单选题An action that is lavishly rewarded as soon as it is performed is well on its way to becoming a habit.

单选题The events of Sept. 11 have ratcheted up security at American airports to the highest level ever, according to a spokesman for Transportation Secretary Norman Mineta. But to say there is plenty of room for improvement puts it mildly: Hundreds of employees with access to high-security areas at 15 U. S. airports have been arrested or indicted by federal law enforcement officials for using phony social security numbers, lying about criminal convictions or being in the United States illegally. None of those arrested had terrorist links, but some aviation experts said the workers were in a position to help smuggle weapons or bombs aboard aircraft if they had wanted. Tests ordered by President Bush and conducted by federal agents at 32 airports between November and February, when airports were on highest alert, showed that Security screeners failed to detect knives 70% of the time, guns 300//00 of the time and simulated explosives 60% of the time. Two members of the House Transportation Committee are pushing to reverse the administration"s opposition to arming pilots because groups representing pilots are insisting that their members need to be armed as a last line of defense. Attorney General John Ashcroft said the arrests of hundreds of airport employees showed that the system of background checks--done piecemeal by airlines, private contractors and others—needs tightening. That much is painfully obvious. What isn"t clear is why the system was so porous (有洞的) to begin with and why it wasn"t immediately tightened after that infamous Tuesday in September. Some people in the industry wisely have suggested that all airport workers be required to pass through the same metal detectors and other security checks as flight crews do. Congress has ordered the new Transpiration Security Administration to find ways to enact just such a requirement. Unfortunately, no deadline has been set, in part because federal officials are preoccupied with getting thousands of new baggage screeners in place by Nov. 19—when the reds take over airport security—and installing bomb-detection equipment in all airports by the end of the year. Plainly, those two goals are critical. But it would be a mistake to give low priority to fixing other gaping holes in the nation"s airport security net. If the federal crackdown is going to be effective, it needs to be comprehensive.

单选题Man: I hear you have been working part-time. Woman: Yeah, I must stand on my own feet. My parents are retired and their health is declining. Question: What does the woman mean?

单选题Ironically, in the United States, a country of immigrants, prejudice and discrimination continue to be serious problems. There was often 1 between each established group of 2 and each succeeding group. As each group became 3 financially successful, and more powerful, they 4 newcomers from full participation in the society. Prejudice and discrimination are 5 U.S. history, 6 , this prejudicial treatment of different groups is 7 more unjust than with black Americans. Blacks had distinct 8 . For the most part, they came to the "land of opportunity" as slaves and were not free to keep their 9 and cultural traditions. 10 most European immigrants, blacks did not have the protection of a support group; sometimes slave owners separated members of 11 family. They could not mix easily with the 12 society either because of their skin color. It was difficult for them to 13 the American culture. Even after they became flee people, they were still discriminated 14 in employment, housing, education, and even in public 15 , such as restrooms.

单选题Sofia Coppola"s "Lost in Translation" is a funny, bittersweet movie that uses cultural dislocation as a metaphor for people who have gotten lost in their own lives. The movie contains priceless slapstick from Bill Murray, finely tuned performances by Murray and the beautiful Scarlett Johansson and a visual and aural design that cultivates a romantic though melancholy mood. In only her second feature, Coppola has made a poised, intelligent film that nicely balances laughs with a poignancy rarely seen in American movies. If Focus Features markets "Lost in Translation" carefully, this most original comedy could win audiences well beyond art houses. Bob Harris (Murray) is a grumpy movie star in town to shoot a whiskey commercial. He is not only plagued by jet lag and gloom over a deteriorating marriage of many years, he is also in the midst of a midlife crisis that dampens his spirits but not his wit. Charlotte (Johansson), the neglected wife of a photographer, experiences a similar air-conditioned nightmare. Married two years, she already feels lost in the relationship, unable to participate in her husband"s career or pinpoint what she wants out of life. When she ventures into the city, she is confronted by a distorted version of western modernity. These two people discover each other late at night at the bar. Neither one can sleep. A friendship evolves in their mutual isolation. Coppola sees in Tokyo"s crowded, neon-lit urban landscape a society estranged from its own culture. The night is filled with pleasure-seekers obsessed by games, toys and American pop culture. Only when Charlotte takes a train to Kyoto is she able to experience the old Japan of ancient temples and gardens, tea houses and kimono-clad figures. This role fits Murray like his own skin. A middle-aged burnout who sees no challenges on his horizon gradually changes into a man revitalized by another alienated soul. His comic touch enriches the character with a self-deprecating wit and in a few sequences, a rubbery physicality that earns sustained laughs. Johansson makes Charlotte"s loneliness and disillusionment palpable as the woman is cut off from life in ways she never imagined. Using high-speed film stock, cinematographer Lance Acord gives the glaring neon and numbingly sleek interiors a kind of romantic sheen. The score produced by Brian Reitzell created out of Japanese musical themes and "Tokyo dream-pop" adds to the sense of an Eastern city that has succumbed in large measure to Western culture.

单选题Another 1,000 workers were dismissed when the machinery plant was in difficulties.

单选题Woman: I went downtown yesterday and saw Jean"s sister there. Man: Unlike her sister, Jean doesn"t have lots of time to spend buying dresses. Question: What do we learn about Jean?

单选题So what are books good for? My best answer is that books produce knowledge by encasing it. Books take ideas and set them down, transforming them through the limitations of space into thinking usable by others. In 1959, C. P. Snow threw down the challenge of "two cultures", the scientific and the humanistic, pursuing their separate, unconnected lives within developed societies. In the new-media ecology of the 21st century, we may not have closed that gap, but the two cultures of the contemporary world are the culture of data and the culture of narrative. Narrative is rarely collective. It isn"t infinitely expandable. Narrative has a shape and a temporality, and it ends, just as our lives do. Books tell stories. Scholarly books tell scholarly stories. Storytelling is central to the work of the narrative-driven disciplines—the humanities and the nonquantitative social sciences—and it is central to the communicative pleasures of reading. Even argument is a form of narrative. Different kinds of books are, of course, good for different things. Some should be created only for download and occasional access, as in the case of most reference projects, which these days are born digital or at least given dual passports. But scholarly writing requires narrative fortitude, on the part of writer and reader. There is nothing wiki about the last set of Cambridge University Press monographs(专著) I purchased, and in each I encounter an individual speaking subject. Each single-author book is immensely particular, a story told as only one storyteller could recount it. Scholarship is a collagist (拼贴画家), building the next road map of what we know book by book. Stories end, and that, I think, is a very good thing. A single authorial voice is a kind of performance, with an audience of one at a time, and no performance should outstay its welcome. Because a book must end, it must have a shape, the arc of thought that demonstrates not only the writer"s command of her or his subject but also that writer"s respect for the reader. A book is its own set of bookends. Even if a book is published in digital form, freed from its materiality, that shaping case of the codex (古书的抄本) is the ghost in the ghost in the knowledge-machine, we are the case for books. Our bodies hold the capacity to generate thousands of ideas, perhaps even a couple of full-length monographs, and maybe a trade book or two. If we can get them right, books are luminous versions of our ideas, bound by narrative structure so that others can encounter those better, smarter versions of us on the page or screen. Books make the case for us, for the identity of the individual as an embodiment of thinking in the world. The heart of what even scholars do is the endless task of making that world visible again and again by telling stories, complicated and subtle stories that reshape us daily so that new forms of knowledge can shine out.

单选题Job sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one full-time job. The two people willingly act as part-time workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a full-time worker. If they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 percent of the job"s wages, its holidays and its other benefits. Of course, some job sharers take a smaller or larger share of the responsibilities of the position, receiving a lesser or greater share of the benefits. Job sharing differs from conventional part-time work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment. Job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people. Job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather, is to provide well-paid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities. As would be expected, women constitute the bulk of job sharers. A survey carded out in 1988 by Britain"s Equal Opportunities Commission revealed that 78 percent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. Subsequent studies have come up with similar results. Many of these women were re-entering the job market after having had children, but they chose not to seek part-time work because it would have meant lower status. Job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into full-time work after a long absence. The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional one-position jobs. However, to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. Moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. In sum, for a position to be job-shared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals.

单选题The specially developed skin paint will wear off in 2-4 days, but can be removed instantly with alcohol.

单选题Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 16 As was discussed before, it was not 17 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 18 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 19 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 20 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 21 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 22 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in 23 . It is important to do so. It is generally recognized, 24 , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 25 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, 26 its impact on the media was not immediately 27 . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became "personal" too, as well as 28 , with display becoming sharper and storage 29 increasing. They were thought of, like people, 30 generations, with the distance between generations much smaller. It was within the computer age that the term "information society" began to be widely used to describe the context within which we now live.

问答题Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and what it can do for us now than formerly. Summer homes, European vacations, travel, BMW"s—such items do not seem less in demand than they did a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot admit their dreams as easily and openly as they once could, lest they be thought of as pushing, acquisitive, and vulgar. For such people and many more perhaps not so outstanding, the proper action seems to be, "Succeed at all costs but refrain from appearing ambitious." The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles, while its public defenders are few and ineffective. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and cultivated in the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States.

问答题Directions: In this part, please write an essay of about 150 words on the topic China in the 21st Century and Her Returning Scholars. You should base your essay on the following outline: 1. Today, many countrymen are returning after they finish their study abroad. 2. Reasons for their returning. 3. Significance of their returning both to China and to themselves.

问答题Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Getting to Know the World Outside the Campus. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below. 1．大学生了解社会的必要性 2．了解社会的途径(大众媒介，社会服务等) 3．我打算怎么做

问答题很多十几岁、二十出头的人就像这样一刻不停地进行着社交活动。他们无时无刻不在通过手机、即时通信和社交网站相互联络。这个人群之庞大，让学校、工作单位和家庭面临着一大堆新问题需要应对。一些人认为，他们可以完成大量工作。另一些人则认为，他们相互之间的关系很淡薄，而面对面的人际交往能力也很弱。

问答题1．你认为大学里课余辅导班是否应该收费2．你为什么这样认为3．如何解决困难生学费的问题

问答题Directions:Studythepictureasfollowing,andwriteanessayofabout150words.Youressaymustbebasedontheinstructionsasfollows:1.Describethepicture2.Interpretitsmeaning3.Predictthefutureofthisphenomenon

问答题For most of human history, the dominant concerns about energy have centered on the benefit side. Inadequacy of energy resources of the technologies for harvesting, converting, and distributing those resources has meant insufficient energy benefits to human beings and hence inconvenience, and constraints on its growth. The 1970"s, then, represented an turning point, Energy was seen to be getting costlier in all respects. It began to be believable that excessive energy costs could pose threats on a par with those of insufficient supply. It also became possible to think that expanding some forms of energy supply could create costs exceeding the benefits. The crucial question at the beginning of the 1990"s is whether the trend that began in the 1970"s will prove to be temporary or permanent. Is the era of cheap energy really over, or will a combination of new resources, new technology and changing geopolitics bring it back? One key determinant of the answer is the staggering scale of energy demand brought forth by 100 years of population growth and industrial demand. Except for the huge pool of oil underlying the Middle East, the cheapest oil and gas are already gone. Even if a few more giant oil fields are discovered, they will make little difference against consumption on today"s scale．Oil and gas will have to come increasingly，for most countries，from deeper in the earth and from imports whose reliability and affordability cannot be guaranteed．

问答题Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics--the science of conferring various human capabilities on ma- Chinese．And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction，they have begun to come close． As a result，the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor．Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms．Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank US with mechanical politeness for the transaction．

问答题Cancer has emerged as a major killer in several newly industrialized countries and is striking more people in areas of developing world where it was hardly known before, the World Health Organization (WHO) said. Although the risk of cancer will stabilize, if not decline, in industrialized countries by 2025, developing countries will suffer increasing rates of the disease, the WHO said in an extensive report on the world"s state of health. Cancer caused 12 percent of the 52 million deaths worldwide in 1997 and was the third leading killer after infectious and parasitic diseases and coronary and heart disease.