单选题The Browns lived in a______and comfortably furnished house in the suburbs. A. confess B. sufficient C. wide D. wretched

单选题Agreeable to your request, I send you my reasons for thinking that our northeast storms in North America begin first, in point of time, in the southwest parts: that is to say, the air in Georgia, the farthest of our colonies to the Southwest, begins to move southewesterly before the air of Carolina, begins to move southwesterly before the air of Carolina, which is the next colony northeastward. The air of Carolina has the same motion before the air of Virginia, which lies still more northeastward, and so on northeasterly through Pennsylvania, New York, New England, the air next the chimney flows in to supply its place, moving towards the chimney. And, in consequence, the rest of the air successively, quite back to the door. Thus to produce our northeast storms, I suppose some great heat and rarefaction of the air in or about the Gulf of Mexico. The air thence rising has its place supplied by the next more northern, cooler, and therefore denser and heavier, air. That being in motion is followed by the next more northern air, in a successive current, to which current our coast and inland ridge of mountains give the direction of northeast, as they lie N.E. and S. W.

单选题The middle-aged woman has been ______ with a serious illness for half a year; she is dying now.

单选题The reason why women designers are few is that ______.

单选题The Internet is a global network that connects other computer networks, together with software and protocols for controlling the movement of data. The Internet, often referred to as "the Net", was initiated in 1969 by a group of universities and private research groups funded by the US Department of Defense. It now covers almost every country in the world. Its organization is informal and deliberately nonpolitical; its controllers tend to concentrate on technical aspects rather than on administrative control. The Internet offers users a number of basic services including data transfer, electronic mail, and the ability to access information in remote databases. A notable feature is the existence of user groups, which allow people to exchange information and debate specific subjects of interest. In addition, there are a number of high-level services. For example, MBONE allows the transmission of messages to more than one destination. It is used in videoconferencing. The World Wide Web, known as "the Web", is another high level Internet service, developed in the 1990s in Geneva. It is a service for distributing multimedia information, including graphics, pictures, sounds, and video as well as text. A feature of the World Wide Web is that it allows links to other related documents elsewhere on the Internet. Documents for publication on the Web are presented in a form known as HTML(hypertext mark up language). This allows a specification of the page layout and typography as it will appear on the screen. It also allows the inclusion of active links to other documents. Generally, these appear on the screen display as highlighted text or as additional icons. Typically, the user can use a mouse to "click" on one of these points to load and view a related document. Many commercial and public organizations now have their own Web site(specified by an address code)and publish a "home page", giving information about the organization. Up to the mid-1990s, the major users of the Internet were academic and research organizations. This has begun to change rapidly with individual home users linking in through commercial access providers and with a growing interest by companies in using the Internet for publicity, sales, and as a medium for electronic publishing. At the same time, there are problems with the flow of information across national borders, bringing in debates about copyright protection, data protection, the publication of pornography, and ultimately political control and censorship.

单选题During the 19th century, Jews in most European countries achieved some equality of status with non-Jews. Nonetheless, at times Jews were harassed by anti-Semitic groups.

单选题The matter is not to be______.

单选题Many animals are on the ______ of disappearing from the face of the earth and zoos can provide them with a safe place to live and breed.

单选题When he lost his jobs he tried to ______ his fortunes by robbing a bank.

单选题The chairman made a(n) ______ statement before beginning the main business of the meeting.

单选题2 The longitudinal study demonstrates that students who receive ESL (English as a sec ond language) instruction are far better than those taught primarily in their native lan guage. A comparison of the three-year exit rates for students in ESL and bilingual programs shows that those who receive ESL instruction test out faster and in higher percentages than those who receive instruction in their native language, regardless of the grade in which they entered school. For example, 79.3 percent of the children who entered ESL programs in kindergarten tested out, while only 51.5 percent of those who received their education in their native languages did. Likewise, 72.9 percent of the LEP (limited English profi ciency) students who entered programs in the first grade tested out. while only 38.5 of those in bilingual programs did. For students who entered LEP programs in the ninth grade, 91.6 percent of those in native-language instruction classes still hadn't tested out after three years, as compared with 78.1 percent of those in ESL classes. Furthermore, children who had been in ESL classes tested 4 higher in English and math once they exited LEP programs than those who had received native-language instruc tion. Of the LEP students who entered in kindergarten or the first grade, 49 percent of those who had been in ESL classes eventually read at grade level, while only 32 percent of those who had been in bilingual classes performed that well. In math. the statistics are even more impressive. Of the children who entered in kindergarten or the first grade, more than 69 percent of those who had been in ESL classes eventually performed at grade level or above, as opposed to 54 percent of those who had been in bilingual classes. Naturally, the study provoked a barrage of criticism from the highly political and vo cal bilingual lobby, which prompted the New York City Board of Education to issue a pa per in November 1994 mitigating the findings of the study and ignoring the distinction be tween students in ESL and bilingual education programs. Rather than exit rates, this paper focuses on the achievement of LEP students during the period in which they are in bilingual or ESL classes. The authors show that although the scores of LEP students were below av erage on the English-language test, their scores in all areas showed improvement; they point out that in math, there were insufficient data on the progress of LEP students to draw valid conclusions. However, a report on citywide mathematics test results in New York in the spring of 1995 deals more fully with the math scores of the 26,248 students who were examined the previous school year in Chinese, Spanish, or Haitian Creole. According to this document, only 16.6 percent of these children performing at or above grade level in mathemat ics. Although this represents an improvement of 1.1 percent over the scores of the previous year, it discredits the argument that native-language instruction keeps performing at grade level in subject areas. Although LEP students are improving faster than the national norm, they continue to perform far below the norm.

单选题There is little learning involved when one is reprimanded two or three months after the deed.

单选题It"s a rough world out there. Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on your doormat. Light up the stove and you could bum down the house. Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers" misfortunes. Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever-longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident. Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn, among other things, that you might—surprise—fall off. The label on a child"s Barman cape cautions that the toy "does not enable user to fly". While warnings are often appropriate and necessary—the dangers of drug interactions, for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn"t clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. About 50 percent of the companies lose when injured customers take them to court. Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn"t have changed anything. In May, Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in Illinois, successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet. "We"re really sorry he has become paralyzed, but helmets aren"t designed to prevent those kinds of injuries," says Nimmons. The jury agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete"s injury. At the same time, the American Law Institute—a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight—issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. "Important information can get buried in a sea of trivialities," says a law professor at Cornell Law School who helped draft the new guidelines. If the moderate demand of the legal community has its way, the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability.

单选题Little boys seem to enjoy ______ train sets more than little girls.

单选题Don't let on to Doris that we are going to the movies tonight.

单选题The gang derived their nickname from their dark clothing and blacked up faces for {{U}}nocturnal{{/U}} raids in the forest.

单选题These days we hear a lot of nonsense about the "great classless society". The idea that the twentieth century is the age of the common man has become one of the great cliches of our time. The same old arguments are put forward in evidence. Here are some of them: monarchy as a system of government has been completely discredited. The monarchies that survive have been deprived of all political power. Inherited wealth has been savagely reduced by taxation and, in time, the great fortunes will disappear altogether. In a number of countries the victory has been complete. The people rule; the great millennium has become a political reality. But has it? Close examination doesn't bear out the claim. It is a fallacy to suppose that all men are equal and that society will be leveled out if you provide everybody with the same educational opportunities. (It is debatable whether you can ever provide everyone with the same educational opportunities, but that is another question.) The fact is that nature dispenses brains and ability with a total disregard for the principle of equality. The old rules of the jungle, "survival of the fittest", and "might is right" are still with us. The spread of education has destroyed the old class system and created a new one. Rewards are based on merit. For "aristocracy" read "meritocracy"; in other respects, society remains unaltered: the class system is rigidly maintained. Genuine ability, animal cunning, skill, the knack of seizing opportunities, all bring material rewards. And what is the first thing people do when they become rich? They use their wealth to secure the best possible opportunities for their children, to give them a good start in life. For all the lip service we pay to the idea of equality, we do not consider this wrong in the western world. Private schools which offer unfair advantages over state schools are not banned because one of the principles in a democracy is that people should be free to choose how they will educate their children. In this way, the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent: an able child from a wealthy home can succeed far more rapidly than his poorer counterpart. Wealth is also used indiscriminately to further political ends. It would be almost impossible to become the leader of a democracy without massive, financial backing. Money is as powerful a weapon as ever it was. In societies wholly dedicated to the principle of social equality, privileged private education is forbidden. But even here people are rewarded according to their abilities. In fact, so great is the need for skilled workers that the least able may be neglected. Bright children are carefully and expensively trained to become future rulers. In the end, all political ideologies boil down to the same thing: class divisions persist whether you are ruled by a feudal king or an educated peasant.

单选题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following passages, decide on the best one of the choices marked A, B, C, and D for each question or unfinished statement and then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET 1.{{B}}Passage One{{/B}} When I was a kid, I never knew what my parents-or anyone else's-did for a living. As far as I could tell, all grownups had mysterious jobs that involved drinking lots of coffee and arguing about Richard Nixon. If they had job-related stress, they kept it private. Now American families are expected to be more intimate. While this has resulted in a lot more hugs, "I love you," and attendance at kids' football games, unfortunately we parents also insist on sharing the frustrations of our work lives. While we have complained about our jobs or fallen asleep in car-pool lines, our children have been noticing. They are worried about us. A new survey, "Ask the Children," conducted by the Family and Work Institute of New York City, queried more than 1000 kids between the ages of 8 and 18 about their parents' work lives. "If you were granted one wish to change the way your parents' work affected your life," the survey asked kids, "what would that wish be?" Most parents assumed that children would want more time with them, but only 10% did. Instead, the most common wish (among 34%) was that parents would be less stressed and tired by work. Allison Levin is the mother of three young children and a professional in the growing field of "work/life quality." Levin counsels employees who are overwhelmed by their work and family obligations to carefully review their commitments-not only at the office but at home and in the community too and start paring them down. "It's not about getting up earlier in the morning so you can get more done," she says. "It's about saying no and making choices." We can start by leaving work, and thoughts of work, behind as soon as we start the trip home. Do something to get yourself in a good mood, like listening to music, rather than returning calls on the cell phone. When you get home, change out of your work clothes, let the answering machine take your calls, and stay away from e-mail. When your kids ask about your day, tell them about something good that happened. (In the survey, 69% of moms said they liked their work, but only 42% of kids thought their mothers really did.) Parents can also de-stress by cutting back on their children's activities. If keeping up with your kids' schedule is killing you, insist that be choose between karate lessons and the theater troupe. Parents should also sneak away from work and family occasionally to have some fun. I keep a basketball in the trunk of my car. I might never be able to fix everything at work or at home, but at least I can work on my jump shot.

单选题Television has become quite a vigorous activity. Sitting up is exhausting so most people ______down while watching television.

单选题The climate of Earth is changing. Climatologists are confident that over the past century, the global average surface temperature has increased by about half a degree Celsius. This warming is thought to be at least partly the result of human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and the clearing of forests for agriculture. As the global population grows and national economies expand, the global average temperature is expected to continue increasing by an additional 1.0℃ to 3.5℃ by the year 2100. Climate change is one of the most important environmental issues facing human- kind. Understanding the potential impacts of climate change for natural ecosystems is essential if we are going to manage our environment to minimize the negative consequences of climate change and maximize the opportunities that it may offer. Because natural ecosystems are complex, nonlinear systems, it follows that their responses to climate change are likely to be complex. Climate change may affect natural ecosystems m a variety of ways. In the short term. climate change can alter the mix of plant species in land ecosystems such as grasslands. In the long term, climate change has the potential to dramatically alter the geo- graphic distribution of major vegetation types savannas, forests, and climate change can also potentially alter global ecosystem processes, including the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. Moreover. changes in these ecosystem processes can affect and be affected by changes in the plant species of the ecosystem and vegetation type. All of the climate change-induced alterations of natural ecosystems affect the services, that these ecosystems provide to humans. The global average surface temperature increase of half a degree Celsius observed over the past century has been in part due to differential changes in daily maximum and minimum temperatures, resulting in a narrowing of the diurnal temperature range. Decreases in the diurnal temperature range were first identified in the United States, where large-area trends showed that maximum temperatures have remained constant or increased only slightly, whereas minimum temperatures have increased at a faster rate. In this issue, Al-ward et al. report on the different sensitivities of rangeland plants to minimum temperature increases.