问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following passage carefully and then translate each underlined part into Chinese. 56.{{U}}Analysts have had their go at humor, and I have read some of this interpretative literature, but without being greatly instructed. Humor can be dissected, as a frog can, but the thing dies in the process and the innards are discouraging to any but the pure scientific mind.{{/U}} In a newsreel theater the other day I saw a picture of a man who had developed the soap bubble to a higher point than it had ever before reached. He had become the ace soap bubble blower of America, had perfected the business of blowing bubbles, refined it, doubled it, squared it, and had even worked himself up into a convenient lather. The effect was not pretty. Some of the bubbles were too big to be beautiful, and the blower was always jumping into them or out of them, or playing some sort of unattractive trick with them. It was, if anything, a rather repulsive sight. Humor is a little like that: it won't stand much blowing up, and it won't stand much poking. It has a certain fragility, an evasiveness, which one had best respect. Essentially, it is a complete mystery. A human frame convulsed with laughter, and the laughter becoming mysterious and uncontrollable, is as far out of balance as one shaken with the hiccoughs or in tike throes of a sneezing fit. 57.{{U}} One of the things commonly said about humorists is that they are really very sad people--clowns with a breaking heart. There is some truth in it, but it is badly stated. It would be more accurate, I think, to say that there is a deep vein of melancholy running through everyone's life and that the humorist, perhaps more sensible of it than some others, compensates for it actively and positively- Humorists fatten on trouble. They have always made trouble pay.{{/U}} 58. {{U}}They struggle along with a goodwill and endure pain cheerfully, knowing how well it will serve them in the sweet by and by. You find them wrestling with foreign languages fighting folding ironing boards and swollen drainpies the terrible discomfort of tight boots. They pour out their sorrows profitably, in a form that is not quite a fiction nor quite a fact either. Beneath the sparking surface of these dilemmas flows the strong tide of human woe.{{/U}} 59. {{U}}Practically everyone is a manic-depressive of sorts, with his up moments and his down moments, and you certainly don't have to be a humorist to taste the sadness of situation and mood. But there is often a rather fine line between laughing and crying, and if a humorous piece of writing brings a person to the point where his emotional responses are untrustworthy and seem likely to break over into the opposite realm, it is because humor, like poetry, has an extra content.{{/U}} It plays close to the bit hot fire which is Truth, and sometimes the reader feels the heat.

问答题Topic: With her entry into the WTO , China is being plunged into an internation al competition for talents, and in particular, for higher-level talents. To face this new challenge, China must do something, among other things, to reform her gradu- ate (postgraduate) education system. State your opinion about this reform, and give the solid supporting details to your viewpoint.

问答题现今，越来越多的人居住在城市。因此，交通繁忙，但通常道路不足，而且很多道路太窄。这就是交通事故多的原因。在全世界的市中，成千上万的人死伤于交通事故，因此交通事故也就有那么多。 为什么会发生交通事故呢?有人说是那些使用道路的人的问题。这就意味着指每一个行人。如果大家都小心一点，事故就不会发生。你同意吗? 也有人说，我们应当改善道路情况。“改善”是指“建造得更好些”，我们把道路修得更宽更直一些来改善道路。交通事故通常发生在狭窄的道路上或拐弯处。驾驶员看不到拐角的地方，他们不能看到其他车辆迎面开来。所以有时候，汽车就会相撞。如果道路改善了，拐角就会有所改变。道路不再急转弯了，而是慢慢地拐弯。你知道拐弯是指什么吗? 交通事故也经常发生在道路交叉处。那里通常有交通灯。交通灯使一条道路上的车辆停住，让另一条道路上的车辆通过，从而避免车辆相互碰撞。有时候，十字路口没有交通灯而有警察执勤。在有些地方，道路并不交叉，而是一条道路在另一条道路上通过。如果你坐在汽车里经过这里，你似乎会感到正在飞越下面的一条道路。

问答题人生需要一种境界：恬静的心态——他饮他的花酒，我喝我的清茶。面对别人成功与荣耀的光环能泰然处之，因为我明白那掌声已有所属。即使匆匆忙忙赶过去，也不会有成功等着你。如果跟着别人，永远都只能摸着成功的尾巴。惟一的选择只有自己创业。自我安定不是找一个安定的所在，而是在纷乱的环境中保持安定的心境，就像荷花出污泥而不染。只有达到这一境界才能掌握自己的命运，才能做到“他饮他的花酒，我喝我的清茶”。

问答题Like the population explosion, the scientific and technological revolution began to pick up speed slowly during the eighteenth century. And this ongoing revolution has also suddenly accelerated exponentially. For example, it is now an axiom in many fields of science that more new and important discoveries have taken place in the last ten years than in the entire previous history of science. While no single discovery has had the kind of effect on our relationship to the earth that nuclear weapons have had on our relationship to warfare, it is nevertheless true that taken together, they have completely transformed our cumulative ability to exploit the earth for sustenance—making the consequences of unrestrained exploitation every bit as unthinkable as the consequences of unrestrained nuclear war.

问答题从20世纪中叶起，各国政府对科学技术的重视引起了各级教育机构的响应，理论科学和应用科学的巨大进步也激起了人们学习自然科学的兴趣，科学技术因此而有了飞速的发展。但与此同时，人们忽视了对人文科学和社会科学的学习，公民对道德观念和社会准则在生活中的意义缺乏认识。这在一定程度上导致了以下后果：地方、民族和国际间的暴力冲突层出不穷，环境污染日益严重，这些都给人类生活带来了危险。因此，在教育中应纠正重理轻文的倾向，在生活中恢复人文主义的价值，以求物质文明和精神文明的平衡发展。

问答题人们很容易被暂短的友谊所蒙蔽，这种友谊看起来牢固，而实际上是表面的(superficial)。友谊与友善不是同义词。美国人待人友善，但这并不意味着发展友谊，暂短的接触并不表明将来愿意继续保持联系。只有当人们拥有共同的兴趣、爱好和共同的人生观时，持久的友谊才有可能发展。美国社会高度的流动性也是造成人们不能保持长久友谊的原因之一。

问答题Directions: In this part, you are required to write a composition entitled Should Universities in China Expand Their Enrollment in no less than 200 words. Your composition should be based on the following outline: 1. Some people think that universities should expand their enrollment. 2. Others do not think that universities should expand their enrollment. 3. Your comments on this issue.

问答题In an essay entitled Reflection on Plagiarism, you are expected to make your comments on this issue in about 250 words.

问答题Directions: Please read the following article in Chinese carefully, and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET. Make sure that you cover all the major points of the article. 数月前，比尔·克林顿和托尼·布莱尔联合宣布了科学史上最伟大的成就之一：揭秘人类基因组或日“生命之书”。2月份，科学家们首次一展实验证据，在《自然》和《科学》两杂志上发表了官方的人类基因组序列论文。 两家旗鼓相当的测序对手机构——公共人类基因组计划和美国生物技术赛莱拉公司——完成了大量的科学论文。他们给出的最令人惊讶的结论是：人类拥有的基因数那么少，只不过3万个左右。这与小鼠的基因数目相当，是果蝇或线虫基因数目的两倍。绝大多数科学家预测人类有10万个基因，有的科学家则估计达14万个。 美国怀特海德基因组研究中心主任埃里克·兰德说：“这么少的基因数目对人类的尊严似乎是某种冒犯啊。” 正如赛莱拉总裁克雷格·温特所说的那样，“基因无所谓‘好’、‘坏’，只存在着不同层次、不同联系的网络活动，以及对干扰作出反应的敏感程度的不同。一个基因等于一种疾病，或说一个基因制造一种关键性的蛋白质的学说，已被彻底否定。” 没有人能说出究竟有多少蛋白质。这个问题的答案需要等上几年，由新兴的蛋白质学告诉我们。蛋白质学是继基因组学之后即将出现的新学科。但是，温特博士估计人类有25万种不同的蛋白质，也就是说每一个基因负责大约10个蛋白质，从而执行人体内的基本任务。 一些专家说，未料到人类基因数目如此少，但这对医学可能是个好消息，因为这样需要弄明白的基因就较少。不好的是，从相反的角度来看，它们也会发挥同样的功能，即基因间的复杂相互作用有可能对像利用基因疗法中改变一、两个基因就能治病的过程带来更大的困难。但这也有可能部分地解释了为什么基因疗法在过去十多年的临床实践中一直给出令人失望的结果。而新兴的干细胞技术用有潜能的新细胞替代失去功能的细胞，有可能产生更理想的结果，因为病人一下子接受到的是全部完整的遗传系统。 发现DNA差异是人类基因组工程未完成工作的最重要的一个部分。例如，这可能是药物基因组学的基础，这也就解释了为什么患某种特殊疾病的某些人比另一些人对某种药物治疗反应好的原因。 研究工作的另一个途径是把人类基因组与其他动物的作详细对比。它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。同时，技术专家们正在忙着降低DNA测序成本，即个人基因组可以在基因芯片上按程序读出。哈佛大学利佩尔计算遗传学中心主任乔治·丘奇指出，将来一个人基因组的信息可以存放在计算机的DVD盘里。 注意：写作部分要求50分钟内完成。

问答题 Early in life, too, we become seized with the bizarre idea that we are constantly assaulted by invisible monsters called germs, and that we have to be on constant alert to protect ourselves against their fury, but equal emphasis is not given to the presiding fact that our bodies are superbly equipped to deal with the little demons and the best way of forestalling an attack is to maintain a sensible lifestyle.

问答题Topic: What is the most urgent issue facing the world people in the 21st century? State your reasons.

问答题试给“美国文化”下一定义。 2．说说你通过哪些途径学习美国文化。 3．谈谈你从研究美国文化中获得了哪些收获。

问答题Also, prejudice and chauvinism still exist in the workplace. While we like to think female managers have achieved parity with men, this isn't tree. The glass (some say concrete) ceiling still exists in many places. So, if you're a minority, consider how this is affecting your advancement chances. Don't be bitter, but do get busy. It may be time to get out and find something better.

问答题For example, electronic communication filters out and alters much of the subtle ty, warmth, contextuality, and so on that seem important to fully human, morally en gaged interaction. That is one reason many Japanese and European executives persist in considering face-to-face encounter essential to their business dealings and why many engi neers, too, prefer face-to-face encounter and find it essential to their creativity.

问答题Suppose you are a major in Environmental Engineering of the Harbin Institute of Technology. After graduation you decide to pursue study in the graduate school in State University of New York. Write a letter of application for admission, which should include the following points:1)make an application;2)provide your personal information and academic documents;3)express your hope for a reply.

问答题One hundred countries representing 4.5 billion people have signed the global treaty aimed at curbing tobacco use, which now claims nearly 5 million lives every year and causes an estimated an num net loss of $200 billion in treatment and lost productivity, the United Nations health agency reported. The treaty requires signed countries to restrict tobacco advertising, sponsorship and promotion, set new labeling and clean indoor air controls and strengthen legislation to clamp down on tobacco smuggling. At the time of its unanimous adoption last May by WHO's 192 members, the agency warned that the annual death toll of 4.9 million, if left unchecked, could double by 2020. The tobacco epidemic is still expanding, especially in developing countries where currently seven out of every 10 tobacco-related deaths occur, according to WHO. At current rates, the total number of tobacco users is expected to rise to 1.7 billion by 2025 from 1.3 billion now. The European Community (EC) has also signed the treaty as a regional economic integration organization, while its member states sign and ratify the treaty individually.

问答题Topic When do you think is the best time for a college candidate to decide on his major: before going to college or while enrolled in college? Provide your reasons and supporting details.