单选题{{U}}Adverse{{/U}} reviews in the New York press may greatly change the prospects of a new Broad- way production.

单选题According to a prominent philosopher intolerance is a/an ______ to understanding.

单选题Despite what I'd been told about the local people's attitude to strangers, ______ did I encounter any rudeness. A. at no time B. in no time C. at any time D. at some time

单选题Mr. Smith recently has ______ tennis to relax himself in spare time.

单选题There is much I enjoy about the changing seasons, but my favorite time is the from fall to winter. A. transmission B. transformation C. transition D. transfer

单选题The upshot of all this was that travelling had become precarious.

单选题The Aleuts, residing on several islands of the Aleutian Chain, the Pribilof Islands, and the Alaskan peninsula have possessed a written language since 1825, when the Russian missionary Ivan Venation selected appropriate characters of the Cyrillic alphabet to represent Aleut speech sounds, recorded the main body of Aleut vocabulary and formulated grammatical rules. The Czarist Russian conquest of the proud, independent sea hunters was so devastatingly thorough that tribal traditions, even tribal memories, were almost obliterated. The slaughter of the majority of an adult generation was sufficient to destroy the continuity of tribal knowledge, which was dependent upon oral transmission. As a consequence, the Aleuts developed a fanatical devotion to their language as their only cultural heritage. The Russian occupation placed a heavy linguistic burden on the Aleuts. Not only were they compelled to learn Russian to converse with their overseers and governors, but they had to learn Old Slavonic to take an active part in church services as well as to master the skill of reading and writing their own tongue. In 1867, when the United States purchased Alaska, the Aleuts were unable to break sharply with their immediate past and substitute English for any one of their three languages. To communicants of the Russian Orthodox Church a knowledge of Slavonic remained vital as did Russian, the language in which one conversed with the clergy. The Aleuts came to regard English education as a device to wean them from their religious faith. The introduction of compulsory English schooling caused a minor renascence of Russian culture as the Aleut parents sought to counteract the influence of the schoolroom. The harsh life of the Russian colonial rule began to appear more happy and beautiful in retrospect. Regulations forbidding instruction in any language other than English increased its unpopularity. The superficial alphabetical resemblance of Russian and Aleut linked the two tongues so closely that every restriction against teaching Russian was interpreted as an attempt to eradicate the Aleut tongue. From the wording of many regulations, it appears that American administrators often had not the slightest idea that the Aleuts were clandestinely reading and writing their own tongue or even had a written language of their own. To too many officials, anything in Cyrillic letters was Russian and something to be stamped out. Bitterness bred by abuses and the exploitations the Aleuts suffered from predatory American traders and adventurers kept alive the Aleut resentment against the language spoken by Americans. Gradually despite the failure to emancipate the Aleuts from a sterile past by relating the Aleut and English languages more closely, the passage of years has assuaged the bitter misunderstandings and caused an orientation, away from Russian toward English as their second language, but Aleut continues to be the language that molds their thought and expression.

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单选题In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition (学会) of each new skill--the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.

单选题That contract, about which we had a disagreement last month, has now gone______.

单选题A lot of people worked long hours because high unemployment meant that they could easily be______.

单选题Most people who develop Lyme disease, a tick-borne infection that's endemic in parts of the Northeast and Midwest, are easily cured by taking an antibiotic like doxycycline for a couple of weeks. But for years a debate has raged over what to do about patients whose symptoms (fatigue, mental confusion, joint pain) never seem to clear up. One small but vocal group of doctors and patient advocates believes that Lyme's corkscrew-shaped spirochetes have tunneled deep into their victims' bodies and can be eradicated only with intensive antibiotic treatment over many months. Another group believes, just as adamantly, that the bacteria are long gone, making further treatment with powerful antibiotics—which can lead to potentially fatal infections or blood clots—positively dangerous. Now comes word of two studies in the New England Journal of Medicine that show that long-term antibiotic treatment is no better than a placebo for folks with chronic Lyme disease. Originally scheduled for publication in July, the research is part of a group of findings made public last week -just in time for the peak Lyme months of June and July. If confirmed by another major study that's looking at chronic Lyme and antibiotics from a slightly different perspective, the results would seem to settle the question once and for all. Researchers from Boston, New Haven, Conn., and Valhalla, N. Y., followed 129 patients who had previously been treated for well-documented eases of Lyme disease. Sixty-four were given antibiotics directly into their veins for a month, followed by two months of oral antibiotics. The others received dummy medications. A third of the chronic Lyme patients got better while taking the antibiotics. But so did a third of those on the placebo. Indeed, the results were so similar that a monitoring board decided to cut the trials short rather than add more subjects to the test groups. Unfortunately, the debate over chronic Lyme has become so heated that no one expects the controversy to go away. But both sides may take comfort in the other findings that were released by the New England Journal last week. After studying 482 subjects bitten by deer ticks in a part of New York with a lot of Lyme disease, researchers concluded that a singly 200-rug dose of doxycycline dramatically cut the risk of contracting the disease. That good news is tempered somewhat by the fact that 80% of patients who develop the infection don't remember ever being bitten by a tick. (The bugs inject an anesthetic into the skin to mask the pain and in their nymph stage are so small—about the size of a poppy seed--that they are easily overlooked.) There's still plenty you can do to protect yourself in a Lyme-infested neighborhood: tuck your pants in your socks, spray DEET on your clothing, check yourself and your kids for ticks. And if you develop a spreading red rash—particularly if it's accompanied by joint pain, chills or confusion—make sure you see a doctor right away. The tick, as always, is to be vigilant without overreacting.

单选题The education ______ for the coming year is about $4 billion, which is much more than what people expected. A. allowance B. reservation C. budget D. finance

单选题Can't you speak more______ to your parents?(2003年上海交通大学考博试题)

单选题Children loam almost nothing from television, and the more they watch, the less they remember. They regard television purely (71) entertainment, resent programs that put (72) on them and are surprised that anybody should (73) the medium seriously. Far from being over-excited by programs, they are mildly (74) with the whole thing. These are the main conclusions from a new study of children and television. The author, Cardiac Cullingford, (75) that the modem child is a (76) viewer. The study suggests that there is little (77) in the later hours. All 11-year-olds have watched programs after midnight. Apart from the obvious waste of time (78) , it seems that all this viewing has little effect. Cullingford says that children can recall few details. They can remember exactly which programs they have seen but they can (79) explain the elements of a particular plot. Recall was in " (80) proportion to the amount they had watched. "It is precisely because television, (81) a teacher, demands so little attention and response (82) children like it, argues Cullingford. Programs seeking to (83) serious messages are strongly disliked. (84) people who frequently talk on screen. What children like most are the advertisements. They see them as short programs (85) their own right and particularly enjoy humorous presentation. But again, they (86) strongly against high-pressure advertisements that attempt openly to (87) them. In addition, children are not (88) involved in the programs. If they admire the stars, it is because the actors lead glamorous lives and earn a lot of money, (89) their fictional skills with fast cars and shooting villains, children are perfectly (90) the functions of advertisements. And says Cullingford, educational television is probably least successful of an in imparting attitudes or information.

单选题Mr. Johnson was a passionate person filled with an incredible dynamism.

单选题 {{B}}Passage Two Tribute to Dr. Carlo Urbani, Identifier of $ARS{{/B}} (1) On the 29th of March, 2003, the World Health Organization doctor Carlo Urbani died of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, the fast-spreading pneumonia that had killed 54 people worldwide. (2) The 46-year-old Italian doctor was the first WHO officer to identify the outbreak of this new disease in an American businessman. Dr. Urbani first saw the US businessman on Feb. 28, two days after the patient had been admitted to a hospital in Hanoi. Although Urbani had worn a mask, he lacked goggles and other protective clothing. He began demanding that Hanoi hospitals stock up on protective gear and tighten up infection control procedures. But he was frustrated at how long it was taking to teach infection-control procedures to people in hospitals. There were shortages of supplies, like disposable masks, gowns, gloves. (3) After three weeks of round-the-clock effort, Urbani's superior urged him to take a few days off to attend a medical meeting in Bangkok, where he was to talk on childhood parasites. The day after he arrived, he began feeling ill with symptoms of the new disease. He called his wife, now living in Hanoi with their three children. He said: "Go back to Italy and take the children, because this will be the end for me." Dr. Urbani developed a fever and was put into isolation where he remained until his death. The WHO representative in Hanoi said: "He was very much a doctor, and his first goal was to help people." (4) He was buried on April 2, 2003 in Castelplanio, central Italy, leaving behind his wife and children. The measures he helped put in place before his death appear to have doused the SARS wildfire in Vietnam.

单选题He did not tell his parents because he knew they would try to change his mind but he ______ in a colleague at work.

单选题In a perfectly free and open market economy, the type of employer--government or private- should have little or no impact on the earnings differentials between women and men. However, if there is discrimination against one sex, it is unlikely that the degree of discrimination by government and private employers will be the same. Differences in the degree of discrimination would result in earnings differentials associated with the type of employer. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would be greater. Thus, one would expect that, if women are being discriminated against, government employment would have a positive effect on women's earnings as compared with their earnings fi~om private employment. The results of a study by Fuchs support this assumption. Fuchs' results suggest that the earnings of women in an industry composed entirely of government employees would be 14.6 percent greater than the earnings of women in an industry composed exclusively of private employees, other things being equal. In addition, both Fuchs and Sanborn have suggested that the effect of discrimination by consumers on the earnings of self-employed women may be greater than the effect of either government or private employer discrimination on the earnings of women employees. To test this hypothesis, Brown selected a large sample of white male and female workers from the 1970 census and divided them into three categories: private employees, government employees, and self-employed. (Black workers were excluded from the sample to avoid picking up earnings differentials that were the result of racial disparities.) Brown's research design was controlled for education, labor-force participation, mobility, motivation, and age in order to eliminate these factors as explanation of the study's results. Brown's results suggest that men and women are not treated the same by employers and consumers. For men, self-employment is the highest earnings category, with private employment next, and government lowest. For women, this order is reversed. One can infer from Brown's results that consumers discriminate against self-employed women. In addition, self-employed women may have more difficulty than men in getting good employees and may encounter discrimination from suppliers and from financial institutions. Brown's results are clearly consistent with Fuchs' argument that discrimination by consumers has a greater impact on the earnings of women than does discrimination by either government or private employers. Also, the fact that women do better work for government than for private employers implies that private employers are discriminating against women. The results do not prove that government does not discriminate against women. They do, however, demonstrate that if government is discriminating against women, its discriminating is not having as much effect on women's earnings as is discrimination in the private sector.