defend and support their rights to possess firearms the National Rifle Association (NRA) was founded in 1871. The main importance of this organization has been its efforts to prevent strict gun control legislation. The NRA has great political support in small towns and rural areas, especially in the West and the South, where hunting is especially popular. Those who favor the right to possess guns insist that the Constitution provides the right of people "to keep and bear arms". They believe that gun control laws will not solve the problem of crime and violence in America. Recent events in America, however, have shown that the question of gun possession is now out of control and strong voices have called for immediate action to be taken. In seemingly peaceful schools students have gone into classrooms and opened fire upon their classmates. America has been shocked by such incidents which seem to occur with greater frequency. The periodic deaths of innocent citizens and even foreign visitors from guns have forced legislators to pass laws to stop these senseless killings. The day may not be far off when America will be transformed from a gun culture to one which controls their use and possession.

In managing information resources, the medium may be the key to an effective system. The medium is a vehicle, a tool, or a container for holding information; the information itself is the thing of value. Three popular categories of information media are paper, film, and electronic storage devices. The media choice must not be viewed as a choice among these three, however, it must be viewed as an opportunity to select from a multitude of media possibilities in combinations that build effective systems. In many instances the person responsible for information-resource management is not the person who determines the medium in which information will be created, in such a case, the manager of a firm's information resources faces a challenge in making a significant contribution to the organization's objectives. For effective management of information resources, media conversion may be necessary. Examples include keying or scanning paper documents to convert them to electronic media. Other processes convert electronic media from one format to another. For example, disk files created on one system may not be compatible with another system. Various hardware and software combinations can be used to convert files to formats that equipment will accept. For information generated within organizations, this necessity of making systems compatible may be eliminated by cooperative planning. However, very little control can be exercised over the media used to generate information that comes to your organization from the outside. The medium for information may be selected to satisfy a need that exists when information is created and communicated. For example, a paper record may be created because of its portability and because no special equipment is necessary for later references to that information; electronic transmission may be selected because it is the fastest means of communicating information. A firm may use electronic mail because a network already exists for on-line computer communication. The additional application may cost less than postage to mail paper memos.

A. That sounds very mechanical.B. Ah, "body language" is really important, isn't it?C. I've never thought about that before.D. You really need to get off to a good start.Fay: Hi, Jerry. I'm thinking of applying for a job with an international company, but I'm worried a-bout having an interview. Can you give me any good tips?Jerry: Hmmm. That's a tough one. I guess the first thing is to try to make a good impression. We often say, "You never get a second chance to make a first impression.【D7】______Fay: That sounds like a good advice. How do I make a good first impression?Jerry: To begin with, you should firmly shake the interviewer's hand while greeting him or her with a smile. Be sure to keep eye contact, especially, when listening to the interviewer.Fay:【D8】______Jerry: Yes, it is. The second thing is to have confidence. You get confidence from being prepared. You should learn something about the company before the interview. Find out what they do, how long they've been in business, what their business motto is, that kind of things. You should also anticipate possible questions, and think about how you will answer.Fay: Should I memorize my answers beforehand?Jerry: No! Definitely not!【D9】______You should be natural when you speak. Just think about how you want to answer, and choose the right words at the time of the interview. That way, you can use the interviewer's own words in your answer, which shows you've been listening. Then you're sure to make a good impression.Fay: That's very helpful.【D10】______. Thanks so much, Jerry.

Science is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second-class citizens. As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separations. When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate(lesser)food reward for a slightly later(and better)one. Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friends die. Pigs respond meaningfully to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignores the X carriers in favor of the O's. Then the team switched from real-life objects to a T-shirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs ventured only toward the O-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not-inconsiderable feat of reasoning. Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, cetaceans(鲸目动物)too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions. Long-term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a perspective shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedures in laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks. Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chicken, pigs, goats, and cows, I started to wonder: Will the new science of "food animals" bring an ethical revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will the breadth of our ethic start to catch up with the breadth of our science? Animals activists are already there, of course, committed to not eating these animals. But what about the rest of us? Can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to make change in who we eat?

The racial interpretation of history and the fascist contempt for democracy lured Germany into war against Communist and democracy.

【T9】

Many other criminologists blame political expediency and the need in recent years for all politicians to act tough on the issue of crime.

Today black children in south Africa are still reluctant to study subjects from which they were effectively barred for so long.

By advocating moderate change, they think that they can keep consumer costs low.

pitch in agenda recycledA. a greater demand for the【T1】______ materialsB. seems to be on the【T2】______C. feels moved to【T3】______ and help We hear it a lot in the news these days: "Recycle newspapers and save a tree. Collect bottles and cans so they can be reused in the manufacturing of new products. " Protecting our delicate environment【T4】______ of politicians, government leaders, and citizens in many parts of the world to show support for mother Nature. The concept of green consumerism has gained momentum more and more over the last decade, and the public【T5】______ However, three essential keys needed power this movement include a more informed public, the development of improved technology, and【T6】______ .

A luxury express train jumped the tracks on a bridge in eastern India, killing at least 50 on the spot. According to the Northern Railway spokesman, the death________is expected to rise.

In this part，you are to write an essay of about 150 words on the topic“Recreations”．You should base your essay on the following outline： 1．消遣对于每个人来说都很必要 2．怎样消遣 3．过度消遣所带来的弊端

A. I believe it will certainly benefit both of usB. you should make readjustment, replacement or withdrawal of the goods in questionC. As our consignee, you'll certainly make beautiful profitsD. your products will be well received in our marketA: Mr. Zhang, how's the business going in Shanghai?B: Generally speaking, business is going well. We have studied your catalogues and price lists and found that【D7】______ , so we've got more confidence to be your consignee in Shanghai.A: Our cosmetics, toiletries and other products are very popular in other parts of China. More and more Chinese women are fond of our products. You know, some of them are particularly produced for oriental women.【D8】______ . Well, Mr. Zhang, shall we move to the next point, the terms of consignment?B: Okay. Let's start with the "period of time", shall we?A: Good. Usually, the similar contracts signed with other consignees are based on 12 months. Why not follow the suit? I suggest the sales commence on or about May 1st, 2008 and continue through April 30th, 2009. Now, we're in February. There're still more than two months before May 1st. We've got enough time to make all necessary preparations.B: I suggest that after starting the operation we two sides meet around July 15 to decide on acceptable sales for the remainder of the consignment period.【D9】______ .A: Good idea, Mr. Zhang! You'd guarantee that our products will, by then, be displayed and sold in all big hotels, large malls in Shanghai. B: So long as your products arrive here before April 15th, 2007, we'll be able to manage all the sales to your entire satisfaction. A: During the consignment period, if you wish to increase the quantity of salable items, we shall cooperate on this matter through best efforts.B: For those articles which can not be sold,【D10】______ .A: Of course.B: That sounds good.A: The goods will be delivered from Beijing where we've rented a warehouse, say, by trucks; it's more convenient than by train. B: The insurance, no matter what it is, should be covered by your party. A: Of course, Mr. Zhang. It's a common practice, isn't it?

The chimney vomited a cloud of smoke.

Youaretowriteinnolessthan150wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Inyouressay,youshould1.Describethecartoonbriefly,2.Interpretthesocialphenomenonreflectedbythecartoon,and3.Giveyourpointofview.

{{B}}Part V Text CompletionDirections: In this part there are three short texts.For each text,you should first fill in the blanks in the choices A,B,C (and D) with the best answer provided in the rectangle.Then,complete the text itself by filling in each of the blanks with the completed A,B,C (or D).Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.{{/B}}

A. Thanks, Rachel.B. That's what we did.C. We were all talking about some TV shows.D. it's a real honor to have you here.Maddow: Joining us for the interview is Hillary Clinton, former secretary of state, former senator, former first lady. Secretary Clinton, 【D7】______Thank you for being here. Clinton: It's great to be here with you. 【D8】______Maddow: What does a person do after 11 hours of testimony? You're the only human being I know of on earth that has done 11 straight hours. What did you do after that? Clinton: Well, I had my whole team come over to my house and we sat around eating Indian food and drinking wine and beer. 【D9】______It was great. Maddow: And was it like, "Let's just talk about TV. Let's not talk about what just happened?" Clinton: Yes, yes. 【D10】______It was great just to have that chance to thank them because they did a terrific job, you know, kind of being there behind me and getting me ready.

Assuming that a constant travel-time budget, geographic constraints and short-term infrastructure constraints persist as fundamental features of global mobility, what long-term results can one expect? In high-income regions,【C1】______ North America, our picture suggests that the share of traffic volume supplied by buses and automobiles will decline as high-speed transport rises sharply. In developing countries, we【C2】______ the strongest increase to be in the shares first for buses and later for automobiles. Globally, these trends in bus and automobile transport are partially offsetting. In all regions, the share of low-speed mil transport will probably continue its strongly【C3】______ decline. We expect that throughout the period 1990—2050, the average North American will continue to devote most of his or her 1. 1-hour travel-time【C4】______ to automobile travel. The very large demand【C5】______ air travel (or high-speed mil travel) that will be manifest in 2050【C6】______ to only 12 minutes per person a day; a little time goes a long way in the air. In several developing regions, most travel【C7】______ in 2050 will still be devoted to nonmotorized modes. Buses will persist as the primary form of motorized transportation in developing countries for decades.【C8】______ important air travel becomes, buses, automobiles and【C9】______ low-speed trains will surely go on serving vital functions. Some of the super-rich already commute and shop in aircraft, but average people will continue to spend most of their travel time on the【C10】______ .

The New York Times has reported on a problem that many of us have but are not aware of— Internet addiction. According to reporter Tara Parker-Pope, millions of us are addicted to being online. She says this is a growing problem that is making us more forgetful and impatient. Ms. Parker-Pope writes about various reports highlighting how technology is changing people. In one, she quotes cyber-psychologist Dr. Elias Aboujaode who says: "More and more, life is resembling the chat room. " He said we are living in "virtual lifestyles" which are negatively affecting our real-life relationships. Nicki Dowing, a clinical psychologist from Melbourne University in Australia, concluded in a recent study that 10 percent of young people had what she called " Internet dependence. " Tara Parker-Pope quizzed experts in this field on what the signs are of being overly absorbed in technology. She came up with seven indicators of "tech overload". The first is whether you check your e-mail before doing other things. Another telltale sign is if you always anticipate and look forward to your next online visit a sure sign of dependence and addiction. The third point is if you say, "just a few more minutes" when someone wants you. Parker-Pope found your interaction with others also says a lot about how important the Internet is, compared with your family and friends. Do you lie about how much time you spend online or choose to surf the Net instead of going out with others? Other giveaways include the "online lift" that stops you being unhappy, and when others complain about you always being online.

A. she had better think the whole thing overB. make do with an unhappy marriageC. it's really a shame Bill: Kate, Nancy and Steve are breaking up.Kate:【D4】______. I've heard that they quarrel, but they've always made up afterward.Bill: Things are not working out this time. They are getting a separation soon.Kate: What is going to happen to our nephew, little Jack?Bill: Nancy is going to take him.Kate: The cost of living is so high. It will be very difficult for her to take the responsibility. 【D5】______Bill: She seems to have made up her mind. She said she should rather be a single parent than【D6】______Well, I hope her parents will be able to talk her out of it.