单选题Obviously these are all factors affecting smooth operation, but the underlying problem is still to be identified.(2004年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)

单选题Neither John nor his brothers bought what ______ needed.

单选题The phrase "interfaith marriage" in the Paragraph 3 refers to the ______.

单选题Next week, the European Parliament will debate stringent regulation of a number of effective pesticides. If this regulation is passed, the consequences will be devastating. In the 1960s, widespread use of the potent and safe insecticide DDT led to eradication of many insect-borne diseases in Europe and North America. But based on no scientific evidence of human health effects, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency banned DDT, and its European counterparts followed suit. Subsequently, more than 1 million people died each year from malaria—but not in America or Europe. Rather, most of the victims were children and women in Africa and Asia. Today, even while acknowledging that indoor spraying of small amounts of DDT would help prevent many deaths and millions of illnesses, nongovernmental organizations continue—with great success—to pressure African governments not to allow its use. In order to stave off such pressure, African public health officials cave, and their children die needlessly. Yet, rather than learning the tragic lesson of the DDT ban, the European Union wants to extend this unscientific ban to other effective insecticides, including pyrethroids and organophosphates—further undercutting anti-malarial efforts. The currently debated regulation would engender a paradigm shift in the regulation of chemicals, from a risk-based approach—based on real world exposures from agricultural applications—to a hazard-based standard, derived from laboratory tests and having little or no basis in reality as far as human health is concerned. Of course, this is fine with anti-chemical zealots. Their concern is bringing down chemical companies in the name of "the environment" —tough luck if African children have to be sacrificed to their agenda, as was the case with DDT(which is still banned in the EU and not under consideration in the current debate). Most poignantly, the fight against malaria and other insect-borne tropical diseases would take another hit, with resulting illness, disability and death disproportionally affecting children under five and pregnant women. And what, after all, is the "danger" of these chemicals being debated? In fact, there is no evidence to support the contention that insecticides pose a health threat to humans. Even DDT, one of the most studied chemicals of all time, has been conclusively shown to be safe for humans at all conceivable levels of exposure sufficient to control malaria and save millions of lives.

单选题During all these years of absence, he had______a tender feeling for his mother and the family.

单选题Mary ______when she found her husband drunk again. A. blew her top B. became abnormal C. was affected D. in opposition

单选题People who begin to go deaf in adult life have different problems from those who are born deaf. They have to learn different ways of behaving and different ways of communication—perhaps at a time when learning is not all that easy. A heating aid is not a complete solution to the problem. The sound perceived by the deaf person through a hearing aid is distorted and appears to have more background noise than is heard by someone with normal hearing. Deafened people have to lip-read as well. Lipreading is difficult, demands intense concentration, and an uninterrupted direct view of the speaker's face. No other activities can take place at the same time: the lipreadar has to stop eating, stop everything in order to concentrate on hearing. It is not a question of stupidity or bad temper—as it sometimes appears to be—but a question of being very easy to misunderstand when tile sound is distorted. Remember what it's like trying to communicate on a very bad telephone line. Frustrating, isn't it? The deaf have to face that all the time. A useful way of looking at the problem is to see the deaf person as a foreigner—to treat them as if you were in a foreign country. You would speak more clearly, slowly and raise your voice slightly. And you'd use gestures to make your meaning clear, as well as have no hesitation in using pencil and paper to be absolutely certain. You can de all those things with the deaf—as well as making sure you don't obscure your mouth with your hand, a pipe or a cigarette. Another point quite often overlooked is that a hearing aid may be quite efficient and useful in a quiet, carpeted room—but try it in the street during rush hour, in a noisy ear, in a railway station ticket office, a cinema or a concert hall and you've got a really difficult problem to distinguish speech. So don't suggest to or encourage deaf people to go to functions which are going to make their disability appear worse—and increase their sense of failure. Careful selection of cinemas with good sound systems is important and you should experiment to find out where the best seats are for hearing. Fitting adaptors for radio and television, observing which 15lends are easier to understand, and making sure that people talking are well-lit are all useful and positive activities.

单选题The history of responds to the work of the artist Sandro Botticelli (1444-1510) suggests that widespread appreciation by critics is a relatively recent phenomenon. Writing in 1550, Vasari expressed an unease with Botticelli"s work, admitting that the artist fitted awkwardly into his evolutionary scheme of the history of art. Over the next two centuries, academic art historians defamed Botticelli in favor of his fellows Florentine, Michelangelo. Even when anti-academic art historians of the early nineteenth century rejected many of the standards of evaluation adopted by their predecessors, Botticelli"s work remained outside of accepted taste, pleasing neither amateur observers nor connoisseurs. (Many of his best paintings, however, remained hidden away in obscure churches and private homes.) The primary reason for Botticelli"s unpopularity is not difficult to understand: most observers, up until the mid-nineteenth century, did not consider him to be noteworthy, because his work, for the most part, did not seem to these observers to exhibit the traditional characteristics of fifteenth-century Florentine art. For example, Botticelli rarely employed the technique of strict perspective and, unlike Michelangelo, never used chiaroscuro. Another reason for Botticelli"s unpopularity may have been that his attitude toward the style of classical art was very different from that of his contemporaries. Although he was thoroughly exposed to classical art, he showed little interest in borrowing from the classical style. Indeed, it is paradoxical that a painter of large-scale classical subjects adopted a style that was only slightly similar to that of classical art. In any case, when viewers began to examine more closely the relationship of Botticelli"s work to the tradition of fifteenth-century Florentine art, his reputation began to grow. Analyses and assessments of Botticelli made between 1850 and 1870 by the artists of the Pre-Raphaelite movement, as well as by the writer Pater (although he, unfortunately, based his assessment on an incorrect analysis of Botticelli"s personality), inspired a new appreciation of Botticelli throughout the English-speaking world. Yet Botticelli"s work, especially the Sistine frescoes, did not generate worldwide attention until it was finally subjected to a comprehensive and scrupulous analysis by Home in 1908. Home rightly demonstrated that the frescoes shared important features with paintings by other fifteenth-century Florentines—features such as skillful representation of anatomical proportions, and of the human figure in motion. However, Home argued that Botticelli did not treat these qualities as ends in themselves—rather, that he emphasized clear depletion of a story, a unique achievement and one that made the traditional Florentine qualities less central. Because of Home"s emphasis crucial to any study of art, the twentieth century has come to appreciate Botticelli"s achievements.

单选题What was far more amazing and entirely unexpected, not least by governments and business- men anxious about post-war ruin and possible depressions, was the ______ of global economic growth after the Second World War.

单选题They don't want to be involved in the dispute, so they exhibit ______ on such matters. A. integrity B. reserve C. morality D. justice

单选题We made plans for a visit, but______difficulties with car prevented it. A. subordinate B. succeed C. successive D. subsequent

单选题According to the passage, the most difficult task of fining a rocket is ______.

单选题In a sense, scientists and engineers in the past have been fortunate, for we became accustomed to being measured by nature itself-- an unwaveringly fair and consistent, ______ unforgiving, judge. A. thus B. nevertheless C. therefore D. albeit

单选题The U.S. dollar is traditionally the ______ of choice all over the world in case of crisis.

单选题Called by many critics the greatest achievement of English lyrical poetry, this elegy was written upon the death of a fellow alumnus of Milton's, Edward King, who was drowned in the Irish Sea in 1637. A group of King's former schoolmates at Cambridge issued a commemorative volume titled Obsequies to the Memory of Mr. Edward King (1638). It was in this limited publication that Lycidas first appeared. Heretofore, of his great poems only Comus had been published, and that anonymously. Lycidas is not an expression of personal grief ( personal grief was to be eloquent in Milton's next important poem, the Latin Epitaphium Damonis), but rather a record of the thoughts that King's death evoked in the poet. King had written verses himself and had prepared himself for the Church. These two facts of the dead man's career form the basis for what Milton had to say. Outwardly the poem is written in the tradition of pastoral poetry, and more particularly in the tradition of the pastoral elegy as exhibited in the ancient Greek Lament for Bion by Moschus. The poet is spoken of as a shepherd. But Milton introduces the innovation of identifying the Christian idea of shepherd (pastor) as meaning priest. In a wonderful fusion of pagan and Christian tradition, Milton makes his elegy the occasion for a scathing attack on the corruptions of the clergy in his time, with parenthetical thrusts of scorn at his trivial contemporaries, the Cavalier poets. Samuel Johnson, who disliked all pastoral poetry, made the one outstandingly foolish judgment of his career, in dismissing Lycidas as a work of an. He said its "diction is harsh, the rhymes uncertain, and the numbers unpleasing, "--a testimony of the fact that Johnson was deaf to the refinements of English poetry at its subtlest, for Lycidas is an exquisite piece of music from the first line through the last. Moreover, Johnson was upset at the mingling of "trifling fictions" with "the most awful and sacred truths, such as ought never to be polluted with such irreverent combinations." That pronouncement can only mean that Johnson failed to grasp the noble idea at the center of the poem: Milton's definition of the high function of a poet.

单选题As our eyes ranged over the broad shoulders of the mountain, the eoncepti0n of its ______ grew upon us.

单选题GLIMMER: DAZZLE

单选题We were ______ by the extent to which teacher's decisions served the interests of the school rather than those of the students. A. struck B. puzzled C. attracted D. misled

单选题If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stamps over to a table by himself. "Who is that?" the new arrival asked St. Peter. "Oh, that's God," came the reply, "but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor." If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn't attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system. If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it's the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark. Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected—a twist on a familiar quote "If at first you don't succeed, give up" or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggerations and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.

单选题The panel will consider whether or not Mr. Wilson has been______serious professional misconduct.