填空题 One way of improving one's writing is to get into the habit of keeping a record of your observations, of storing {{U}}(46) {{/U}} in a note-book or journal. You should make notes on your experiences and on your {{U}}(47) {{/U}} of everyday life so that they are preserved. It is sad {{U}}(48) {{/U}} to be able to retrieve a lost idea that seemed brilliant when it flashed across your {{U}}(49) {{/U}}, or a forgotten fact that you need to make a point in a argument or to illustrate a conclusion. The journal habit has still {{U}}(50) {{/U}} value. Just {{U}}(51) {{/U}} you need to record observations--the material for writing--you need to practice putting thoughts on paper, learning to write is more like learning to ski {{U}}(52) {{/U}} it is like studying calculus or anthropology. Practice helps you discover ways to improve. Writing down ideas for your own use forces you to examine them. Putting thoughts on paper for someone else to read {{U}}(53) {{/U}} you to evaluate not {{U}}(54) {{/U}} the content--what you say but also the expression {{U}}(55) {{/U}} you say it. Many writers have benefited from this habit.

填空题Solving a problem can be broken into several steps. First, the problem must be identified correctly. Psychologists refer 1 this step as problem representation. For many problems, figuring 2 which information is relevant and which is extraneous can be difficult and can interfere 3 arriving at a good solution. Clearly, before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious 4 the problem is, however, this is not as easy 5 it might seem. One obstacle to efficient problem representation is functional fixedness, that is, allowing preconceived notions and even prejudices to color the facts. Moat people tend 6 see objects and events in certain fixed ways, and by being inflexible in viewing the problem, they may be unable to notice the tools 7 the solution. Once the problem is identified accurately, 8 , the second step consists 9 considering the alternatives for a solution. A common way to evaluate alternatives is to write them 10 and then make a list 11 advantages and disadvantages for each solution. Here again, people may be limited by prior experiences. Often people adopt mental sets 12 lead them to the same problem-solving strategies that were successful for problems 13 the past. Although that can be helpful most 14 the time, sometimes a new situation requires a different strategy. 15 that case, the mental set must be abandoned, and new alternatives must be explored.

填空题Student life at American universities is chaotic during the first week of each quarter or semester. Registering for classes, becoming familiar (51) the buildings (52) campus, (53) books, adding and dropping classes, and (54) fees are confusing for everyone. During this busy period there is little time for students to anticipate (55) they will later encounter in the classroom. International students, (56) to their countries' educational expectations, must adapt (57) new classroom norms in a foreign college or university. Whereas in one country prayer may be acceptable in a classroom, in another it may be (58) . In some classrooms around the world students must humbly obey their teacher's commands and remain absolutely silent during a class period. In (59) , students may talk, eat and smoke during lectures as (60) as criticize a teacher's methods or contradict his or her statements. It is not always easy to understand a new educational system. There is considerable variety in university classrooms in the United States. Because of diverse teaching methods and non-standardized curricula, no two courses are (61) . Undergraduate courses are considerably different from graduate courses. The classroom atmosphere in expensive, private universities may differ from (62) in community college s (63) are free and open to everyone. State-funded universities have different requirements and expectations than (64) parochial colleges. (65) , there are shared features in American college and university classrooms (66) the diversity of educational institutions of higher learning. Participation (67) the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade (68) the student's oral participation. Although there are formal lectures during (69) the student has a passive role(i, e. , listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussions, student questions, and informal lectures. In graduate seminars the professor has a "managerial" role and the students (70) presentations and lead discussions. The students do the actual teaching in these seminars.

填空题The (severity) of the housing problem (is stemmed) from (a shortage) of space and lack of (funds). A. severity B. is stemmed C. a shortage D. funds

填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} For each numbered bracket in the following passage, fill in a suitable word in the blank on the ANSWER SHEET. Are you always sure you know what people mean when they try to describe their feelings to you? We use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be interpreted in different ways. It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language. So{{U}} (41) {{/U}}. laughter or crying. There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show the{{U}} (42) {{/U}} feeling. Tigers and humans, for example, often show their teeth when they are angry. This is probably{{U}} (43) {{/U}}such behavior patterns are inherited rather than{{U}} (44) {{/U}}. Fear is another emotion that is shown in{{U}} (45) {{/U}}the same way all over the world. In Chinese and in English fiction, a phrase like "he went pale and began to tremble" suggests that the man is{{U}} (46) {{/U}}very afraid or has just had a very nasty shock. However, "he opened his eyes wide" is used to suggested anger in Chinese{{U}} (47) {{/U}}in English it conveys surprise. In Chinese surprise can be described in a phrase like "they stretched{{U}} (48) {{/U}}their tongues". Sticking out your tongue in {{U}}(49) {{/U}}is an insulting gesture or expresses disgust. Even in the same{{U}} (50) {{/U}}, people differ{{U}} (51) {{/U}}their ability to interpret and express feelings. Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men{{U}} (52) {{/U}}recognizing fear, anger, love and happiness on people's faces. Disgust, contempt and suffering seem to {{U}}(53) {{/U}}the most difficult emotions for people everywhere either to recognize or to{{U}} (54) {{/U}}. Other studies have{{U}} (55) {{/U}}that older people usually find{{U}} (56) {{/U}}easier to interpret body language the way (people stand or move etc. ) than younger people{{U}} (57) {{/U}}. And psychologists such as E. G. Beier have also shown that some people frequently give completely the wrong impression of{{U}} (58) {{/U}}they feel. For instance, they try to show affection but in fact actually communicate dislike. Or when want to show interest, they give the impression that they don't care. This can happen even among close friends and members of the same family. In{{U}} (59) {{/U}}words, what we think we are communicating through language, voice, face and body movement may be the exact{{U}} (60) {{/U}}of what other people understand.

填空题In the 20th century the equipping of bathrooms became a separate industry with a wide variety of special forms of bathroom furniture and fixtures. The materials used are porcelain, enamel, plastic, wood and ______ steel. (stain)

填空题Assuming that a constant travel-time budget, geographic constraints and short-term infrastructure constraints persist as fundamental features of global mobility, what long term results can one expect? In high-income regions, (41) North America, our picture suggests that the share of traffic (42) supplied by buses and automobiles will decline as high-speed transport rises sharply. In developing countries, we (43) the strongest in crease to be in the shares first for buses and later for automobiles. Globally, these (44) in bus and automobile transport are partially offsetting. In all regions, the share of low speed mil transport will probably continue its strongly (45) decline. We expect that throughout the period 1990--2050, the (46) North American will continue to devote most of his or her 1.1-hour travel-time (47) to automobile travel. The very large demand (48) air travel (or high-speed mil travel) that will be manifest in 2050 (49) to only 12 minutes per person a day; a iittle time goes a long way in the air. In sev eral developing regions, most travel (50) in 2050 will still be devoted to nonmotorized modes. Buses will persist (51) the primary form of motorized transportation in developing countries for decades. (52) important air travel becomes, buses, automobiles and (53) low speed trains will surely go on serving vital functions. (54) of the super-rich already com mute and shop in aircraft, but average people will continue to spend most of their travel time on the (55) . 41.

填空题(Contrary to) the opinion of the committee members, the chairman insisted (on) appointing (whomever) he thought could do the job (the most adequately). A. Contrary to B. on C. whomever D. the most adequately

填空题Knowledge of microscopic anatomy was greatly expanded during the 20th century as a result of the development of microscopes that provided much greater resolution and magnification than had conventional mstruments, thus revealing formerly unclear or ______detail. (visible)

填空题The existing town school has a reputation for good work. (reputed) ______.