单选题Who first gave the disease the name "diarrhea"?

单选题Passage 5 Ask an American schoolchild what he or she is learning in school these days and you might even get a reply, provided you ask it in Spanish. But don't bother, here's the answer: Americans nowadays are not learning any of the things that we learned in our day, like reading and writing. Apparently these are considered fusty old subjects, invented by white males to oppress women and minorities. What are they learning? In a Vermont college town I found the answer sitting in a toy store book rack, next to typical kids' books like "Heather Has Two Mommies and Daddy Is Dysfunctional." It's a teacher's guide called "Happy To Be Me", subtitled "Building Self-Esteem." Self-esteem, as it turns out, is a big subject in American classrooms. Many American schools see building it as important as teaching reading and writing. They call it "whole language" teaching borrowing terminology from the granola people to compete in the education marketplace. No one ever spent a moment building my self-esteem when ! was in school. In fact, from the day I first stepped inside a classroom my self-esteem was one big demolition site. All that mattered was "the subject," be it geography, history, or mathematics. I was praised when I remembered that "near", "fit", "friendly", "pleasing", "like" and their opposites took the dative case in Latin. I was reviled when I forgot what a cosine was good for. Generally I lived my school years beneath a torrent of castigation so consistent I eventually ceased to hear it, as people who live near the sea eventually stop hearing the waves. Schools have changed. Reviling is out. For one thing more important, subjects have changed. Whereas I learned English, modem kids learn something called "language skills". Whereas I learned writing, modem kids learn something called "communication". Communication, the book tells us, is seven per cent words, 23 per cent facial expression, 20 per cent tone of voice, and 50 per cent body language. So this column, with its carefully chosen words, would earn me at most a grade of seven per cent. That is, if the school even gave out something as oppressive and demanding as grades. The result is that, in place of English classes, American children are getting a course in How to Win Friends and Influence People. Consider the new attitude toward journal writing: I remember one high school English class when we were required to keep a journal. The idea was to emulate those great writers who confided in diaries searching their souls and honing their critical thinking on paper. "Happy To Be Me" states that journals are a great way for students to get in touch with their feelings. Tell students they can write one sentence or a whole page. Reassure them that no one, not even you, will read what they write. After the unit, hopefully all students will be feeling good about themselves and will want to share some of their entries with the class. There was a time when no self-respecting book for English teachers would use "great" or "hopefully" that way. Moreover, back then the purpose of English courses (an antique term for "unit") was not to help students "feel good about themselves," which is good, because all that reviling didn't make me feel particularly good about anything.

单选题It's none of your business, you have no right to______.

单选题The hospital denies there is any connection between the disciplinary action and Dr. Reid’s __________ about health problems.

单选题In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, which must be (21) for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to (22) or refuse these permits, and there is little that can be (23) about it, it would be extremely unwise (24) a foreign visitor to work without a permit, since anyone doing so is (25) to immediate deportation. There are some (26) to this rule, most nota bly people from the Common Market countries, who are (27) to work without permits and who are often given (28) residence permits of up to five years. Some (29) people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, authors and others, can work without (30) The problem with the Act is not just that some of its rules are (31) but (32) it is administered, and the people who administer it. An immigration official has the power to stop a visitor (33) these shores coming into the country. If this happens the visitor has the (34) to appeal to the Immigration Appeal Tribunal (35) the appeals are being considered, the visitor has no choice but to wait sometimes for quite a long time.

单选题 The advocates highly value the 'sport spirit', while the opponent devalue it, asserting that it's a sheer hypocrisy and self-deception.

单选题During the 19th century, Jews in most European countries achieved some equality of status with non-Jews. Nonetheless, at times Jews were harassed by anti-Semitic groups.

单选题He has just______to a letter from a friend of his in Japan.(2003年西南财经大学考博试题)

单选题Nonetheless, multi-regionalists ______ folding their tents and if anything, may have grown even more convinced of their position.

单选题He worked as a builder in London and ______ half his monthly wage to his family in the Philippines.

单选题The governor's ______ remarks caused his political party much embarrassment.

单选题Individuals have applied "positive thinking" either to particular external circum-stances or to some particular habit or character defect.

单选题He ______ his head, wondering how to solve the problem.

单选题Although the nuclear radiation problems remain unsolved, the government's emphasis has been______from unclear to coal.

单选题The boy could not reconcile himself to the failure. He did not believe that was his lot.

单选题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Below each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.{{B}}Passage One{{/B}} Gordon Shaw the physicist, 66, and colleagues have discovered what's known as the "Mozart effect," the ability of a Mozart sonata, under the right circumstances, to improve the listener's mathematical and reasoning abilities. But the findings are controversial and have launched all kinds of crank notions about using music to make kids smarter. The hype, he warns, has gotten out of hand. But first, the essence: Is there something about the brain cells work to explain the effect? In 1978 the neuroscientist Vernon Mountcastle devised a model of the neural structure of the brain's gray matter. Looking like a thick band of colorful bead work, it represents the firing patterns of groups of neurons. Building on Mounteastle, Shaw and his team constructed a model of their own. On a lark, Xiaodan Leng, who was Shaw's colleague at the time, used a synthesizer to translate these patterns into music. What came out of the speakers wasn't exactly toe-tapping, but it was music. Shaw and Leng inferred that music and brain-wave activity are built on the same sort of patterns. "Gordon is a contrarian in his thinking," says his longtime friend, Nobel Prize-winning Stanford physicist Martin Peri. "That's important. In new areas of science, such as brain research, nobody knows how to do it." What do neuroscientists and psychologists think of Shaw's findings?' They haven't condemned it, but neither have they confirmed it. Maybe you have to take them with a grain of salt, but the experiments by Shaw and his colleagues are intriguing. In March a team led by Shaw announced that young children who had listened to the Mozart sonata and studied the piano over a period of months improved their scores by 27% on a test of ratios and proportions. The control group against which they were measured received compatible enrichment courses--minus the music. The Mozart-trained kids are now doing math three grade levels ahead of their peers, Shaw claims. Proof of all this, of course, is necessarily elusive because it can be difficult to do a double- blind experiment of educational techniques. In a double-blind trial of an arthritis drug, neither the study subjects nor the experts evaluating them know which ones got the test treatment and which a dummy pill. How do you keep the participants from knowing it's Mozart on the CD?

单选题Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been a driving force bringing virtual reality to medicine, where computers create a "virtual" or simulated environment for surgeons and others medical Practitioners (从业者). "With virtual reality we'll be able to put a surgeon in every trench," said Satava. He envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers. The computers would transmit images of the soldiers to surgeons back in the U. S. The surgeons would look at the soldier through virtual reality helmets (头盔) that contain a small screen displaying the image of the wound. The doctors would guide robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit that operate on the soldier. Although Satava's vision may be years away from standard operating procedure, scientists are progressing toward virtual reality surgery. Engineers at an international organization in California are developing a tele-operating device. As surgeons watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery, they move instruments that are connected to a computer, which passes their movements to robotic instruments that perform the surgery. The computer provides feedback to the surgeon on force, textures, and sound. These technological wonders may not yet be part of the community hospital setting but increasingly some of the machinery is finding its way into civilian medicine. At Wayne State University Medical School, surgeon Lucia Zamorano takes images of the brain from computerized scans and uses a computer program to produce a 3-D image. She can then maneuver the 3-D image on the computer screen to map the shortest, least invasive surgical path to the tumor (肿瘤). Zamorano is also using technology that attaches a probe to surgical instruments so that she can track their positions. While cutting away a tumor deep in the brain, she watches the movement of her surgical tools in a computer graphics image of the patient's brain taken before surgery. During these procedures—operations that are done through small cuts in the body in which a miniature camera and surgical tools are maneuvered—surgeons are wearing 3-D glasses for a better view. And they are commanding robot surgeons to cut away tissue more accurately than human surgeons can. Satava says, "We are in the midst of a fundamental change in the field of medicine. /

单选题He knew that the area's rich plant life had been severely______by the huge herds of cows grazing the land.(2013年3月中国科学院考博试题)

单选题John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for 1ire, that a person learns by doing, and that teaching must ______ the curiosity and creativity of children. A. seek B. stimulate C. shape D. secure