单选题By 1916 Canada had played a respectable role on the world stage, a role that would soon help undo its colonial status.

单选题In 2003, I was told by a restaurant owner on a Thai island that local fishermen used to wrap their lunch in banana leaves, which they would then casually toss overboard when done. That was OK, because the leaves decayed and the fish ate them all. But in the past decade, he said, plastic wrap had rapidly replaced banana leaves, so the beach was edged with a crust of plastic. This is a worldwide problem—we can"t point the finger at Thai fishermen. The UK alone produces more than 170m tons of waste every year, much of it food packaging. Now we live in an absurd age where a packet of cookies can have seven layers of wrapping. While it has revolut-ionised the way we store and consume food, there is now so much of it that landfills (垃圾填埋场) can"t cope. Some of it is poisonous, and some of it never degrades. It can take 450 years for some types of plastic bottle to break down. Indeed, as Rachelle Strauss of the UK"s Zero Waste Week says, we never actually throw anything "away"—it"s really just put somewhere else. It"s easy to despair at the scale of handling the plastic wrap, but it isn"t beyond humanity to solve it—look at how the world took action on CFCs (含氯氟烃): there are signs that the hole in the ozone layer is now closing. Food packaging ought to be a doddle . Comment 1: While as an individual I can do my best to avoid excessive packaging, it is really only government regulation that can force corporations to change their practices. Comment 2: I never understand why supermarket chains insist on covering products such as bananas and cucumbers in plastic wrap. Why? They have their own packaging—the skin or peel! Comment 3: I love packaging—if it"s well designed of course. It helps us be more hygienic and practical. The solution to these packaging necessities is clearly to encourage the use of bio-degradable packaging. Comment 4: Before, everything we threw out was bio-degradable and now it"s not. Guess it"s hard to change that behavior overnight.

单选题A: That"ll be $6.75. B: ______

单选题Woman: Bill, I want to have a few words with you about your performance in class lately. Man: I know I"ve gone down. I just haven"t been studying as much as I ought to. Question: What is Bill"s problem?

单选题Psychologists warn that plastic surgery can lead to an identity crisis, among other psychological issues. If you were a fan of the MTV reality series The Hills, you"ll remember the complete physical transformation of Heidi Montag. In mere months, she went from a petite (矮小), natural beauty from Colorado to resembling some sort of blonde Barbie as a result of multiple facial and body reconstructive surgeries that she didn"t even attempt to hide from the public. What"s worse is that she was in her early 20s at the time. We all figured that deep psychological issues were at the root of Montag"s shocking procedure list, and now, according to a number of U. S. psychologists, we can safely assume that she may also be suffering from an identity crisis. Psychologist Paul Lorene tells the Daily Mail that most patients undergo cosmetic surgery for the wrong reasons, wanting to look similar to a particular model or actor. "They have this glorified picture of this perfect identity," he says, and this can lead to deep psychological problems when the patients discover the identity they were after isn"t actually perfect. Often people don"t realize the attachments they have to their facial features until they alter them with surgery. Perhaps you always hated your large nose, but whether you liked it or not, it was a part of you for your life thus far. If you have surgery to make it smaller, it is reasonable to believe that your self identity could suffer if you end up feeling disconnected from your own face that is now unfamiliar. Do you think cosmetic surgeries can cause identity crisis? Comment 1: The image that people see in the mirror and take for granted actually runs deeper. After appearance-altering surgery, some patients come to realize "that imperfection is actually part of their identity". Comment 2: The identity crisis exists long before the surgery takes place. If you don"t get plastic surgery you will still have an identity crisis. I have identity crisis every morning when I look in the mirror. When did 1 get older? And where the hell is my hair? Comment 3: To quote American Judge Judy, "Beauty fades, dumb is forever." Comment 4: When you look in the mirror and don"t recognize yourself, then you have an identity crisis. Really, these studies and articles of this sort are stating the obvious.

单选题A: I"m not at all satisfied with the service B: ______

单选题Woman: Mr. Scott came back from L. A. very late yesterday. Man: So, even if he had been able to attend the party, he would have arrived late. Question: What do we learn about Mr. Scott?

单选题Man: I"m looking for an unfurnished two-bedroom apartment, but all your apartments are furnished. Woman: We can take care of that. We can simply remove the furniture. Question: What does the woman mean?

单选题Instead of being situated at a fixed campus, the City University conducts classes at various sites deemed convenient to students.

单选题Leo Tolstoy was a Russian writer and moral philosopher, and one of the world"s greatest novelists. He was born on April 30,1828 and died on Feb. 14, 1910. His writings 1 influenced much of 20th-century literature, and his moral 2 helped shape the thinking of several important 3 and political leaders. Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy was born 4 a family of noble landowners at his family 5 south of Moscow. His early education came from tutors at home, but after the deaths of his parents in the 1830s, he was 6 by relatives. He entered Kazan" University when he was 16 but preferred to educate himself independently, and in 1847 he 7 his studies without finishing his degree. His next 15 years were very 8 . Tolstoy returned to manage the family estate, with the determination to improve himself 9 and physically. Alter less than two years, however, he abandoned rural life 10 the pleasures of Moscow. In 1851 Tolstoy traveled to the Caucasus, a region then part of southern Russia, 11 his brother was serving in the army. He was 12 as a volunteer, serving with distinction in the Crimean War from 1853 to 1856. Tolstoy began his literary career during his army service, and his first work, the semiautobiographical short novel Childhood 13 was published in 1852, brought him fame. A series of other stories 14 , and when he left the army in 1856 he was acknowledged as a rising new talent in literature. Tolstoy achieved great literary fame during his lifetime, both in Russia and abroad. Thirty-one translations of his works 15 in the year 1887 alone. The most significant part of Tolstoy"s legacy may be his defense of the individual personality.

单选题Man: Why do you want to move out? You really have a happy life. I do envy you. Woman: You don"t know that I have been over-protected by my mother these years. I want to spread my own wings. Question: What does the woman mean?

单选题Very soon, unimaginably powerful technologies will remake our lives. This could have dangerous consequences, especially because we may not even understand the basic science underlying them. There"s a growing gap between our technological capability and our underlying scientific understanding. We can do very clever things with the technology of the future without necessarily understanding some of the science underneath, and that is very dangerous. The technologies that are particularly dangerous over the next hundred years are nanotechnology, artificial intelligence and biotechnology. The benefits they will bring are beyond doubt but they are potentially very dangerous. In the field of artificial intelligence there are prototype designs for something that might be 50,000 million times smarter than the human brain by the year 2010. The only thing not feasible in the film Terminator is that the people win. If you"re fighting against technology that is much smarter than you, you probably will not win. We"ve all heard of the grey goo problem that self-replicating nanotech devices might keep on replicating until the world has been reduced to sticky goo, and certainly in biotechnology, we"ve really got a big problem because it"s converging with nanotechnology. Once you start mixing nanotech with organisms and you start feeding nanotech-enabled bacteria, we can go much further than the Borg in Star Trek , and those superhuman organisms might not like us very much. We are in a world now where science and commerce are increasingly bedfellows. The development of technology is happening in the context of global free trade regimes which see technological diffusion embedded with commerce as intrinsically a good. We should prepare for new and unfamiliar forms of argument around emerging technologies.

单选题Man: I thought the librarian said we could check out as many books as we need with our library cards. Woman: That"s right, but not those reference books. Question: What does the woman mean?

单选题Man: How did Eddy do in the interview? Woman: He left the room with only one question unanswered. Question: How well did Eddy do in the interview?

单选题In the past few decades, remarkable findings have been made in ethnology, the study of animal social behavior. Earlier scientists had 1 that nonhuman social life was almost totally instinctive or fixed by genetics. Much more careful observation has shown that 2 variation occurs among the social ties of most species, showing that learning is a part of social life. That is, the 3 are not solely fixed by the genes. 4 , the learning that occurs is often at an early age in a process that is called imprinting. Imprinting is clearly 5 instinctive, but it is not quite like the learning of humans; it is something in between the two. An illustration best 6 the nature of imprinting. Once, biologists thought that ducklings followed the mother duck because of instincts. Now we know that, shortly 7 they hatch, ducklings fix 8 any object about the size of a duck and will henceforth follow it. So ducklings may follow a basketball or a briefcase if these are 9 for the mother duck at the time when imprinting occurs. Thus, social ties can be considerably 10 , even ones that have a considerable base 11 by genetics. Even among the social insects something like imprinting 12 influence social behavior. For example, biologists once thought bees communicated with others purely 13 instinct. But, in examining a "dance" that bees do to indicate the distance and direction of a pollen source, observers found that bees raised in isolation could not communicate effectively. At a higher level, the genetic base seems to be much more for an all-purpose learning rather than the more specific responses of imprinting. Chimpanzees, for instance, generally 14 very good mother but Jane Good all reports that some chimps carry the infant upside down or 15 fail to nurture the young.

单选题Woman: Next fall will be my last semester of course work for my master"s and I will be very busy doing research on my thesis. Man: So you will not graduate next fall, will you? Question: When will the woman finish her course work for her master"s degree?

单选题A: Kennedy Airport, please. I have to be there by 7:00. B: ______

单选题Top marathon runners tend to be lean and light, star swimmers are long thighs with huge feet and gold medal weightlifters are solid blocks of muscle with short arms and legs. So, does your physical shape—and the way your body works—fit you for a particular sport? Or does your body develop a certain way because of your chosen sport? "It"s about 55:45, genes to the environment," says Mike Rennie, professor of clinical physiology at Britain"s University of Nottingham Medical School. Rennie cites the case of identical twins from Germany, one of whom was a long-distance athlete, the other a powerful sportsman, so, "They look quite different, despite being identical twins." Someone who"s 1.5-meters tall has little chance of becoming an elite basketball player. Still, being over two meters tall won"t automatically push you to Olympic gold." Unless you have tactical sense where needed, unless you have access to good equipment, medical care and the psychological conditions, and unless you are able to drive yourself through pain, all the physical strength will be in vain," said Craig Sharp, professor of sports science at Britain"s Brunel University. Jonathan Robinson, an applied sports scientist at the University of Bath"s sports development department, in southwest England, points to the importance of technique. "In swimming only 5-10 per cent of the propelling force comes from the legs, so technique is vital. " Having the right physique for the right sport is a good starting point. Seventeen years ago, the Australian Institute of Sport started a national Talent Search Program, which searched schools for 14- 16-year-olds with the potential to be elite athletes. One of their first finds was Megan Still, world champion rower. In 1987, Still had never picked up an oar in her life. But she had almost the perfect physique for a rower. After intensive training, she won gold in women"s rowing in the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. Other countries have followed the Australian example. Now the explosion of genetic knowledge has meant that there is now a search, not just for appropriate physique but also for "performance genes. "

单选题There is no question that the old style of air pollution could kill people. In one week following the infamous "peasouper" fog in December 1952, 4,700 people died in London. Most of these people were elderly and already had heart or lung diseases. A series of these killer fogs eventually led to the British Parliament passing the Clean Air Act which restricted the burning of coal. Fortunately the effect of smog on the lungs is not so dramatic. Scientists have now conducted a number of laboratory experiments in which volunteers are exposed to ozone inside a steel chamber for a few hours. Even at quite low concentrations there is a reversible fall in lung function, an increase in the irritability of the lungs and evidence of airway inflammation (发炎). Although irritable and inflamed lungs are particularly seen in people with asthma (哮喘) and other lung diseases, these effects of ozone also occur in healthy subjects. Similar changes are also seen after exposure to nitrogen dioxide, although there is some disagreement about the concentration at which they occur. Other studies have found that people living in areas with high levels of pollution have more symptoms and worse hung function than those living in areas with clean air. Groups of children attending school camps show falls in lung function even at quite low concentrations of ozone. There is also a relationship between ozone levels and hospital admissions for asthma, both in North America and Australia. It is suspected that long-term exposure to smog may result in chronic bronchitis (支气管炎) and emphysema (肺气肿), but this has yet to be proven. Recently an association has been found between the levels of particles in the air and death rates in North American cities. The reason for this association is not understood and as yet there is no evidence this occurs in Australia. However, we do know that hazy days are associated with more asthma attacks in children.

单选题Man: Our budget is a little tight this year. As we plan our vacation, let"s keep that in mind. Woman: There are a lot of very interesting things to see that are close to home. Maybe we could consider some things like backpacking in the mountains. Question: Why does the woman suggest a backpacking in the mountains?