单选题According to paragraph 1, in the United States, ______.

单选题Mr. Handforth in his old age, in his second childhood—advanced by his stroke—had kept his wits about him, and they, as old people's wits sometimes will, inclined him to be critical of those who were nearest and dearest to him. Undoubtedly, it was Judith who was—or who had been—nearest and dearest to him. Throughout the many years of his widowerhood—how many! —she had been at his beck and call, neglecting, as she herself had said and as he had had ample opportunities of confirming, her own family and he had gratefully though guiltily agreed to her suggestion, that her family would have been larger than it was, that Charlotte might have had brothers and sisters, as Seymour hoped she would have, if she had not felt that her father was her first priority. This combined feeling of guilt and gratitude he had tried to acknowledge to her from time to time, by presents smaller and greater; and he had made and re-made his will many times, with the object of leaving the residue of his estate, already much reduced by Judith's inroads on it, in unequal shares, to Judith and Hester—shares that should seem equal, though they were not. Thus he got his house and its contents valued at a very low figure, well knowing that it would be worth far more at his death, to balance a rather high figure of shares to Hester, the value of which he had good reason for thinking would go down rather than up. Not that he was not fond of Hester, but in his mind and affections she had always played second fiddle to her sister; though younger, she had married earlier; like an almost unfledged bird she had abandoned the nest, and made another for herself far, far away. It was natural, of course ; Jack had swept her off her feet, she had thrown in her lot with him, leaving her father to Judith's very tender mercies. How can one feel towards someone who, for the most natural reasons in the world, has thrown one over as one feels towards someone who, for the best reasons in the world, has stayed by one's side? But were they the best reasons in the world? No, Mr. Handforth decided, they were the worst; everything his daughter Judith had done for him, all her kindness and her assiduous attentions when he had been alone and/or ill, had been inspired by one motive, and only one: the greed of gain. At last she had shown herself in her true colours—the colours, whatever they were, of a vampire.

单选题More often it is the President, and not the members of his cabinet, ______ the populace. A. who appeal to B. to whom appeal to C. whom appeals to D. who appeals to

单选题The English are famous for exchanging ______ remarks on the weather. A. persistent B. pernicious C. peripatetic D. perfunctory

单选题You must try your best to ______ to the new environment.

单选题In the next century we"ll be able to alter our DNA radically, encoding our visions and vanities while concocting new life-forms. When Dr. Frankenstein made his monster, he wrestled with the moral issue of whether he should allow it to reproduce, "Had I the right, for my oval benefit, to inflict the curse upon everlasting generations?" Will such questions require us to develop new moral philosophies? Probably not. Instead, we"ll reach again for a time-tested moral concept, one sometimes called the Golden Rule and which Kant, the millennium"s most prudent moralist, conjured up into a categorical imperative: Do unto others as you would have them do unto you; treat each person as an individual rather than as a means to some end. Under this moral precept we should recoil at human cloning, because it inevitably entails using humans as means to other humans" ends and valuing them as copies of others we loved or as collections of body parts, not as individuals in their own right. We should also draw a line, however fuzzy, that would permit using genetic engineering to cure diseases and disabilities but not to change the personal attributes that make someone an individual (IQ, physical appearance, gender and sexuality). The biotech age will also give us more reason to guard our personal privacy. Aldous Huxley in Brave New World, got it wrong: rather than centralizing power in the hands of the state, DNA technology has empowered individuals and families. But the state will have an important role, making sure that no one, including insurance companies, can look at our genetic data without our permission or use it to discriminate against us. Then we can get ready for the breakthroughs that could come at the end of the next century and the tech nology is comparable to mapping our genes: plotting the 10 billion or more neurons of our brain. With that information we might someday be able to create artificial intelligences that think and experience consciousness in ways that are indistinguishable from a human brain. Eventually we might be able to replicate our own minds in a "dry-ware" machine, so that we could live on without the "wet-ware" of a biological brain and body. The 20th century"s revolution in infotechnology will thereby merge with the 21st century"s revolution in biotechnology. But this is science fiction. Let"s turn the page now and get back to real science.

单选题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} There are 5 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} Our theory and practice in the area of sentencing have undergone a gradual but dramatic metamorphosis through the years. Primitive man believed that a crime created an imbalance, which could be rectified only by punishing the wrongdoer. Thus, sentencing was initially vengeance-oriented. Gradually, emphasis began to be placed on the deterrent value of a sentence upon future wrongdoing. Though deterrence is still an important consideration, increased emphasis on the possibility of reforming the offender--of returning him to the community a useful citizen bars the harsh penalties once imposed and brings into play a new set of sentencing criteria. Today, each offender is viewed as a unique individual, and the sentencing judge seeks to know why he has committed the crime and what are the chances of a repetition of the offense. The judge's prime objective is not to punish but to treat. This emphasis on treatment of the individual has created a host of new problems. In seeking to arrive at the best treatment for individual prisoners, judges must weigh an imposing array of factors. I believe that the primary aim of every sentence is the prevention of future crime. Little can be done to correct past damage, and a sentence will achieve its objective to the extent that it upholds general respect for the law, discourages those tempted to commit similar crimes, and leads to the rehabilitation of the offender, so that he will not run afoul of the law again. Where the offender is so hardened that rehabilitation is plainly impossible, the sentence may be designed to segregate the offender from society so that he will be unable to do any future harm. The balancing of these interacting, and often mutually antagonistic, factors requires more than a good heart and a sense of fair play on the judge's part, although these are certainly prerequisites. It requires the judge to know as much as he can about the prisoner before him. He should know the probable effects of sentences upon those who might commit similar crimes and how the prisoner is likely to react to imprisonment or probation. Because evaluation of these various factors may differ from judge to judge, the same offense will be treated differently by different judges. The task of improving our sentencing techniques is so important to the nation's moral health that it deserves far more careful attention than it now receives from the bar and many civic-minded individuals who usually lead even the judges in the fight for legal reform approach this subject with apathy or with erroneous preconceptions. For example, I have observed the sentiment shared by many that, after a judge has sentenced several hundred defendants, the whole process becomes one of callous routine. I have heard this feeling expressed even by attorneys who should know better.

单选题The prime minister, beset by______ support rate, made the decision to resign over the weekend to avoid a political vacuum.

单选题Mark Moore, director of the Northwest Weather, warned skiers of the deadly avalanches that have ______ the mountains of Washington state, killing nine people.

单选题Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts. They don't realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs. This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists. The phrase "substance abuse" is often used instead of "drug abuse" to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine. We live a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances(drugs)is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses? First of all, most substances taken in excess will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions. Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued. Drugs(substances)that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens. Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down. Hallucinogens have their primary effect on perception, distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including producing hallucinations. These are the substances often called psychedelic(from the Greek word meaning "mind manifesting")because they seemed to radically alter one's state of consciousness.

单选题His______brain has worked away on the idea of the foundation.

单选题To what extent will future scientific discoveries make possible the ______ of human life span? A. increase B. expansion C. growth D. prolongation

单选题As always, I had to fight the ______ to take what she willingly offered.

单选题The family was too obstinate to evacuate the house when the flood began.

单选题The history helps explain the vexing dispute between the European Union and the United States over the greatest threat to privacy yet conceived: the hundreds of millions of personal dossiers in computerized and networked databases.

单选题The bank manager asked Irish assistant if it was possible for him to ______ the investment plan within a week.

单选题The purchaser of this lorry is protected by the manufacturer's warranty that he will replace any defective part for five years or 50000 miles. A prohibition B. insurance C. prophecy D. guarantee

单选题A terrible traffic accident happened; people were saddened when they watched the ______ sight on TV.