单选题On April 20, 2000, in Accra, Ghana, the leaders of six West African countries declared their intention to proceed to monetary union among the non-CFA franc countries of the region by January 2003, as a first step toward a wider monetary union including all the ECOWAS countries in 2004. The six countries (71) themselves to reducing central bank financing of budget deficits (72) 10 percent of the previous year's government (73) ; reducing budget deficits to 4 percent of the second phase by 2003; creating a Convergence Council to help (74) macroeconomic policies; and (75) up a common central bank. Their declaration (76) that, "Member States (77) the need (78) strong political commitment and (79) to (80) all such national policies (81) would facilitate the regional monetary integration process. The goal of a monetary union in ECOWAS has long been an objective of the organization, going back to its formation in 1975, and is intended to (82) a broader integration process that would include enhanced regional trade and (83) institutions. In the colonial period, currency boards linked sets of countries in the region. (84) independence, (85) , these currency boards were (86) , with the (87) of the CFA franc zone, which included the francophone countries of the region. Although there have been attempts to advance file agenda of ECOWAS monetary cooperation, political problems and other economic priorities in several of the region's countries have to (88) inhibited progress. Although some problems remain, the recent initiative has been bolstered by the election in 1999 of a democratic government and a leader who is committed to regional (89) in Nigeria, the largest economy of the region, raising hopes that the long-delayed project can be (91) .

单选题The designing of a satellite in the heavenly environment is ______ an easy job. A. by all means B. by any means C. by every means D. by no means

单选题What we call nature is, ______, the sum of the changes made by all the various creatures and natural forces in their intricate actions and influences upon each other and upon their places.

单选题Within the next 20 years, various regions of the world may experience severe changes in climate. Some may be vulnerable to longer droughts, others to more coastal flooding.

单选题Store shelves are filling up with so-called "green" products promising to benefit the environment. A recent controversy pitting the influential magazine Consume Reports against a popular new energy-saving device shows that it can be as difficult for buyers to confirm such claims as for manufacturers to defend them. The controversy concerns the GreenPlug Electricity Saver ($29～$39 retail). Consumers snapped 500 000 in 1993, the plug's first year on the market. Gross revenue was $10 million for the fledgling manufacturer, Green Technologies Inc. , of Boulder, Colo. The GreenPlug is supposed to prevent energy waste by appliances whose constant-speed motors operate at less than full load—as is especially true of older refrigerators. Research conducted for the space shuttle showed that such motors can be made to do the same work with less heat, noise, and power consumption just by lowering the voltage of the power supply. John and Wyck Hay, two of the founders of the Celestial Seasonings Herb Tea Company, started Green Technologies in 1990 to apply that finding to home appliances. In the United States alone, there are more than 140 million refrigerators in use, accounting for an average of 16 percent of the household electric bill. That share can run as high as 25 percent in a small apartment. Two years of research resulted in the GreenPlug. Connecting between wall socket and refrigerator, the device contains an analog computer that gives a motor full power (120 V on average) for start-up, then reduces the power to 106 V. That boosts the efficiency, but a lot of factors affect how much electricity and money are saved. Line voltage varies from home to home. Older refrigerators are the most overpowered and, thus, save the most energy with a GreenPlug. Refrigerators less than two years old are so efficient already that a GreenPlug actually makes them waste electricity. The higher the voltage, the larger the difference a GreenPlug makes. Higher power costs shorten the payback time. The population-weighted national average is 10 cents per kilowatt-hour. But some residents in Washington State pay 1.5 cents. Some in Alaska pay 416 cents. Then come highly individual household factors like the number of children of refrigerator-opening age. All in all, the GreenPlug should save the average consumer $20 a year, says Steve Ehli, director of public relations for Green Technologies. Controversy over the GreenPlug began when Bernard Deitrick, a project leader at Consumers Union, tested the device on refrigerators made in 1969, 1975, 1978 and 1992. His results appeared in an unfavorable review in the November issue of Consume Reports, drawing a barrage of challenges from Green Technologies as well as Green-Plug vendors and customers. Although the GreenPlug lowered the voyage as it was designed to do, Consume Reports questioned how quickly—if ever—electricity savings attributable to the plug would repay its cost. People would be better of buying a new, high-efficiency refrigerator, the magazine advised... Consumer Reports also said that the GreenPlug didn't give a claimed 25 percent savings worth $50 a year. The savings on the oldest model was the best at 8.6 percent, worth $20 a year. Green Technologies responded that by November it had discontinued a pamphlet that implied that the GreenPlug could deliver a 25-percent savings. And it had never used the $50 figure. Green Technologies ordered tests of the GreenPlug on up to 2800 refrigerators through next year. Mr. Ehli says the company will not put that data in stores. Instead, potential buyers will call an 800 numbers to learn how their model of refrigerator performed. Meanwhile, there is little evidence of consumer dissatisfaction. Sales topped 45000 units last month. The return rate is less than 0.2 percent, Ehli says.

单选题A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide—the division of the world into the info(information)rich and the info poor. And that【C1】______does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less invisible then, however, were the new, positive【C2】______that work against the digital divide. Actually, there are reasons to be【C3】______. There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more【C4】______, it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all, the more people online, the more potential【C5】______there are. More and more enterprises, afraid their countries will be left【C6】______, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for【C7】______world poverty that we've ever had. Of course, the use of the Internet isn't the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has big potential. To【C8】______advantage of this tool, some poor countries will have to get over their outdated anticolonial prejudices【C9】______respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of【C10】______ (the basic structural foundations of a society)in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. And that is why America's Second Wave infrastructure—concerning roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on—were built with foreign investment.

单选题Space is full of unseen hazards among which are cosmic rays. A. dangers B. ventures C. galaxies D. prospects

单选题Which of the following is not the example of applying the threshold method?

单选题The structure of this animal's brain gives no ______ that it is more intelligent than any others. A.indication B.index C.hint D.implication

单选题Mrs. Lackey was awakened by the ringing of the bedside phone 12 hours after her husband's boat had been ______

单选题He cannot see anything without his glasses, so he made a______of remembering to get them fixed before he went to work.(2002年复旦大学考博试题)

单选题The psychiatrist says that a person with inferiority feelings can be very ______.

单选题Children were expected to be {{U}}obedient{{/U}} and contribute to the well-being of the family.

单选题Mr. Smith became very______ when it was suggested that he had made a mistake.(2015年北京航空航天大学考博试题)

单选题The score is tied in the second half of the World Cup finals, and aboard a 747, passengers cheer as they watch the game on their laptops-40,000 feet above Earth. Sound futuristic? Boeing Plans to make this scenario possible with its broadband telecommunications initiative, Connexion by Boeing. This service will allow fliers to surf the Web, send and receive email, access the company internet, book dinner reservations trade the honest stock, shop-online and watch live TV from any seat in an aircraft. Connexion is already available on private jets, and Boeing says that the two-way broadband service will be installed on domestic flights in late 2001. Global coverage is slated to arrive by 2005. Subscribers will be able to access Connexion from their seats using laptops or personal digital assistants, plus a network card and a cable provided by the airline. The cost? Comparable to ground-floor cellular phone service; between $ 6 and $ 25 an hour. One key enabler for this technology is a phased-array antenna, originally developed by Boeing in 1986. Located on the aircraft's upper fuselage, the antenna electronically transmits beams to a satellite at 1.5 Mb per second and receives them at 5 Mb per second. Thus, every passenger can access Connexion concurrently, securing connection speeds of no less than 56 Kb per second each. The actual bandwidth will be continually upgraded. Boeing ultimately wants to bring the service to markets like cruise ships and oil exploration plat- forms. Until then, the sky' s the limit.

单选题A manager who takes absolute control of a workplace situation, without reference to their team's views and input, would be exhibiting a(n) ______ management style.

单选题In the early 20th century, at the advent of the telephone, it was considered a superfluous instrument which would never be of practical use in the average household.