问答题Youareaskedtowriteacompositioninnolessthan150wordsaccordingtothechartgivenbelow.RemembertowriteclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(1)以上图为依据描述发展中国家的预期寿命(lifeexpectancy)和婴儿死亡率(inrantmortality)的变化情况。(2)说明引起变化的原因。

问答题Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. You should write at least 250 words. You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.

问答题 56. Real estate, in broad definition, is land and everything made permanently a part thereof, and the nature and extent of one's interest therein. In law, the word real, as it relates to property, means land as distinguished from personal property; and estate is defined as the interest one has in property. Real estate may be acquired, owned, and conveyed (or transferred)by individuals; business corporations; charitable, religious, educational, fraternal, and various other nonprofit corporations; fiduciaries, such as trustees and. executors; partnerships; and generally by any legal entity as determined and defined by the laws of the various states of the U.S. Limitations are established in connection with sales of real estate by minors, incompetents, and certain types of corporations, and generally in eases involving some form of legal disability or lack of capacity. 57. In such instances, it is necessary in some jurisdictions to make application to the courts for permission to sell; in other jurisdictions such transfers are governed by statute. 58. Real property is generally acquired by purchase, by descent and devise, or by gift. When acquired by purchase, a deed is given by the seller, or grantor, to the purchaser, or grantee. The deed contains a legal description of the property conveyed; it must be drawn, executed, and acknowledged in proper form to be entitled to record. 59. It is customary for the seller and the purchaser to enter into a contract, at which time the purchaser makes a deposit on account of the purchase price. 60. The purchaser engages an attorney or a title company to search the title to the property. The title company ensures that the seller can convey clear title, the transaction is then closed.

问答题这可能听起来显得离奇，然而现已完成了一些试验，它们显示，这仍应是正确的解释。在一家医院的婴儿室里，几组新生婴儿被安排听很长时间的每分钟72次的标准速率的心跳录音。每组有9名婴儿，结果发现，当心跳录音停放时，其中一个或更多的婴儿60%的时间在啼哭，但是当心跳录音卜卜响起时，啼哭的时间降到了38%。听心跳声的那几组婴儿的体重的增长也高于另几组婴儿，虽然两者食物的摄取量是相等的。显然，未听心跳声的几组婴儿由于使劲啼哭的行为而消耗了多得多的能量。

问答题Cancer is used generically for more than 100 different diseases, including malignant tumors of different sites such as breast, stomach, colon, lung and mouth. (1) The disease arises principally as a consequence of individual exposure to the substances that cause cancer in what individuals inhale, eat and drink, or are exposed to in their personal or work environment. Personal habits, such as tobacco use, dietary and physical activity patterns--well as occupational and environmental conditions--rather than genetic factors, play the major roles in the development of cancer. Many of the chronic diseases risk and the diseases themselves overlap. In developed countries, cancer is the second-biggest cause of death after cardiovascular disease (CVD), and epidemiological evidence points to this trend emerging in the less developed world. This is particularly true in countries of "transition" or middle income countries such as in South America and Asia. Already more than half of all cancer cases occur in developing countries. There are approximately 20 million people living with cancer at the moment; by 2020 there will an estimated 30 million. And the impact is far greater than the number of cases alone would suggest. (2) Regardless of prognosis, the initial diagnosis is often perceived bv patients as life-threatening, with over one-third of sufferers experiencing clinical anxiety and depression. Cancer can also be profoundly distressing as well as economically disruptive to patients' families. The clinical care of cancer patients is a costly element in public health budgets. (3) Dietary factors are estimated to account for approximately 30% of cancers in Western countries, making diet second only to tobacco as a preventable cause of cancer. This proportion is thought to be about 20% in developing countries and is projected to grow. As developing countries become urbanized, patterns of cancer, particularly those most strongly associated with diet and physical activity, tend to shift towards the patterns of economically developed countries. Cancer rates also change as populations move between countries and adopt different dietary patterns. The relative importance of cancers as a cause of death is increasing. The incidence of lung cancer and cancers of the colon and breast generally increases in parallel with economic development, as stomach cancer declines. Cancer is also strongly associated with social and economic status. Cancer risk factors are highest in groups with the least education. In addition, patients in the lower socioeconomic classes have consistently poorer survival rates than those in higher social class. In recent years, substantial evidence has pointed to the link from overweight and obesity, to many types of cancer such as breast and kidney. (4) The composition of the diet is also important since fruit and vegetables may have a protective effect by decreasing the risk for some cancer types such as oral and gastric cancer. Regular physical activity has also been seen to have a protective effect in reducing the risk of breast cancer. High intake of preserved meat or red meat might be associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. Another aspect of diet clearly related to cancer risk is the high consumption of alcoholic beverages, which convincingly increase the risk of oral cavity, liver and breast cancers. The wealth of knowledge that already exists about cancer risk factors provides obvious and ample scope for action to reduce the cancer burden of all countries. After tobacco, overweight and obesity seems to be the most important avoidable cause of cancer. (5) Given that poor nutrition, physical inactivity, obesity, tobacco and alcohol are risk factors common to other chronic diseases such as CVD, type 2 diabetes, and respiratory diseases, conducting a cancer prevention program within the context of an integrated chronic disease prevention program would be an effective national strategy.

问答题Topic : There have been instances of students humiliating (侮辱) their teacher at school. What do you think is the cause for such happenings?

问答题The oil price is also a big risk, mainly because the Bush administration appears determined to attack Iraq. The probability of war could easily push the oil price back into the $ 35 ～ $ 40 a barrel range for at least a few months. In effect, that would impose a big new tax on consumer spending and corporate profits. The prospect of monetary tightening and a sharp increase in the oil price suggests that late 2002 and early 2003 could be a period of great volatility for the US economy.

问答题TOPIC According to some statistics, by the end of 2009, the resident (常住人口) in Beijing has reached 17 million, not to mention the large floating population and the number is becoming bigger. Do you think the population in Beijing should be controlled? Why or why not?

问答题Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below. Use the proper space on your ANSWER SHEET II. How to Reduce Traffic Accidents?

问答题Directions: Write an essay of no less than 150 words about your viewpoints to/opinion on the writing class for the Ph. D students.

问答题Plagiarizing, or representing someone else's ideas or words as your own, will cause problems for people in any stage of life. Students get flunked for it and it even cost Joe Biden a shot at becoming the US President in 1988. Please elaborate in your writing on how to avoid plagiarism, either on pupose or by accident. You should write at least 200 words.

问答题两只中国小老虎踏上了前往南非的7000英里征程，在那儿，动物专家将教给它们狩猎的技能。 这对分别名为“国泰”和“希望”的华南虎来自上海动物园的狭小围栏，它们将去南非的一处面积为1235英亩的自然保护区。 老虎在香港机场转机的时候，“拯救中国虎基金会”的创始人全莉对记者说：“那里有空间让他们活动，但我们的最终目的是将它们带回中国，带回它们生活了数百万年的故乡。” 全莉说，南非有一些专家有这方面的经验，能让生在囚笼中的大型猫科动物学会如何在野外生存。大型猫科动物天生就懂得追逐猎物，但却要通过学习才能掌握捕杀猎物的技能。按照中国政府的说法，生存在野外的华南虎不足30只，另有60只在动物园里。 老虎是亚洲的特有动物，目前正趋于绝灭。这一方面是因为它们的自然生活环境遭到破坏，另一方面则是由于人们对虎鞭之类产品的需求造成的。亚洲一些地方的人们认为虎鞭能增强性功能。 “拯救中国虎基金会”打算在今后5年中将另外5至7只虎崽运到南非，然后从2008年开始将它们及其后代放养到华南一个专设的自然保护区里。

问答题(1)But there is a sphere of action in which society, as distinguished from the individual, has, if any, only an indirect interest, comprehending all that portion of a person's life and conduct which affects only himself, or if it also affects others, only with their free, voluntary, and undeceived consent and participation. When I say only himself, I mean directly, and in the first instance; for whatever affects himself, may affect others through himself; and the objection which may be grounded on the contingency will receive consideration in the sequel. This, then, is the appropriate region of human liberty, It comprises, first, the inward domain of consciousness; demanding liberty of conscience, in the most comprehensive sense; liberty of thought and feeling; absolute freedom of opinion and sentiment on all subjects, practical or speculative, scientific, moral, or theological. (2)The liberty of expressing and publishing opinions may seem to fall under a different principle; since it belongs to that part of the conduct of an individual which concerns other people; hut, being almost of as much importance as the liberty of thought itself, and resting in great part on the same reasons, is practically inseparable from it. Secondly, the principle requires liberty of tastes and pursuits; of framing the plan of our life to suit our own character; of doing as we like, subject to such consequences as may follow: without impediment from our fellow creatures, so long as what we do does not harm them, even though they should think our conduct foolish, perverse, or wrong. (3) Thirdly, from this liberty of each individual follows the liberty, within the same limits, of combination among individuals; freedom to unite, for any purpose not involving harm to others; the persons combining being supposed to be of full age, and not forced or deceived. (4) No society in which these liberties are not, on the whole, respected, is free, whatever may be its form of government: and none is completely free in which they do not exist absolute and unqualified. The only freedom which deserves the name, is that of pursuing our own good in our own way, so long as we do not attempt to deprive others of theirs, or impede their efforts to obtain it. (5) Each is the proper guardian of his own health, whether bodily or mental and spiritual. Mankind are great gainers by suffering each other to live as seems good to themselves, than by compelling each to live as seems good to the rest.

问答题A lot of people today are animal rights advocates. Some of them are very passionate and even quite radical about the issue. But others argue that "human rights" will always take priority. In fact, in many places even the most basic human rights are not adequately protected. So why animal rights? What do you think? And why?

问答题{{B}}TOPIC{{/B}} Good management can help the organization achieve its desired results. This is particularly true of the management of an organization full of scientists and research workers. What is your idea about a good management or a good manager of such a group of people?

问答题(1)书籍引导我们进入优秀的社会群体，将我们带到伟大的思想家面前。读书中我们耳闻目睹他们的言行举止，仿佛见到了他们活生生的身影，我们同情他们的遭遇，与他们有乐共享、有难同当。他们的遭遇似乎也成为了我们的经历，使我们感到我们自己有点像在他们所描绘的情景中扮演角色。 (2)名声、财产和权力等都是身外之物，人人都可求而得之，但没有人能够代替你感受人生。如果你真正意识到这一点，你就会明白，人生在世最重要的事就是活出你自己的特色和滋味来。你的人生是否有意义，衡量的标准不是外在的成功，而是对人生意义的独特领悟和追求。 (3)中国坚持以人为本的科学发展观，着力构建和谐社会，改革开放和现代化建设取得了新的进展。经济持续发展，政治更加民主，社会全面进步，人民生活进一步提高，并呈现出不断改善和全面发展的良好局面。

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following passage carefully and then translate each underlined part into Chinese. 71.{{U}}You know as well as I do that scientists who misuse their science and their knowledge in order to make nuclear arms, or poison gas, or to manipulate genes could always be found and can still be found. I have often wondered what is going on in the minds of such people. {{/U}}Do they not know what they are doing? Are they tempted in their well-paid jobs by the men behind the scenes? Or are they so obsessed with the hatred of an alien ideological concept or a foreign nation that they accept any means to kill their enemies, even though they are certainly aware that the whole world may be destroyed? 72. {{U}}Without doubt we can only agree with the Russian academician and biologist W. A. Engelhardt, who raised the question of the increasing responsibility of scholars and scientists in view of increasing global dangers, in the origin of which their creators, that is to say the scientists, have participated. {{/U}}Above all this reproach is directed towards the natural sciences. Nevertheless we are not able to and will not slow down the process of scientific progress. There is no way back into some illusive idyll. The people who are dangerous are those who, wherever they are in the world, dedicate their knowledge and their talents to killing or even to possible world war. I think it is also a task for peace research to investigate the personality, the psyche, the motivations of scientists who believe in the possibility of solving the serious problems of humankind by technological means. A still typical example of such narrow-mindedness was and unfortunately still is the assumption that SDI ( Strategic Defense Initiative) could eliminate the danger of a nuclear strike against the USA. 73. {{U}}We must always be aware---to loosely cite the reflections of the English Nobel prize winner M. H. F. Wikins--that dealing with science does not necessarily turn us into better human beings. {{/U}}On the contrary, research work that corresponds with our ideals demands very much from us as human beings. We need a great sense of responsibility and much energy in order to conduct creative research work for peace, and we have to remain modest in order as scientists to maintain our humanity.

问答题Describe children surfing the net briefly and give your comments.