问答题老子在中国传统思想史上的主要贡献表现在：一是提出了抽象的“道”，突出了宇宙的统一性，使中国传统思想从具体思维转向创造性的抽象思维：二是丰富发展了辩证法思想，使辩证思想成为中国古代思想的光荣传统：三是提出了一种逆向思维的模式，使道家思想与儒家思想并立互补，成为中国传统思想的两大主干思想。

问答题美国政党唯一的最大弱点是不能在立法机关获得凝聚力。尽管政党内部存在一定的协调性，但是多数党不能执行重要法规的现象并不罕见。在竞选运动期间，存在很强的协调性。初选以后，失利的候选人都承诺要支持党内的候选人。到国会召开会议时，协凋性已经消失。这种现象可以归因于党派政治的分裂本质。国家委员会的成员们只不过是从名义上获得奴仆们效忠的一些封建领主，国会议员把自己的权力建立在狭隘的基础之上。因此，国会议员很可能关心当地的一些特殊利益集团。这种迹象体现在参议院和众议院选举方式的差异之中。在任期更长的参议院，政党的协调性更加显著。

问答题Directions: Write a composition of no less than 200 words on the following topic on the Answer Sheet(2): Opportunity and Success.

问答题“经济软着陆”，“让经济刹车”不少这类描述金融政策的词语听起来令人觉得这是一门严谨的科学。事实上绝非如此。利率与通货膨胀率之间的联系并不是确定的。政策变化对经济产生影响这些会出现为时不短而且变化莫测的滞后期。因此人们将金融政策的实施比喻为驾驶一辆挡风玻璃灰暗、后视镜破碎而且方向盘失灵的破车。 虽然有这么多不利因素，但近来央行的银行家们似乎有了不少可以夸耀的东西。七大工业国经济的通货膨胀率去年平均降到了2.3%，接近三十年以来的最低水平，今年七月才微微上扬到2.5%，比许多国家70年代和80年代早期的两位数通货膨胀率低多了。 这也比大多数预言家的预测要低。《经济学家》每月都要邀请一些经济专家座谈，1994年底特邀的经济专家们说，1995年美国的平均通货膨胀率将达到3.5%。事实上，八月份就降到了2.6%，而且，全年的通货膨胀率有望维持在3%左右。在英国和日本通货膨胀率比去年年底预计的低半个百分点。这决不是昙花一现，在过去两三年里，英美两国的通货膨胀率持续低于预期数值。 特别让经济学家惊诧不已的是，英美两国的通货膨胀率带来的是良性结果，因为传统的衡量办法表明两国，特别是美国的经济几乎没有出现滑坡。比如，在今年早些时候，美国的生产力利用率创历史新高，而失业率(八月份为5.6%)却低于多数人预测的自然失业率。而在过去，失业率低于此，通货膨胀率就会上升。 为什么通货膨胀未造成什么冲击?可惜的是，最令人振奋的解释也不是无懈可击。某些经济学家认为，巨大的世界性的结构变化已打破了原有的以经济增长和通货膨胀之间的历史联系为基础的旧的经济模式。

问答题Genius The greatest results in life are usually attained by simple means, and the exercise of ordinary qualities. The common life of every day, with its cares, necessities, and duties, affords ample opportunity for acquiring experience of the best kind; and (56) its most beaten paths provide the true worker with abundant scope for effort and room for self-improvement. (57) The road of human welfare lies along the old highway of steadfast well-doing; and they who are the most persistent, and work in the truest spirit, will usually be the most successful. Fortune has often been blamed for her blindness; but fortune is not so blind as men are. (58) Those who look into practical life will find that fortune is usually on the side of the industrious, as the winds and waves are on the side of the best navigators. In the pursuit of even the highest branches of human inquiry, the commoner qualities are found the most useful— such as common sense, attention, application, and perseverance. Genius may not be necessary, though even genius of the highest sort does not disdain the use of these ordinary qualities. (59) The very greatest men have been among the least believers in the power of genius, and as worldly wise and persevering as successful men of the commoner sort. (60) Some have even defined genius to be only common sense intensifiers. A distinguished teacher and president of a college spoke of it as the power of making efforts. John Foster held it to be the power of lighting one's own fire. Buffon said of genius "it is patience".

问答题调查表明，很少有人能够完全献身于自己的事业。

问答题You are required to write about 200 words on the following topic: "Greediness is the root of all evil".

问答题When there is a heavy rain in the north of China, cities and towns are often flooded. But heavy rains in southern cities seldom pose severe problems. When there is a heavy snow in the south of China, cities and towns often run into chaos. But heavy snows in the north seldom pose severe problems. What should city planners do to deal with this and what do you think of the different ways of dealing with it?

问答题Write an essay in no less than 200 words entitled "Opportunities and Challenges with the Coming of Globalization ".

问答题Passage One How to Get Preserved as a Fossil

问答题大学教育的最终目标是什么?这是一个经常萦绕在心头的极为重要的问题。大学教育阶段是一个人一生中价值观得以形成、个人的兴趣和爱好凸现的时期。学生们是处于人生期望值最高的时候步人大学校园的。因此，大学教育应该使学生们拥有坚实的基础教育，并在某——专业领域有所特长；应该使学生们充满想像力，学以致用；学校应该鼓励每位学生提高在生活以及行为中明辨常理的能力。大学的目的不是向学生进行思想灌输，而是让他们在思想的国度里畅游，为他们提供良好的氛围，以培养正确的伦理道德观，并形成坚定的信念。

问答题{{U}}(1)For me, scientific knowledge is divided into mathematical sciences, natural sciences or sciences dealing with the natural world (physical and biological sciences), and sciences dealing with mankind (psychology, sociology, all the sciences of culture achievements, every kind of historical knowledge).{{/U}} Apart from these sciences is philosophy about which we will talk shortly. In the first place, all this is pure or theoretical knowledge, sought only for the purpose of understanding, in order to fulfill the need to understand what is intrinsic and consubstantial (一体的) to man. (2) {{U}}What distinguishes man from animal is that he knows and needs to know. If man did not know that the world existed, and that the world was of a certain kind, that he was in the world and that he himself was of a certain kind, he wouldn't be man.{{/U}} (3) {{U}}The technical aspects of applications of knowledge are equally necessary for man and are of the greatest importance, because they also contribute to defining him to pursue a life increasingly more truly human.{{/U}} But even while enjoying the results of technical progress, he must defend the primacy and autonomy of pure knowledge. (4) {{U}}Knowledge sought directly for its practical applications will have immediate and foreseeable success, but not the kind of important result whose revolutionary scope is in large part unforeseen, except by the imagination of the Utopians.{{/U}} Let me recall a well known example. It the Greek mathematicians had not applied themselves to the investigation of conic (圆锥的) sections, zealously and without the least suspicion that it might someday be useful, it would not have been possible centuries later to navigate far from shore. The first men to study the nature of electricity could not imagine that their experiments, carried on because of mere intellectual curiosity, would eventually lead to modern electrical technology, without which we can scarcely conceive of contemporary life. (5) {{U}}Pure knowledge is valuable for its own sake, because the human spirit cannot resign itself to ignorance. But, in addition, it is the foundation for practical results that would nor have been reached if this knowledge had not been sought disinterestedly{{/U}}.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. In the spring of 1720, when all of London was clamoring for shares in the South Sea company, Sir Isaac Newton was asked what he thought about the market. "I can calculate the motions of the heavenly bodies, but not the madness of the market", the scientist and master of the mint is reputed to have replied. 71. {{U}}Newton should have considered seriously his own wise words. Having sold his ￡7, 000 of stock in the company, he later bought back in at the top of the boom and went down for ￡20, 000.{{/U}} Like all the other mug punters in every bout of speculative fever, Newton was cleaned out when the crash came. Little has changed in the intervening 280 years. 72. {{U}}Common to every bubble is the deeply-rooted belief that this time it will be different, that the rise in the price of an asset is rooted in the sound common sense rather than in recklessness, stupidity and greed.{{/U}} Take the crash of 1929 for example. In his excellent book charting the sad history of bubbles, John Moody, the founder of the credit agency intoned in 1927 that "no one can examine the panorama (全貌) of business and finance in America during the past half-dozen years without realizing that we are living in a new era." The Yale economist Irving Fisher declared a few weeks before the October crash that stock prices had reached a "permanently high plateau". Why was this? Simple. The creation of the Federal Reserve in 1913 had abolished the business cycle, while technological breakthroughs had created a "new economy" that was much more profitable than the old. 73. {{U}}As share prices continued their heady rise, traditional methods of stock market valuations were abandoned. It did not matter that many of the start-up companies of the late 1920s were not making any money, what counted was that some day they surely would.{{/U}} So share prices were justified by discounted future earnings.

问答题In this part, you are asked to write an essay according to the outline given. Your composition should be about 200 words. Remember to write clearly and logically. After writing, please check your composition in terms of the following writing basics: unity, support, coherence, and error-free sentences. Significance of Education on TV(1)电视教育为许多人提供了受教育的机会。(2)电视教育起的作用。(3)政府应采取的措施。

问答题Can Money Buy Happiness?

问答题那时，任何胆量小一点的人都不敢想到我们应该扩大研究生的招生规模。

问答题Directions: You are required to write about 200 words on the following topic "Studying, Abroad".

问答题受海啸影响最轻的马来西亚，在海啸发生后，当地的第二大支柱产业——旅游业——大受影响。1月19日马来西亚旅游部门的相关官员就表示，政府也在积极地采取对策，希望能尽快地恢复各国游客的信心。马来西亚旅游局官员表示，海啸中马来西亚没有外国游客死亡，旅游设施也完好，受影响的西岸一些酒店已经正常营业。