单选题If each of us does our part little by little, we can______ the lifespan of our planet and ourselves.

单选题By saying "Bill's gonna get this Country straight", the party attendants believe that ______.

单选题The earth is witnessing an urban revolution, as people worldwide crowd into towns and cities. In 1800 only five percent of the world's population were urban dwellers; now the proportion has risen to more than forty-five percent, and by the year 2010 more people will live in towns and cities than in the countryside. Humanity will, for the first time, have become a predominantly urban species. Though the world is getting more crowded by the day, absolute numbers of population are less important than where people concentrate and whether these areas can cope with them. Even densities, however, tell us nothing about the quality of the infrastructure--roads, housing and job creation, for exampleor the availability of crucial services. The main question, then, is not how many people there are in a given area, but how well their needs can be met. Density figures have to be set beside measurements of weaith and employment, the quality of housing and the availability of education, medical care, clean water, sanitation and other vital services. The urban revolution is taking place mainly in the Third World, where it is hardest to accommodate. Between 1950 and 1985 the number of city dwellers grew more than twice as fast in the Third World as in industrialized countries. During this period, the urban population of the developed world increased from 477 million to 838 million, less than double; but it quadrupled in developing countries, from 286 million to 1.14 billion. Africa's urban population is racing along at five percent a year on average, doubling city numbers every fourteen years. By the turn of the century, three in every four LatinAmericans will live in urban areas, as will two in every five Asians and one in every three Africans. Developing countries will have to increase their urban facilities by two thirds by then, if they are to maintain even their present inadequate levels of services and housing. In 1940 only one out of every hundred of the world's people lived in a really big city, one with a population of over a million. By 1980 this proportion had already risen to one in ten. Two of the world's biggest cities, Mexico and Sao Paulo, are already bursting at the seams--and their populations are doubling in less than twenty years. About a third of the people of the Third World's cities now live in desperately overcrowded slums and squatter settlements. Many are unemployed, uneducated, undernourished and chronically sick. Tens of millions of new people arrive every year, flocking in from the countryside in what is the greatest mass migration in history. Pushed out of the countryside by rural poverty and drawn to the cities in the hope of a better life, they find no houses waiting for them, no water supplies, no sewerage, no schools. They throw up makeshift hovels, built of whatever they can find: sticks, fronds, cardboard, tarpaper, straw, petrol tins and, if they are lucky, corrugated iron. They have to take the land none else wants; land that is too wet, too dry, too steep or too polluted for normal habitation. Yet all over the world the inhabitants of these apparently hopeless slums show extraordinary enterprise in improving their lives. While many settlements remain stuck in apathy, many others are gradually improved through the vigour and cooperation of their people, who turn flimsy shacks into solid buildings, build school, lay out streets and put in electricity and water supplies. Governments can help by giving the squatters the right to the land that they have usually occupied illegally, giving them the incentive to improve their homes and neighborhoods. The most important way to ameliorate the effects of the Third World's exploding cities, however, is to slow down the migration. This involves correcting the bias most governments show towards cities and towns and against the countryside. With few sources of hard currency, though, many governments in developing countries continue to concentrate their limited development efforts in cities and towns, rather than rural areas, where many of the most destitute live. As a result, food production falls as the countryside slides ever deeper into depression. Since the process of urbanization concentrates people, the demand for basic necessities, like food, energy, drinking water and shelter, is also increased, which can exact a heavy toll on the surrounding countryside. High-quality agricultural land is shrinking in many regions, taken out of production because of overuse and mismanagement. Creeping urbanization could aggravate this situation, further constricting economic development. The most effective way of tackling poverty, and of stemming urbanization, is to reverse national priorities in many countries, concentrating more resources in rural areas where most poor people still live. This would boost food production and help to build national economies more securely. Ultimately, though, the choice of priorities comes down to a question of power. The people of the countryside are powerless beside those of the towns; the destitute of the countryside may starve in their scattered millions, whereas the poor concentrated in urban slums pose a constant threat of disorder. In all but a few developing countries the bias towards the cities will therefore continue, as will the migrations that are swelling their numbers beyond control.

单选题As the city has become increasingly ______ and polluted, there has been a growing realization that certain action is urgently needed.

单选题It is easy to take a watch______, but difficult to put it back together.

单选题More poles are needed to ______ the weight of the tent.

单选题She is a woman of______who has never abandoned her principles for the sake of her own benefits.(上海交通大学2007年试题)

单选题Unless I was ______ mistaken, there was. something wrong with Louise.

单选题The waste pipe is blocked, try ______ it out with hot water, or just call the plumper to do it.(2006年中国矿业大学考博试题)

单选题The Winfields are a quite conventional family.

单选题An analysis of the ideas in the novel compels an analysis of the form of the work, particularly when form and content are as ______ as they are in The House of the Seven Gambles.

单选题The police are trying to find out the ______ of the man killed in the accident.

单选题To get the ship back into full working order would ______ spending huge amounts of money and effort.

单选题{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}} The vegetative forms of most bacteria are killed by drying in air, although the different species exhibit pronounced differences in their resistance. The tubercle bacillus is one of the more resistant, and vibrio cholera is one of the more sensitive to drying. In general, the encapsulated organisms are more resistant than the non-encapsulated forms. Spores are quite resistant to drying; the spores of the anthrax bacillus, for example, will germinate after remaining in a dry condition for ten years or more. The resistance of the pathogenic forms causing disease of the upper respiratory tract is of particular interest in connection with airborne infection, for the length of time that a droplet remains infective is a result, primarily, of the resistance of the particular microorganism to drying.

单选题______seeing the damage he had done, the child felt ashamed.

单选题More boys than girls are born all over the world, but a new study has found that the closer people live to the equator(赤道), the smaller the difference becomes. No one knows why. The imbalanced sex ratio at birth has been known for more than a hundred years, and researchers have found a large variety of social, economic and biological factors that relate to the sex ratio at birth-war, economic stress, age, diet, selective abortion and more. But latitude(纬度)is a natural phenomenon, unaffected by cultural or economic factors. To look at the effect of latitude, Kristen J. Navara of the University of Georgia used the latitude of the capital city in 202 countries, as well as 10 years of data on sex ratio at birth and annual variations in day length and temperature. Dr. Navara performed a statistical analysis which showed that there was a significant relation between sex ratios in favor of boys and latitude. African countries produced the lowest sex ratios—50. 7 percent boys—and European and Asian countries had the highest with 51. 4 percent. There are some possible explanations, but none entirely satisfactory. It could be that there is some survival value in producing more girls in warmer regions, but it is unclear what this might be. There may be genetic or racial differences that could explain it, but the connection persists over so many varied populations that this seems unlikely. Mice also produce more male offspring during shorter days or colder weather, but the reasons in these animals are just as mysterious as they are in humans. " There's a possibility that humans might be responding to factors they were programmed to respond to a long time ago-not cultural or socioeconomic, but climate and things like latitude," Dr. Navara said. " What's interesting is that we may be seeing something that connects us with our animal ancestry. "

完形填空 Culture shock might be called an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. Like most ailments, it has its own symptoms and cure. Culture shock is precipitated by the 51 that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs or cues include the thousand and one ways in which we 52 ourselves to the situation of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say, when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and when to 53 invitations, when to take statements seriously and 54 . These cues, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are 55 a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend 56 our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which we do not carry 57 conscious awareness. Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are 58 . He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded or full of goodwill you may be, a series of props have been knocked 59 you, followed by feeling of frustration and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort. 'The ways of the host county are bad because they make us feel bad' When foreigners in a strange land get together to grouse about the 60 country and its people, you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock.

完形填空During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a“free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 【A1】_____the idea of taking the class because, afterall, who doesnt want to 【A2】_____a few dollars? More than that, Id always wanted to learn chess. And,even if I werent 【A3】_____enough about free credits, news about our 【A4】_____was appealing enough to me. Hewas an international grand master, which 【A5】_____I would be learning from one of the games 【A6】_____. I couldhardly wait to【A7】_____him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this【A8】_____was no gamefor him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 【A9】_____that our credits would be hard-earned.In order to【A10】_____the class among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to【A11】_____whatwe would learn in class to our future professions and【A1】_____to our lives. I managed to get an A in that【A13】_____and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the【A14】_____.Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, Im still putting to use what he【A15】_____me: “the absolutemost important 【A16】_____that you learn when you play chess is how to make good【A17】_____.On every single move you have to【A18】_____a situation, process what your opponent is doing and【A19】_____thebest move from among all your options.” These words still ring true today in my【A20】_____as a journalist.

完形填空Directions: Reading the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blankfrom the four choices marked A, B, C or D.A four-year college degree, seen for generations as a ticket to a better life, is【A1】______enough to guaranteea steadily rising paycheck.Just ask Bea Dewing. After she earned a bachelor’s degree—his second—in computer science fromMaryland’s Frostburg State University in 1986, she enjoyed almost unbroken advance in【A2】______ eventually earning $89,000 a year as a data modeler for Sprint Corp in Lawrence, Ken. Then, in2002, Sprint laid her off.“I thought I might be looking a few weeks or months at most,” says Ms. Dewing, now 56 yearsold.【A3】______she spent the next six years in a career wilderness, starting in internet cafe that didn’t succeed,working【A4】______job and low-end positions in data processing, and fruitlessly【A5】______hundreds of job postings.The low point came around 2004 when a recruiter for Sprint—now known as Sprint NextelCorp.—called seeking to fill a job similar to the one she【A6】______two years earlier, but paying barely athird of her old salary.In April, Ms. Dewing finally landed a job【A7】______her old one in the information technology departmentof Wal-Mart Store Inc.’s headquarters in Bentonville, Ark, where she relocated. She【A8】______about 20%less than she did in 2002, adjusted for inflation, but considers herself fortunate, and wiser.A degree, she says, “isn’t any big guarantee of employment, it’s a basic【A9】______, a step you have to taketo【A10】______be considered for many professional jobs.” A college degree may not take you as far as you’dexpect, although there may still be a few fields where a bachelor’s degree still remains a worthyinvestment.