问答题Two teams of astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope have overturned several decades of conjecture and theory by ruling out the possibility that small, dim stars make up most of the mass in the universe. Until now, small stars known as faint red dwarfs were considered ideal candidates for the so-called "dark matter" that is believed to account for more than 90 percent of the mass of the universe. All visible celestial objects, such as planets, stars and galaxies, are believed to account for only 10 percent of the mass of the universe. The rest of the "missing mass" is presumably invisible because it does not emit or reflect light, or the light is too feeble to be detected. But dark matter can be indirectly detected due to its gravitational influence on other visible objects. According to Bacall, professor of natural science at the Institute of Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey and leader of one of the teams, the nature of dark matter, and its abundance, are among the most important questions in modem cosmology today. The ultimate fate of the universe will be determined by the amount of dark matter present. If there is not enough dark matter to bind the universe together gravitationally, it could continue expanding forever. If there is enough mass to hold the universe together gravitationally, the universe may slow down its expansion, come to a halt and begin to contract and eventually collapse.

问答题在现今竞争激烈的社会中，每个人都免不了承受很多压力。这些心理的和社会的压力诱因包括亲密关系的破裂、家庭成员或朋友的去世、经济困境、角色冲突、超负荷工作、失业、歧视、健康不佳、照料年迈的父母、意外伤害和对人身安全的故意攻击。长期的压力会引起身体、情感和行为问题，而这些问题又会影响你的健康、精力、情绪以及人际关系，最终有损生活质量。最主要的是要学会释放压力。否则就会失去生理平衡，产生严重的心理问题，例如，抑郁症和精神错乱等。有些失意者因为无法处理压力，选择了自杀或者其他方式伤害自己。这是不值得的。保持健康向上的心态，勇于面对现实才是克服压力的好办法。

问答题A nation’s history must be both the guide and the domain not so much of its historians as its citizens.

问答题Directions: Write a composition of no less than 150 words about your opinions on academic plagiarism- the dishonest act in academic communication. Write your answer on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题According to the passage, the development of full touring companies was aided by

问答题能源危机是人类所面临的一个大问题。 2．面对这个问题许多国家都采取了相应的措施。 3．开发替代能源是人类唯一的选择。

问答题It is of the last importance that English criticism should clearly discern what rule of its course, in order to avail itself of the field now opening to it, and to produce fruit for the future, it ought to take, which may be summed up in one word—disinterestedness.

问答题Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below． Good management can help the organization achieve its desired results. This is partic ularly true of the management of an organization full of scientists and research workers.What is your idea about a good management or a good manager of such a group of people? Good Management Can Help the Organization Achieve Its Desired Results

问答题实验室工作的惟一任务就是使学生养成初步的实验能力。要达到这一目的，最好的办法就是让学生在解决简单的实验问题中获得一些经验。

问答题We do not make mistakes on the basis of race of color. We do not make them because we are male or female, young or old. We do not make mistakes of choice or judgment because we want to make mistakes. We make them because we are human. Mistakes, bad judgments, the stupid things we do are all a part of being human. We cannot hide from who we are. We should not hide from what we do. When we acknowledge our mistakes or errors and face up to our human shortmings, no one can use them against us.

问答题Outlines: 1) Brief introduction of the sandstorms in North China. 2) Analyze the reasons. 3) My suggestions.

问答题Despite the web, we watch more television than ever. In the chaos of today"s media and technology brawl- iPod vs. Zune, Google vs. Yahoo, windows vs. Linux, Intel vs. AMD--we can declare one unlikely winner. Standing tall in a field of new tech wonders, it"s a geezer technology that are invented in the 1920s and commercialized in the 1940s, and it"s still more powerful than any thing created since. (1) As you try to figure out where consumer infotech is going, and what it means for society, remember this big, central reality: People just want more television. If you doubt it, look at today"s biggest news in tech. It continually centers on new ways to bring consumers the thing they crave above all else. (2) Sony flooded the recent Consumer Electronics Show with products that put Intemet video on your TV set, as did almost every other consumer electronics company. At the simultaneous Macworld Expo, Apple chief Steve Jobs introduced Apple TV. which does the same thing. Verizon said it will soon offer live TV on cellphone screens. It will also sell full-length programs for viewing whenever you want. Put it all together, and we have achieved a nirvana that didn"t exist even a year ago: unlimited television available 24 / 7 on every screen you own. It"s no surprise, of course. (3) Ever since the basic facts of steadily multiplying processor power and bandwidth became apparent, seers have confidently predicted this day. They just as confidently predicted what it would mean: traditional television"s demise. Once the World Wide Web appeared in the mid-1990s, the future looked very clear. Boring old TV, the scheduled programs that come to you through a coaxial cable or satellite dish or antenna, would fade away. (4) Which is exactly the opposite of what has happened. Despite many Net Age alternatives, we Americans today watch more boring old TV than ever, which is saying something. How can that be? My theory is the Two-Liter Coke Principle. The Coca--Cola company discovered long ago that if it could get people to bring home bigger bottles of Coke, those people would drink more than they used to. Just getting more Coke in front of them increased their consumption. It seems to be the same with TV. Put more of it in front of people-- over 100 channels in many homes--and people will watch more. Seen from this perspective, the latest announcements of new TV-related technology look simply like additional ways to put more TV in front of American consumers. The supposed threat from the Internet was that we"d cut back on TV as we spent more time on MySpace or in Second Life. We may well spend more time on such new Net attractions, but we"re unlikely to take that time away from video viewing. We"re more likely to cut back on things we consider less important, like sleep. (5) No one has evaluated TV better than the great New Yorker essayist E. B. White, who in 1938 wrote, "We shall stand or fall by television, of that I am sure." We still don"t know which it wilt be, but his assessment looks truer than ever.

问答题 TOPIC: What Is the Most Urgent Issue Facing the World People in the 21st Century? State your reasons.

问答题Your essay should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

问答题我将在本书中进一步阐述的理论是，文字不能代表事物，因而不能反映现实。

问答题老弱病残孕专座。

问答题71.One of the major pleasures in life is appetite, and one of our major duties should be to preserve it. Appetite is the keenness of living; it is one of the senses that tells you that you are still curious to exist, that you still have an edge on your longings and want to bite into the world and taste its multitudinous flavors and juices. By appetite, of course, I don't mean just the lust for food, but any condition of unsatisfied desire, any burning in the blood that proves you want more than you've got, and that you haven't yet used up your life. Wilde said he felt Sony for those who never got their heart's desire, but it nearly killed me, and I've always preferred wanting to having since. For appetite, to me, is this state of wanting, which keeps one's expectation alive. I remember learning this lesson long ago as a child, when treats and orgies were few, and when I discovered that the greatest pitch of happiness was not in actually eating a toffee but in gazing at it beforehand. True, the first bite was delicious, but once toffee was gone one was left with nothing, neither toffee nor lust. Besides, the whole toffeeness of toffees was imperceptibly diminished by the gross act of having eaten it. No, the best wasin wanting it, in sitting and looking at it, when one tasted an inexhaustible treasure-house of flavors. 72. For that matter, I don't really want three square meals a day—I want one huge, delicious, orgiastic, table-groaning blow-out say every four days, and then not be too sure where the next one is coming from. A day of fasting is not for me just a puritanical device for denying oneself a pleasure, but rather a way of anticipating a rarer moment of supreme indulgence. So, for me, one of the keenest pleasures of appetite remains in the wanting, not the satisfaction, in wanting a peach, or a whisky, or a particular texture or sound, or to be with a particular friend. For in this condition, of course, I know that the object of desire is always at its most flawlessly perfect. Which is why I would carry the preservation of appetite to the extent of deliberate fasting, simply because I think that appetite is too good to lose, too precious to be bludgeoned into insensibility by satiation and over-doing it. Fasting is an act of homage to the majesty of appetite. So I think we should arrange to give up our pleasures regularly—our food, our friends, our lovers—in order to preserve their intensity, and the moment of coming back to them. For this is the moment that renews and refreshes both oneself and the thing one loves. Sailors and travelers enjoyed this once, and so did hunters, I suppose. Part of the weariness modern life may be that we live too much on tip of each other, and are entertained and fed too regularly. Once we were separated by hunger both from our food and families, and then we learned to value both. The men went off hunting, and the dogs went with them; the women and children waved goodbye. The cave was empty of men for days on end; nobody ate, or knew what to do. The women crouched by the fire, the wet smoke in their eyes; the children wailed; everybody was hungry. Then one night there were shouts and the barking of dogs from the hills, and the men came back loaded with meat. 73. This was the great reunion, and everybody gorged himself and appetite came into its own; the long-awaited meal became a feast to remember and an almost sacred celebration of life. Now we go off to the office and come home in the evenings to cheap chicken and frozen peas. Very nice, but too much of it, too easy and regular. We eat, we are lucky, our faces are shining with fat, but we don't know the pleasure of being hungry anymore. Too much of anything—too much music, entertainment, happy time spent with one's friends—creates a kind of impotence of living because of which one can no longer hear, or taste, or see, or love. Life is short and precious, and appetite is one of its guardians, and loss of appetite is a sort of death. So if we are to enjoy this short life we should respect the divinity of appetite, and keep it eager and not too much blunted. It is a long time now since I knew that acute moment of bliss that comes from putting parched lips to a cup of cold water. The springs are still there to be enjoyed—all one needs is the original thirst.