翻译题在大多数经济部门，都是卖家试图用价格、质量、用途等各种诱惑来吸引潜在的买家，而买家做出是否购买的决定。然而，在医疗产业，医患关系却是生产者和消费者之间一般关系的镜像(mirror image)。一旦一个人决定看医生的话，通常是医生做出所有重大的消费决定：患者是否下个星期一再来，是否需要x光透视，是否要开药，等等。

翻译题Consider the survey evidence, which shows that while most Americans want to have both science and religion in their lives, they’ ll only go so far to preserve the former at the expense of the latter.

翻译题1

The weekly radio program is on ______.

{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} Trees are so common arid quiet that we pay them little mind. What, for instance, should we answer when asked to name the biggest living thing Earth has ever seen? Dinosaurs? Blue whales? No, the largest sequoias in northern California weigh more than six blue whales. The tallest redwoods and Australian eucalyptus trees tower more than 300 feet high, three times the length of the greatest dinosaur. {{U}} (71) {{/U}}Some bristlecone pine trees in the American West are more than 4, 000 years old, seedlings at the time the Egyptians were building the Pyramids. Trees sustain our lives and our planet in a thousand practical ways. This morning at breakfast—in your wood-framed house, on your wooden kitchen table—you might have enjoyed orange juice or a grapefruit. Both come to use from trees. Over your French toast you may have sprinkled cinnamon and nutmeg, the powdered bark and nuts of tropical trees. That quart of maple syrup on your table was boiled down from roughly 10 gallons of sap from a sugar-maple tree.{{U}} (72) {{/U}}Do you like chocolate, almonds, cola beverages.'? Cocoa beans, almonds and kola nuts are tree products. Frees do more than mule life pleasant; they make life possible. Trees get water through their roots and, primarily through their leaves, they draw carbon dioxide from the air. Then, with the action of sunlight on cells containing chlorophyll and other materials, chemical reactions occur, and oxygen is released.{{U}} (73) {{/U}} Photosynthesis also produces glucose, a type of sugar. Trees convert some of the glucose to starch, which they use for energy storage. The cellulose fiber we call wood is made of thousands of glucose molecules linked into giant chains that no longer taste sweet. {{U}} (74) {{/U}}The ancient Greeks, for example, treated pain with a tea made by boiling willow leaves and bark, a tea modern scientists now know contains silicon, a precursor of acetylsalicylic acid—aspirin.{{U}} (75) {{/U}}More recently, researchers isolated and synthesized the chemical ginkgolide from the tree for use in treating asthma, toxic shock and other ills. A. For centuries, the Chinese have derived medicines from the ginkgo tree. B. Through photosynthesis, an acre of trees produces enough oxygen to sustain three humans. C. As scientists unlock the secrets of trees, they uncover surprising tacts. D. Trees have always been green machines, producing substances that humans learned to use. E. You think, at 150 or more years, giant tortoises can live a long time? F. And the morning newspaper was printed on the processed wood pulp we call paper.

The weekly radio program is on ______.

{{B}}Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}{{I}} Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.{{/I}}{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition (学会) of each new skill--the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.

Now, more than ever, it doesn't matter who you are but what you look like. Janet was just twenty-five years old. She had a great job and seemed happy. She committed suicide. In her suicide note she wrote that she felt "un-pretty" and that no man ever loved her. Amy was just fifteen when hospitalized for eating disorders. She suffered from both anorexia and bulimia. She lost more than one hundred pounds in two months. Both victims battled problems with their body image and physical appearance. "Oh, I'm too fat." "My butt is too big and my breasts too small." "I hate my body and I feel ugly." "I want to be beautiful." The number of men and women who feel these things about themselves is increasing dramatically. I can identify two men categories of body-image problems: additive versus subtractive. Those who enhance their appearance through cosmetic surgery fall into the additive group; those who hope to 'improve their looks through starvation belong to the subtractive category. Both groups have two things in common: They are never satisfied and they are always obsessed. Eating disorders afflict as many as five to ten million women and one million men in the United States. One out of four female college students suffers from an eating disorder. But why? Carri Kirby, a University of Nebraska mental health counselor, says that body image and eating disorders are continuum addictions in which individuals seek to discover their identities. The idea that we should look a certain way and possess a certain shape is instilled in us at a very early age. Young girls not only play with Barbie dolls that display impossible, even comical, proportions, but they are also bombarded with images of supermodels. These images leave an indelible mental imprint of what society believes a female body should look like. Kirby adds that there is a halo effect to body image as well: "We immediately identify physical attractiveness to mean success and happiness." The media can be blamed for contributing to various body-image illnesses. We cannot walk into a bookstore without being exposed to perfect male and female bodies on the covers of magazines. We see such images every day--in commercials, billboards, on television, and in movies. These images continually remind women and young girls that if you want to be happy you must be beautiful, and if you want to be beautiful you must be thin. This ideal may be the main objective of the fashion, cosmetic, diet, fitness, and plastic surgery industries who stand to make millions from body-image anxiety. But does it work for us? Are women who lose weight in order to be toothpick thin really happy? Are women who have had breast implants really happy? What truly defines a person? Is it his or her physical appearance or is it character? Beauty is supposed to be "skin deep." But we can all be beautiful inside. People are killing themselves for unrealistic physical standards dictated by our popular culture. We need to be made more aware of this issue. To be celebrity-thin is not to be beautiful nor happy. It can also be unattractive. Individuals who are obsessed with their bodies are only causing damage to themselves and their loved ones. But as long as the media maintain their message that "thin is in," then the medical and psychologies problems our society faces will continue to grow.

Lisa Sasha Olaf Reading too interesting 1． 2． Essays hand writing word limit 3． Plagiarism Lectures 4． 5． x Seminars 6． 7． 8．

There are three separate sources of hazard (21) to the use of nuclear reaction to sup ply us with energy. Firstly, the radioactive material must travel from its place of manufac ture to the power station. (22) the power stations themselves are solidly built, the con tainer used for transport of the material are not. Unfortunately , there are (23) only two methods of transport available, namely, road or rail, and both of these (24) close con tact with the general public, (25) the routes are (26) to pass near, or even through, crowdedly populated areas. Secondly, there is a problem of wastes. All nuclear power stations produce wastes which (27) will remain radioactive for thousands of years. It is (28) to de-active these wastes, and so they must be stored (29) one of the ingenious but cumbersome ways that scientists have invented. For example, they must be buried under the ground or sunk in the sea. However, these (30) do not solve the problem completely, they merely store it, since an earthquake could (31) open the containers like nuts. Thirdly, there is the problem of accidental exposure (32) to a leak or an explosion at the power station. Compared with the other two hazards, this is not very likely and does not provide a serious (33) to the nuclear program, (34) it can happen, as the inhabitants of Har risburg will tell you. Separately, and during short periods, these three types of risk are no great cause for concern. Taken together, though, and especially (35) much longer periods, the proba bility of a disaster is extremely high.

{{B}}Part Ⅱ Cloze{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}{{I}} Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.{{/I}} Most people who travel long distance complain of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone {{U}}(21) {{/U}}making mistakes. It is actually caused by {{U}}(22) {{/U}} of your "body clock" --a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological {{U}}(23) {{/U}}. The body clock is designed for a {{U}}(24) {{/U}}rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it {{U}}(25) {{/U}} daylight and darkness at the "wrong" times in a new time zone. The {{U}}(26) {{/U}} of jetlag often persist for days {{U}}(27) {{/U}} the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone. Now a new anti-jetlag system is {{U}}(28) {{/U}} that is based on proven {{U}}(29) {{/U}} pioneering scientific research. Dr, Martin Mooreede had {{U}}(30) {{/U}} a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone {{U}}(31) {{/U}}controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates {{U}}(32) {{/U}} of the discomfort of jetlag. A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either {{U}}(33) {{/U}} or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule {{U}}(34) {{/U}} light exposure depends a great deal on {{U}}(35) {{/U}} travel plans.

Then felt like some watcher of the skies When a new planet swims into his ken, Or like stout Cortez, when with eagle eyes He stared at the Pacific--and all his men Looked at each other with a wild surmise-- Silent, upon a peak in Darien. --Keats With these well loved lines John Keats recognized the most important geographical event in all the world, excepting only the feat of the Admiral Columbus himself. It was the discovery by European men of a vast sheet of water covering nearly 40 per cent of the globe--the ocean later to be named Pacific by Ferdinand Magellan because of its seeming tranquility. It is too bad that Keats' beautiful lines erred in naming stout Cortez instead of the equally stout Balboa, a hero of much courage and perseverance. Too bad it was, too, for the immortal Vasco Nunez de Balboa, that communications in his day were so slow and uncertain. Had they been better he might well have avoided losing his head for his pains in bringing renown to Spain and incalculable new knowledge to the civilized world. For lose it be did, under the axe at the insance of a jealous governor.

Motorways are, no doubt the safest roads in Britain. Mile (21) mile, vehicle for ve hicle, you arc much (22) likely to be killed or seriously injured than on an ordinary road. On (23) hand, if you do have a serious accident on a motorway, fatalities are much more likely to (24) than in a comparable accident (25) on the roads. Motorways have no (26) bends, no roundabouts or traffic lights and (27) speeds are much greater than on other roads. Though the 70 mph limit is (28) in force, it is of ten treated with the contempt that most drivers have for the 30 mph limit applying in built up areas in Britain. Added to this is the fact that motorway drivers seem to like traveling in groups with perhaps (29) ten meters between each vehicle. The resulting horrific pile-ups (30) one vehicle stops for some reason--mechanical failure, driver error and so on—have become all (31) familiar through pictures in newspapers or on television. How (32) of these drivers realize that it takes a car about one hundred meters to brake to a stop (33) 70 mph.9 Drivers also seem to think that motorway driving gives them complete protection from the changing weather. (34) wet the road, whatever the visibility in mist or fog, they (35) at ridiculous speeds oblivious of police warnings or speed restrictions (36) their journey comes to a conclusion. Perhaps one remedy (37) this motorway madness would be better driver educa tion. At present, learner drivers are barred (38) motorways and are thus as far as this kind of driving is (39) , thrown in at the deep end. However, much more efficient poli cing is required, (40) it is the duty of the police not only to enforce the law but also to protect the general public from its own foolishness.

{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} Humanlike animal behavior has a striking effect. Dogs and eats bolster our morale and make us feel special, because they offer us intense loyalty and do not criticize us.{{U}} (66) {{/U}} Many people need a caring role in order to feel that they matter, and pets make them feel needed. No matter what arrangements the humans in your life may have made for themselves, if you have a pet there is always someone who will miss you if you do not come home tonight. Taking in a pet can help children to have a greater sense of a contributing role in the family if they take responsibility for the pet's care. Similarly, a dog or cat can help parents whose children have grown up and left home — it can be an antidote to the "empty nest syndrome".{{U}} (67) {{/U}} Better self-esteem from pet ownership and having someone to care for are of benefit to the lonely. Pets also combat the understimulation that lonely people suffer.{{U}} (68) {{/U}}Even when the animals you keep are not very human, they can help to combat the effects of loneliness by providing positive "solitary activity. {{U}} (69) {{/U}}Even by simply walking your dog in the park you are more likely to become involved with other people. Like babies in strollers, dogs on leashes are conversation ice-breakers—they are appealing, and it is socially safe to question strangers about them. A dog, cat or cagebird is someone to talk to. Most pet owners do not really look upon these companions as other species but rather as unique individuals, not quite as "animal" as their wild Brethren. They talk to their pets and feel that there is a reciprocal understanding of moods—a mute communication. And they feel free to say to pets what is really on their minds, thus releasing many of their everyday tensions and anxieties. {{U}} (70) {{/U}}Even a small but noisy dog is as effective at keeping burglars out as many sophisticated electronic systems. Its inherited urge to join in the cooperative defense of territory makes it the classic watch animal. A. A pet can also provide an outlet for those who have never had anyone to care for. B. Dogs, in particular, can also provide a sense of security. C. They do not lay down conditions for continuing to love us. D. Observations have recorded that men pet their dogs and cats every bit as much as women do. E. They are something to watch and something to keep you busy. F. Pets can also bring lonely people into contact with others who share an interest in annuals.

In recent years, teachers of introductory courses in Asian American studies have been facing a dilemma nonexistent a few decades ago, when hardly any texts in that field were available. Today, excellent anthologies (文选) and other introductory texts exist, and books on individual Asian Americans are published almost weekly. Even professors who are expels in the field find it difficult to decide which of these to assign to students; non-expels who teach in related areas and are looking for writings for and by Asian American to include in survey courses are in an even worse position. A complicating factor has been the continuing lack of specialized one-volume reference works on Asian Americans, such as biographical dictionaries or desktop encyclopedias. Such works would enable students taking Asian American studies courses (and professors in related fields) to look up basic information on Asian American individuals, institutions, history, and culture without having to wade through (费力地阅读冗长或艰深的材料) mountains of primary source material. In addition, given such works, Asian American studies professors might feel more free to include more challenging Asian American material in their introductory reading lists, since good reference works allow students to acquire on their own the background information necessary to interpret difficult or unfamiliar material.

The earth is witnessing an urban revolution, as people worldwide crowd into towns and cities. In 1800 only five per cent of the world's population were urban dwellers; now the proportion has risen to more than forty-five percent, and by the year 2010 more people will live in towns and cities than in the countryside. Humanity will, for the first time, have become a predominantly urban species. Though the world is getting more crowded by the day, absolute numbers of population are less important than where people concentrate and whether these areas can cope with them. Even densities, however, tell us nothing about the quality of the infrastructure—roads, housing and job creation, for example—or the availability of crucial services. The main question, then, is not how many people there are in a given area, but how well their needs can be met. Density figures have to be set beside measurements of wealth and employment, the quality of housing and the availability of education, medical care, clean water, sanitation and other vital services. The urban revolution is taking place mainly in the Third World, where it is hardest to accommodate. Between 1950 and 1985 the number of city dwellers grew more than twice as fast in the Third World as in industrialized countries. During this period, the urban population of the developed world increased from 477 million to 838 million, less than double; but it quadrupled in developing countries, from 286 million to 1.14 billion. Africa's urban population is racing along at five percent a year on average, doubling city numbers every fourteen years. By the turn of the century, three in every four Latin Americans will live in urban areas, as will two in every five Asians and one in every three Africans. Developing countries will have to increase their urban facilities by two thirds by then, if they are to maintain even their present inadequate levels of services and housing. In 1940 only one out of every hundred of the world's people lived in a really big city, one with a population of over a million. By 1980 this proportion had already risen to one in ten. Two of the world's biggest cities, Mexico and Sao Paulo, are already bursting at the seams—and their populations are doubling in less than twenty years. About a third of the people of the Third World's cities now live in desperately overcrowded slums and squatter settlements. Many are unemployed, uneducated, undernourished and chronically sick. Tens of millions of new people arrive every year, flocking in from the countryside in what is the greatest mass migration in history. Pushed out of the countryside by rural poverty and drawn to the cities in the hope of a better life, they find no houses waiting for them, no water supplies, no sewerage, no schools. They throw up makeshift hovels, built of whatever they can find. sticks, fronds, cardboard, tar-paper, straw, petrol tins and, if they are lucky, corrugated iron. They have to take the land none else wants; land that is too wet, too dry, too steep or too polluted for normal habitation. Yet all over the world the inhabitants of these apparently hopeless slums show extraordinary enterprise in improving their lives. While many settlements remain stuck in apathy, many others are gradually improved through the vigour and co-operation of their people, who turn flimsy shacks into solid buildings, build school, lay out streets and put in electricity and water supplies. Governments can help by giving the squatters the right to the land that they have usually occupied illegally, giving them the incentive to improve their homes and neighborhoods. The most important way to ameliorate the effects of the Third World's exploding cities, however, is to slow down the migration. This involves correcting the bias most governments show towards cities and towns and against the countryside. With few sources of hard currency, though, many governments in developing countries continue to concentrate their limited development efforts in cities and towns, rather than rural areas, where many of the most destitute live. As a result, food production falls as the countryside slides ever deeper into depression. Since the process of urbanization concentrates people, the demand for basic necessities, like food, energy, drinking water and shelter, is also increased, which can exact a heavy toll on the surrounding countryside. High-quality agricultural land is shrinking in many regions, taken out of production because of over-use and mismanagement. Creeping urbanization could aggravate this situation, further constricting economic development. The most effective way of tackling poverty, and of stemming urbanization, is to reverse national priorities in many countries, concentrating more resources in rural areas where most poor people still live. This would boost food production and help to build national economies more securely. Ultimately, though, the choice of priorities comes down to a question of power. The people of the countryside are powerless beside those of the towns; the destitute of the countryside may starve in their scattered millions, whereas the poor concentrated in urban slums pose a constant threat of disorder. In all but a few developing countries the bias towards the Cities will therefore continue, as will the migrations that are swelling their numbers beyond control.

There are so many bad things about women drivers, I don't know where to start. I guess I will get the bail rolling by talking about one of my biggest pet peeves. Why do women have to wait until they are in the car and barreling down the highway at sixty miles an hour before they decide it is time to put on their makeup? Is there a law that I don't know about that says women have to do their makeup in the car because the bathroom isn't good enough for them? I don't know if anyone has ever informed women, but the mirror in the car is not a makeup mirror. The mirror is used for looking at other cars and pedestrians. So please do us all a favor and do your makeup before you leave the house. The next order of business for the men should be to find out whose brilliant idea it was for women to have a phone in the car. This has disaster written all over it. Everyone knows that women can't even walk and chew gum at the same time, so how in the hell are they going to drive and talk on the phone? Why is it that every time you are sitting at a red light the woman in front of you thinks this is a good time to make a phone call? "HELLO LADY. THE LIGHT IS GREEN, GET OFF THE PHONE AND GO!" I really think we need to outlaw women using their cell phones while they drive. Another accident waiting to happen is when you get two women in the same car together. How many times have you seen two women just yakking away and the driver isn't paying attention to where she is going? There is either one of two things that happens when two women get in the car together. One. The women are talking and the driver doesn't see the stop sign in front of her, so she runs it. Two: The two women are talking and at the last minute the driver realizes there is her turn, so she stops really quick in front of you and you almost rear-end her. So women please pay more attention to your driving and, for the love of God, use your turn signals--they aren't there for decoration. I know all women out there are yelling at me and saying, "Women are better drivers than guys." If women were better drivers than men, why do guys drive on dates? Why don't women ever tell the guy, I will come pick you up? Why are almost all truck drivers guys? Why is it when a woman is going to move and she rents a U-Haul van, she always Calls a guy to drive it for her? When was the last time you watched a woman win the Indy 500 or Daytona 500? All of these questions .just go to prove why guys are the kings of the road.

Malnutrition during weaning age—when breast milk is being replaced by semi-solid foods—is highly prevalent in children of poor households in many developing countries. While the etiology (病因学) is complex and multifactorial, the immediate causes are recognized as feeding at less than adequate levels for child growth and development, and recurrent infections, including diarrhea, resulting mainly from ingestion of contaminated foods. As a result, many young children, particularly between six months to two years of age, experience weight loss and impaired growth and development. Studies by investigators in various countries have concentrated on traditional food preparation methods and have resulted in offering cheap and practical answers to these problems based on familiar, indigenous and culturally acceptable home processing practices. Two such answers have arisen. Firstly, cereal fermentation is used for reducing the risk of contamination under the existing inappropriate conditions for food preparation and storage in many households. Secondly, a tiny amount of sprouted grains flour is used in preparation of weaning foods as a magic way to lessen the viscosity without decreasing energy density. A method to eliminate pathogenic (致病的) bacteria and inhibit their growth during storage of weaning preparations can benefit nutrition and health in young children considerably. Use of fermented foods for feeding children of weaning age appears to be an effective solution. Fermented foods have lower levels of diarrhoeal germ contamination, they are suitable for child feeding, and can be safely stored for much longer periods of time than fresh foods. The practice has been a traditional way of food preservation in many parts of the world. The anti-microbial properties of fermented foods and their relative higher safety—documented since the early 1900's—have been indicated in a number of studies. In Ghana, it is common to ferment maize dough before cooking it as porridge. In Kenya, cereal-based porridge and milk are traditionally fermented. Preserving milk in the form of yogurt has been known to many households living in hot climate. What are the underlying mechanisms by which fermentation processes help to prevent or reduce contamination? A possible answer suggests that during the fermentation process foods become more acid. This explains why diarrhea-causing bacteria are not able to grow in fermented foods as rapidly as in unfermented ones. It is also hypothesized that some of the germs present in the foods are killed or inhibited from growing through the action of antimicrobial substances produced during fermentation. The fermented foods can, therefore, be kept for a longer time compared to fresh ones. It has been shown that while contamination levels in cooked unfermented foods increase with storage time, fermented foods remain less contaminated. Whatever the underlying mechanisms, the fact is that the exercise reduces contamination without adding to the household cost both in terms of time and money. Its preparation is easy. The cereal flour is mixed with water to form a dough which is left to be fermented; addition of yeast (酵母), or mixing with a small portion of previously fermented dough is sometimes needed. The dough can then be cooked into porridge for feeding to the child. Although beneficial, unfortunately the practice is going out of fashion, partly because of current emphasis on the use of fresh foods, particularly for children. For example, a study on the use of fermented foods for young children in Kenya, demonstrated that while foods are still frequently fermented at home for child feeding, their use is becoming less popular, particularly in urban area where commercial products are more available. Clearly they now need to be promoted.Directions: The statements below relate to the passage you have just read. Identify whether they are TRUE or FALSE and mark the corresponding letter (T for True and F for False) on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} Most scientists and engineers find careers in three general sectors of society: colleges and universities, industries, and federal and stale agencies. Their work includes an array of activities, from the conduct of basic and applied research to the design and application of new commercial products to the operation and maintenance of large engineering systems. You can make your planning more effective by appreciating the direction in which professional careers are shifting within that larger picture.{{U}} (66) {{/U}}But more than half the students who receive PhDs in science and engineering obtain work outside academe—a proportion that has increased steadily for 2 decades. And full-time academic positions in general are more difficult to find than they were during the 1960s and 1970s, when the research enterprise was expanding more rapidly. {{U}} (67) {{/U}}The end of the Cold War has removed some incentive for the federal government to fund defense-oriented basic research. Increased national and global competition has forced many industries to reduce expenses and staff. That means that there are fewer research and development positions in universities, industries, and government laboratories than there are qualified scientists and engineers looking for them. {{U}} (68) {{/U}}For example, there are strong public pressures for universities to shift their emphasis toward teaching and toward undergraduate education; the number of positions for permanent faculty has decreased; professors are no longer required to retire at a particular age; and more part-time and temporary faculty are being employed.{{U}} (69) {{/U}} In engineering, careers are being transformed by several intersecting trends.{{U}} (70) {{/U}}Companies value multilingual workers with a breadth of competencies—managerial as well as technical—and the ability to access and apply new scientific and technologic knowledge. The more flexible and mobile you can be, the more opportunities you will have and the greater will be your control over the shape of your career. A. Powerful changes have swept through the universities. B. All those trends 'affect the universities' ability to hire scientists and engineers. C. For example, increasing numbers of physicists, mathematicians, and engineers find their skills valued in the financial arena. D. International companies now draw employees from many nations, seeking out valued experts from a global pool of labor to work project by project. E. For example, for many students, a PhD will mean a career as an academic researcher. F. As our society changes, so too do the opportunities for careers in science and engineering.