单选题Borders these days have little meaning for Singapore-based regional ______ of electronics firms like Sanyo and Philips. A. executives B. officials C. governors D. servants

单选题The scientist has ______ the behavior of birds all his life.

单选题Celebrate. Celebrate. Physicians are delighted with a Food and Drug Administration(FDA)advisory panel's recommendation earlier this year that Vioxx and its cousins Bextra and Celebrex(all medicines known as Cox-2 inhibitors)should remain on the market, despite evidence they increase heart disease risk in some people. The panelists reached their decision after weighing all the data and concluding the benefits of these pain-relieving drugs outweighed the risks. Specifically, these scientists acknowledged that, for some patients, these prescription drugs were uniquely effective in reducing pain from arthritis and other causes. For others—concerned about ulcers associated with aspirin and other OTC analgesics—the Cox-2 inhibitors offered the advantage of minimizing potentially serious effects of stomach irritation. Now is an appropriate time for everyone to take a fresh look at the benefit-risk equation for Vioxx and the other Cox-2 inhibitors. The risks—increased risk of heart disease in some who use the drugs—have been well publicized. Much less publicity has been given to a spectrum of real and potential benefits that go way beyond reduced risk of stomach irritation. These little-discussed benefits would have been lost, perhaps permanently—had Vioxx, Bextra and Celebrex been driven from shelves in pursuit of perfect safety, an unattainable goal. For example, there is substantial evidence Cox-2 inhibitors can reduce development of colon polyps, which may become colon cancel indeed. Celebrex is FDA-approved for those genetically prone to colon cancer. Ironically, the 2004 study that revealed the elevated heart attack risk of Vioxx was primarily designed to further establish the drug's effectiveness in protecting against colon cancer. And while the results of that interrupted trial have not yet been published, there is good reason to believe they will confirm the protective effects against colon cancer established in research over the last 10 years. At the time of its withdrawal from the market last fall, studies of Vioxx as well as the other Cox-2 drugs suggested they had other anti-cancer properties as well, possibly reducing the risk of malignancies of a number of sites, including the lung and esophagus. Had these drugs been dismissed, their untapped promise for prevention would have evaporated well before it was evaluated and applied to save lives. Fortunately, cooler and wiser heads prevailed.

单选题 In the 1970s, Charles Kowal at mount Palomar Observatory discovered Chiron, an asteroid whose orbit was in the vicinity of Saturn and Uranus, far from other known asteroids. In the 1990s, robotic telescopes began to comb the Kuiper Belt, the region of the solar system beyond the obit of Neptune. More than 400 objects were discovered there, with the biggest object about half the size of Pluto. Last year, the farthest asteroid to date was found: Sedna, named after an Inuit goddess who dwells in a cave at the bottom of the Arctic Ocean. Sedna has a very eccentric orbit that takes it nearly 1,000 times farther from the Sun than Pluto and outside the Kuiper Belt. In early January 2005, the same team that discovered Sedna found a larger body. From its light and absence of infrared radiation, the team of Brown, Trujillo, and Rabinovitz are certain that the object's size is between that of Pluto (1,485 miles across) and our moon (2,160 miles across). Its temporary name is 2003 UB313. Presently, the object is 9 billion miles from the sun, about three times as far as Pluto. At this distance from the Sun, 2003 UB313 has a surface temperature of 415~ below zero. This Kuiper Belt object takes 560 Earth years to orbit the Sun. 2003 UB313's orbit has a tilt of 44 degrees to the plane of the solar system, more than twice the tilt of Pluto (the previous planet record holder). Its minimum solar distance is 3.3 billion years, close to the edge of Neptune's orbit. 2003 UB313's orbit is well-known due to its being captured on wide angle photographs taken in 2003 by the 4-foot-wide Schmidt telescope on Mount Palomar. Will UB313 be called the tenth planet? The decision is up to the International Astronomical Union. Asteroids are mini-planets, most of which are located in the asteroid belt, between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. The largest of the belt asteroids is Ceres, about 700 miles across (i. e. roughly the size of Texas). Most asteroids are much smaller, typically less than a mile across. While most asteroids keep their distance from Earth, there are probably 1,000 asteroids that are located in the inner solar system and may cross Earth's orbit. Last summer, a robotic telescope discovered a 1,000-foot-wide asteroid that crosses Earth's orbit. The object is 99942 Apophis. Once Apophis' orbit was determined, its future positions decades ahead were generated by computer. There was a shock when an early study showed Apophis to be on a collision course with Earth in 2029. More early observations were utilized to refine Apophis' orbit; new calculations showed that on April 13,2029, Apophis would instead pass 22,000 miles from Earth, which is a little less than three Earth diameters. Apophis will then be visible to the naked eye from Europe and western Africa.

单选题The word "infringement" in the first paragraph means______.

单选题As did his______ Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein, and Henry Ford, Thomas Edison profoundly transformed the Western World.

单选题The influence of Aristotle's philosophy has been ______ it has even helped to shape modem language and common sense. A. occurrent B. provocative C. pervasive D. persevering

单选题Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy rebounds, the number of marriages also rises. Coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife"s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. By raising a family"s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family"s financial and emotional stability. Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union. Also, a major part of women"s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within the family. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.

单选题It is important that novelists meet the demands of the people in general, but they should not ______ to vulgar and unhealthy taste of some people.(2007年中国矿业大学考博试题)

单选题If the existing rules are retained, the 20 per cent of decisions that now require ______ agreement will prove far harder to reach.

单选题Kelly fought depression, her sister struggled against violent tendencies, and their only physical touches they'd ever known from their parents were abusive .

单选题{{B}}Section B {{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following passage carefully and then explain in your own English the exact meaning of the numbered and underlined parts. Medical consumerism-like all sorts of consumerism, only more menadngly is designed to be unsatisfying. (51) {{U}}The prolongation of life and the search for perfect health (beauty, youth, happiness) are inherently self-defeating{{/U}}. The law of diminishing returns necessarily applies. You can make higher percentages of people survive into their eighties and nineties. But, as any geriatric ward shows, that is not the same as to comer enduring mobility, awareness and autonomy. (52) {{U}}Extending life grows medically feasible, but it is often a life deprived of everything, and one exposed to degrading neglect as resources grow over-stretched and politics turn mean{{/U}}. What an ignominious destiny for medicine if its future turned into one of besowing meager increments of unenjoyed life! It would mirror the fate of athletics, in which disproportionate energies and resources-not least medical ones, like illegal steroids-are now invested to shave records by milliseconds. And, it goes without saying, the logical extension of longevity-the "abolition" of death-would not be a solution but only an exacerbation. (53) {{U}}To air these predicaments is not anti-medical spleen-a churlish reprisal against medicine for its victories{{/U}}-but simply to face the growing reality of medical power not exactly without responsibility but with dissolving goals.(54) {{U}}Hence medicine's finest hour becomes the dawn of its dilemmas.{{/U}} For centuries, medicine was impotent and hence unproblematic. From the Greeks to the Great War, its job was simple: to struggle with lethal diseases and gross disabilities, to ensure live births, and to manage pain. It performed these uncontroversial tasks by and large with meager success. Today, with mission accomplished, medicine's triumphs are dissolving in disorientation. (55) {{U}}Medicine has led to vastly inflated expectations, which the public has eagerly swallowed{{/U}}. Yet as these expectations grow unlimited, they become unfulfillable. The task facing medicine in the twenty-first century will be to redefine its limits even as it extends its capacities.

单选题There are, two opinions as to the production of light Augustine seems to say that Moses could not have fittingly passed over the production of the spiritual creature, and therefore when we read. In the beginning God created heaven and earth, a spiritual nature as yet formless is to be understood by the word heaven, and the formless matter for the corporeal creature by the word earth. And spiritual nature was formed first, as being of higher dignity than corporeal The forming, therefore, of this spiritual nature is signified by the production of light That is to say, the light in question is a spiritual light For a spiritual nature receives its formation by the illumination whereby it is led to adhere to the Word of God. Other writers think that the production of spiritual creatures was purposely omitted by Moses, and give various reasons. Basil says that Moses begins his narrative from the beginning of the time which belongs to sensible things; but that the spiritual or angelic creation is passed over, as having been created beforehand. Chrysostom gives us a reason for the omission that Moses was addressing an ignorant people, to whom material things alone appealed, and whom he was endeavoring to draw away from the worship of idols. It would have been to them a pretext for idolatry if he had spoken to them of natures spiritual in substance and nobler than all corporeal creatures;for they would have paid them divine worship, since they were prone to worship as gods even the sun, moon, and stars, which was forbidden them (Deut iv. 19) But Scripture also mentioned several kinds of formlessness, in regard to the corporeal creature (Gen. i. 2). One is where we read that the earth was void and empty, and another where it is said that darkness was upon the face of the deep. Now it was necessary, for two reasons, that the informity of darkness should be removed first of all by the production of light In the first place because light is a quality of the first body, as was stated, and thus it was fitting that the world should be first formed according to light The second reason is because light is a common quality. For light is common to terrestrial and celestial bodies. But just as in knowledge we proceed from general principles, so do we in work of every kind. For the living thing is generated before the animal, and the animal before man, as is shown in De Gener Anim. It was fitting, then, as an evidence of the divine wisdom, that among the works of distinction the production of light should take first place, since light is a form of the primary body, and because it is a more common quality. Basil, furthermore, adds a third reason;that all other things are made manifest by light And there is yet a fourth, already touched upon in the objections, namely, that day cannot be unless light exists. It had to be made, therefore, on the first day.

单选题The Winfields are a quite Uconventional/U family.

单选题Recently the car factory had to carry out personnel ______ because of financial trouble.

单选题Unfortunately, the bridge under construction clasped in the earthquake, so they had to do the whole thing again Ufrom scratch/U.

单选题The new military junto Usuppressed/U dissent.

单选题People's behavior patterns must be ______ with their goals.

单选题One key question for the next century is how we will provide energy in an environmentally sound way. As living standards rise in the developing world, energy consumption will increase. As a result, many countries are now opening the door for private investment in a sector that used to be solely the preserve of government. In the developed world too, the move is towards the deregulation end privatization of electricity generation and distribution. There is also a trend towards locally-generated energy, particularly in the developing world. Factories and shopping centers may one day have their own power sources. Progress is also being made in minimising the environmental impact of energy production and consumption. A motor car today puts out perhaps 5 percent of the pollution a new car did in 1970. We can produce clean power too— but it costs, so to some extent, in the new millennium(一千年) we're going to have the environment we can afford. The spectre of scarce or impossibly expensive energy is no longer with us. thanks to a combination of opening up new regions of the world and new technologies. Shortage is very unlikely. Environmental considerations mean there is a seriousness too about alternative energy sources that wasn't there ten years ago. Right now the fuel cell is at the top of the list of alternative technologies. Advances in turbine transportation mean that natural gas is going to have an ever-increasing role. Nuclear power may prove competitive enough to have a much longer life than many expect, but until there's a major change in public sentiment, I don't expect m see much new nuclear construction. Will the grip of oil on personal transportation continue? Sport-utility vehicles like Land Rovers and Jeeps are hardly the perfect means of urban transport. But people have become very attached to their automobiles. So until we get around to technology where we beam ourselves around. I suspect we'll continue to have them. One area which is certainly not clear is the impact of the Internet on transportation. On the one hand, you will be able to accomplish by sitting in front of a screen what you used to have to go to the airport for: on the other, increased knowledge may well fuel a rising demand for travel. We are only at the beginning of a revolution that is already being called a bigger revolution than the internal combustion engine (内燃机).

单选题He was trained as a doctor but ______ to diplomacy. A. converted B. reverted C. diverted D. averted