单选题After years of research, Charles Drew devised a procedure for preserving plasma. A. transporting B. saving C. reusing D. labeling

单选题As spring unfolds across North America, tornadoes once again are in the news. It's a reminder that the United States is the severe-storm capital of the world. Describing this status recently in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Elbert W. Friday Jr., National Weather Service director, observed that "the United States experiences more severe local storms and flooding than any other country in the world. " He added that a typical year brings "some 10000 violent thunderstorms, 5000 floods, and 1000 tornadoes. " Yet the country is not helpless before this onslaught, thanks to advances in meteorological knowledge and in the forecast and warning system, the tornado death rate, for example, has been cut in half in recent decades. It's down from nearly 2000 per decade 60 years ago to less than 1000 per decade today. Now the weather service is poised for what Mr. Friday calls "a meteorological revolution. " Sharp-eyed new radars, more vigilant weather satellites, and computerized-information handling will bring what he calls "dramatic improvements in... forecasts and.., detection of and warnings for severe weather. " This is particularly true for tornadoes. These funnel-shaped circulations develop in association with severe thunderstorms. As the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colo., explains, the funnels often form at the thundercloud base. But tornado spotters also have to watch what's happening on the ground. The first clue may be swirling dust and debris. Of the 710 to 1000 tornadoes reported annually in the US, about 79 percent are what the American Meteorological Society calls " weak ". About 20 percent are "strong" About 1 percent are "violent". Weak funnels last under 10 minutes and have wind speeds on the order of 110 miles per hour. They leave ground tracks less than a mile long and 100 yards wide. Although called "week", they are potentially dangerous, while their short lifetimes make timely warnings difficult. Strong tornadoes last from 10 minutes to more than two hours. Maximum winds, as estimated from damage surveys, range up to 280 mph or higher. A single thunderstorm cell may produce these powerful tornadoes in cycles. Each such sequence may last for tens of minutes. It can leave damage trails over 100 miles long by 1000 yards wide. Tornadoes have touched towns throughout North America in every month of the year. But NCAR notes that they occur predominantly over the Great Plains and Midwest and are common in Easter states and the Gulf of Mexico. Their region of most frequent occurrence begins near the Gulf Coast in March and shifts toward Kansas, Iowa, and Nebraska by May and June. A weather satellite Launched April 13 will help forecasters monitor this tornado "season". The $220 million GOES-8 (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite), the first of five improved weather "eye", can pinpoint storms to within 1.2 miles, compared with 6.2 to 12.4 miles for the old system. A new class of radars is also part of the meteorological "revolution". Unlike their predecessors, they sense motion of clouds, rain, and wind-borne debris. There will be 150 such radar sites. The National Weather Service will have 121. The Federal Aviation Agency and the Department of Defense will operate the other installations and share data with the Weather Service.

单选题The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise. Millions of individuals became (1) in a variety of aerobic activities, and (2) thousands of health spas (3) around the country to capitalize on this (4) interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed (5) to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their (6) was not on aerobics, (7) on weight-training programs de signed to develop muscular mass, (8) , and endurance in their primarily male (9) These fitness spas did not seem to benefit (10) from the aerobic fitness movement to bet ter health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs (11) few, if (12) , health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become in creasingly (13) for males and for females. Many (14) programs focus not only on devel oping muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well. (15) , most physi cal-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily (16) such fitness components have been related to (17) in athletics. (18) , in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health (19) as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now (20) that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans.

单选题Before many people buy a car, a television or a washing machine, they shop around for the best deal. Yet, when some of these people find themselves in a position in which a second medical opinion is a good idea—when facing a difficult operation, for example, —they are unwilling to go further. Sometimes it doesn"t matter. But sometimes it can lead to the wrong treatment, even death. A number of psychological roadblocks get in the way of second medical opinions, but one of the most common is the fear of hurting the feelings of the doctors, and the possible result of that. People may think that in bringing up that they want to get a second opinion they"re questioning the doctor"s ability, so in the interest of not hurting the feeling of him they don"t suggest it. Another reason people avoid getting a second opinion is fear of the second doctor giving them worse news than the first. Says Balyk: "You fear that if you go for, say, an ingrown toenail, he"ll tell you that the toe must come off." The most important consideration is that it"s in your self interest to get another opinion—and it may not be worse. Then, most people trust, even give great respect to their doctors, and regard them as with godlike qualities. So they trust their doctor is right, and don"t ask for a second opinion. In fact, it doesn"t even occur to them that they should. But you should remember that the doctor is a human being—just like you. And sometimes, when people are sick, they become childlike. They put all types of good feelings onto the doctor and just let him take over. At other times, obtaining that second opinion just seems like too much work. But remember, sometimes getting that second medical opinion can mean the difference between life and death.

单选题AIDS is causing great public concern because the ______ fatal disease hits primarily young people.

单选题There are, for example, widely differing views of the potential value of the assets______.

单选题The two copper mining companies will be merged soon so as to become more competitive at the world market.

单选题Attitudes of respect, modesty and fair play can grow only out of slowly acquired skills that parents teach their children over many years through shared experience and memory. If a child reaches adulthood 21 recollections only of television, Little League and birthday parties, then that child has little to 22 when a true test of character comes up--say, in a (n) 23 business situation. " 24 that child feels grounded in who he is and where he comes from, 25 else is an act," says etiquette expert Betty Jo Trakimas. The Dickmeyers of Carmel, Indiana, 26 every Friday night as "family night" with their three children. Often the family plays board games or hide-and-seek. "My children love it," says Theresa, their mother. Can playing hide-and-seek really teach a child about manners? Yes, says Trakimas and 27 , because it tells the child that his parents 28 enough to spend time with him, he is loved and can learn to love others. "Manners aren't about using the 29 fork," Trakimas adds, "Manners are about being kind--giving 30 , team-playing, making tiny sacrifices. Children learn that 31 their parents. While children don't 32 warm to the idea of learning to be polite, there's no reason for them to see manners as a bunch of dreary 33 either. They're the building blocks of a child's education. " 34 a rule becomes second nature, it frees us," Trakimas says. How well could Tiger Woods play golf if he had to keep 35 himself of the rules?

单选题Many people proposed that a national committee be formed to discuss ______ to existing mass transit systems.

单选题When a child has become ______to life in a city, he may feel quite at a loss in any other environment. A. addicted B. confronted C. conditioned D. delimited

单选题Why do the Harvard researchers use scientific technology in the experiments?

单选题The profit motive is inherently ______ with principles of fairness and equity. A. in line B. in trade C. at times D. at odds

单选题Many people who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. (71) , the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others (72) to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, (73) the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed (74) being classified as "English". Even in England there are many (75) in regional character and speech. The chief (76) is between southern England and northern England. South of a (77) going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English usually learnt by international students, (78) there are local variations. Further north, regional speech is usually " (79) " than that of southern Britain. Northerners are (80) to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more (81) . They are openhearted and hospitable; visitors often find that they make friends with them (82) . Northerners generally have hearty (83) : the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous (84) at meal times. In accent and character the people of the Midlands (85) a gradual change from the southern to the northern type of Englishman. In Scotland the sound (86) by the letter "R" is generally a strong sound, and "R" is often pronounced in words in which it would be (87) in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty people, (88) inventive and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently (89) as being more "fiery" than the English. They are (90) a race that is quite distinct from the English.

单选题The European Union revealed on January 23rd how it plans to save the world. A mammoth climate-change plan spells out in detail how much pain each of its 27 members will have to beat if the EU is to meet ambitious targets set by national leaders last March. The aim is to cut greenhouse-gas emissions by 2020 by at least a fifth, and more than double to 20% the amount of energy produced from renewable sources such as wind or wave power. If fuel from plants proves green enough, 10% of the fuel used in transport must come from biofuels by the same date. The new plan turns these goals into national targets. This will surely start much grumbling and months of horse-trading, as the European Commission's recommendations are turned into binding law by national governments and the European Parliament. Countries with greenery in their veins are being asked to take more of the burden than newer members. Sweden, for example, is being invited to meet 49% of its energy from renewables. At the other end, Malta gets a renewables target of just 10%. It is a similar story when it comes to cutting greenhouse gases; by 2020, Denmark must cut emissions by 20% from 2005 levels; Bulgaria and Romania, the newest members, may let their emissions rise by 20%. EU leadership on climate change will not come cheap. The direct costs alone may be C 60 billion ($87 billion), or about 0.5% of total EU GDP, by 2020, said the commission's president, Jose Manuel Barroso. But this is still presented as a bargain compared with the cost of inaction, which Mr. Barroso put at ten times as high. "Oh, leading the world in the fight against climate change need not cost jobs. Even in the most heavily polluting branches of heavy industry. We want to keep out industry in Europe," insisted Mr. Barroso. The trick to achieve the seemingly impossible targets is the EU's emissions-trading scheme (ETS). This obliges big polluters such as power companies or manufacturing giants to trade permits that allow them to emit CO2 and other climate-change nasties, within a steadily tightening overall cap. If countries such as the US do not sign binding international agreements by 2001, then the heaviest greenhouse-gas emitters inside the EU may be given these allowances free, the commission suggests. Or, it threatens, firms to buy ETS permits.

单选题In 1896 a Georgia couple suing for damages in the accidental death of their two year old was told that since the child had made no real economic contribution to the family, there was no liability for damages. In contrast, less than a century later, in 1979, the parents of a three year old sued in New York for accidental-death damages and won an award of $ 750, 000. The transformation in social values implicit in just a posing these two incidents is the subject of Viviana Zelizer's excellent book, Pricing the Priceless Child. During the nineteenth century, she argues, the concept of the "useful" child who contributed to the family economy gave way gradually to the present-day notion of the "useless" child who, though producing no income for, and indeed extremely costly to, its parents, is yet considered emotionally "priceless". Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by the mid-1800's, this new view of childhood spread through-out society in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries as reformers introduced child-labor regulations and compulsory education laws predicated in part on the assumption that a child's emotional value made child labor taboo. For Zelizer the origins of this transformation were many and complex. The gradual erosion of children's productive value in a maturing industrial economy, the decline in birth and death rates, especially in child mortality, and the development of the companionate family(a family in which members were united by explicit bonds of love rather than duty)were all factors critical in changing the assessment of children's worth. Yet "expulsion of children from the ' cash nexus' , ... although clearly shaped by profound changes in the economic, occupational, and family structures," Zelizer maintains. "Was also part of a cultural process 'of sacralization' of children's lives. " Protecting children from the crass business world became enormously important for late-nineteenth-century middle-class Americans, she suggests; this sacralization was a way of resisting what they perceived as the relentless corruption of human values by the marketplace. In stressing the cultural determinants of a child's worth. Zelizer takes issue with practitioners of the new " sociological economics" , who have analyzed such traditionally sociological topics as crime, marriage, education, and health solely in terms of their economic determinants. Allowing only a small role for cultural forces in the form of individual "preferences" , these sociologists tend to view all human behavior as directed primarily by the principle of maximizing economic gain. Zelizer is highly critical of this approach, and emphasizes instead the opposite phenomenon: the power of social values to transform price. As children became more valuable in emotional terms, she argues, their " exchange" or "surrender" value on the market, that is, the conversion of their intangible worth into cash terms, became much greater.

单选题______ touching in Henry's stories is the gallantry with which ordinary people straggle to maintain their dignity.

单选题The poor quality of sound of the film mined the ______ perfect product.

单选题The bed has been______in the family. It was my great grandmother's originally.