单选题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Sometimes we have specific problems with our mother; sometimes, life with her can just be hard work. If there are difficulties in your{{U}} (1) {{/U}}, it's best to deal with them,{{U}} (2) {{/U}}remember that any{{U}} (3) {{/U}}should be done{{U}} (4) {{/U}}person or by letter. The telephone is not a good{{U}} (5) {{/U}}because it is too easy{{U}} (6) {{/U}}either side to{{U}} (7) {{/U}}the conversation. Explain to her{{U}} (8) {{/U}}you find difficult in your relationship and then{{U}} (9) {{/U}}some new arrangements that you think would establish a{{U}} (10) {{/U}}balance between you. Sometimes we hold{{U}} (11) {{/U}}from establishing such boundaries because we are afraid that doing{{U}} (12) {{/U}}implies we are{{U}} (13) {{/U}}her. We need to remember that being{{U}} (14) {{/U}}from our mother does not{{U}} (15) {{/U}}mean that we no longer love her. If the conflict is{{U}} (16) {{/U}}and you cannot find a way to{{U}} (17) {{/U}}it, you might decide to give up your relationship with your mother for a while. Some of my patients had{{U}} (18) {{/U}}"trial separations". The{{U}} (19) {{/U}}allowed things to simmer down, enabling{{U}} (20) {{/U}}.

单选题{{B}}Text 4{{/B}} The Southdale shopping centre in Minnesota has an atrium, a food court, fountains and acres of parking. Its shops include a Dairy Queen, a Victoria's Secret and a purveyor of comic T-shirts. It may not seem like a landmark, as important to architectural history as the Louvre or New York's Woolworth Building. But it is. "oh, my god!" chimes a group of teenage girls, on learning that they are standing in the world's first true shopping mall. "That is the coolest thing anybody has said to us all day. " In the past half century Southdale and its many imitators have transformed shopping habits, urban economies and teenage speech. America now has some 1,100 enclosed shopping malls, according to the International Council of Shopping Centres. Clones have appeared from Chennai to Martinique. Yet the mall's story is far from triumphal. Invented by a European socialist who hated cars and came to deride his own creation, it has a murky future. While malls continue to multiply outside America, they are gradually dying in the country that pioneered them. Southdale's creator arrived in America as a refugee from Nazi-occupied Vienna. Victor Gruen was a Jewish bohemian who began to design shops for fellow immigrants in New York after failing in cabaret theatre. His work was admired partly for its uncluttered, modernist look, which seemed revolutionary in 1930s America. But Gruen's secret was the way he used arcades and eye-level display cases to lure customers into stores almost against their will. As a critic complained, his shops were like mousetraps. A few years later the same would be said of his shopping malls. By the 1940s department stores were already moving to the suburbs. Some had begun to build adjacent strips of shops, which they filled with boutiques in an attempt to re-create urban shopping districts. In 1947 a shopping centre opened in Los Angeles featuring two department stores, a cluster of small shops and a large car park. It was, in effect, an outdoor shopping mall. Fine for balmy southern California, perhaps, but not for Minnesota's harsh climate. Commissioned to build a shopping centre at Southdale in 1956, Gruen threw a roof over the structure and installed an air-conditioning system to keep the temperature at 75°F (24℃)—which a contemporary press release called "Eternal Spring". The mall was born. Gruen got an extraordinary number of things right first time. He built a sloping road around the perimeter of the mall, so that half of the shoppers entered on the ground floor and half on the first floor-something that became a standard feature of malls. Southdale's balconies were low, so that shoppers could see the shops on the floor above or below them. The car park had animal signs to help shoppers remember the way back to their vehicles. It was as though Orville and Wilbur Wright had not just discovered powered flight but had built a plane with tray tables and a duty-free service.

单选题The author would most probably regard the. criticism of methanol as ______.

单选题According to the passage, Susana Saulquin

单选题The term "ubiquitous" ( Line 5, Paragraph 5) most probably means

单选题The author writes of the experiences of Jim Clark to demonstrate

单选题At present, the U.S. East Coast is at potential hazard to be triggered by

单选题You would think that people with a history of being discriminated against in the workplace might give those whom they resemble a break. But a growing body of research confirms exactly the opposite: women are just as likely as men to show, sexism toward women in hiring practices, salaries and professional mentorship. Overt displays of sexism are largely passe in the American workplace. What remains, unfortunately, is a set of subtler and more ingrained cognitive biases deeply rooted in our evolutionary and cultural past. Getting rid of them will require an honest reckoning with the inalienable fact that humans are inclined to make implicit errors in perception and even good people who actively avoid bias may nonetheless harbor subtle yet damaging stereotypes of which they are unaware. In one of the latest studies, a psychology experiment published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, senior science faculty across the U.S. were presented with identical resumes for a lab-manager job (a position that can often lead to graduate study) that differed only in the gender of the hypothetical applicant. The resume raters were statistically more likely to rate the male candidate higher on competence and hirability and were also more likely to offer the male candidate a bigger salary and greater professional mentorship. By contrast, the hypothetical female applicants were rated more likable but less hirable. Female scientists were just as likely to favor male candidates as potential hires as male scientists were. There are countless examples of bias against women by both sexes in nonscience fields, including, famously, the increase in women who were hired for orchestras when musicians auditioned behind a blind screen. It's hard to imagine why this kind of cognitive bias persists in the 21st century, especially when the achievement gaps between males and females arc closing rapidly. But this only seems puzzling because we tend to think that bias is an evil word, infected with uglyisms and the deliberate diminishing of certain kinds of people. Current research is showing that all human beings have unconscious cognitive biases—what Harvard professor Mahzarin Banaji calls "mind bugs. "These biases may have been adaptive thousands of years ago, when people lived in small, homogeneous communities and in-group favoritism might have made the difference between life and death. But they are problematic in our global 21st century world. The pervasiveness of cognitive bias is depressing. It's more comfortable to think of sexism or racism or ageism as a symptom of a few rotten apples than as a fundamental human trait. But if we're all doing it, even to ourselves ,how on earth can we move beyond the stereotypes? If we want to eliminate the perception that women are less competent than men for certain jobs held by both sexes, it's not enough to hire more women for traditionally male-dominated jobs. A more fundamental problem is that cognitive bias is rooted not only in our primitive past but also in our contemporary culture. We can't be surprised by unconscious stereotypes about women when we still embrace a culture infected with sexism in everything from popular movies to recent congressional debates.

单选题{{B}}Text 2{{/B}} Every year New Zealanders living in London can be seen loading up {{U}}Kombi{{/U}} vans and heading off to experience the "classic European holiday". The trip usually starts in the north of France, after crossing the channel from Dover in England to Calais, driving down through France, over the Pyrenees into Spain, west into Portugal and then across the Continent to Italy and often beyond. There are numerous reasons young New Zealanders take this rite of passage—as well as seeing all the fantastic sights and tasting the delights of Europe's food and wine, it's relatively inexpensive. The Kombi is transport and accommodation all in one, cutting down significantly on costs. There is just one problem. As the Kombis become "antique", these trips are usually punctuated with numerous roadside sessions as the van sits idle, in no hurry to start, while you swelter in the hot sun. But do not let this deter you. Travelling Europe in your own vehicle means no public transport schedules to cramp your style, the ability to explore the quaint, off-the- beaten-track villages where the "real" locals live, freedom to not have to book accommodation in advance—you can nearly always get a campsite and can load your vehicle with cheap, fantastic regional wines and souvenirs. With these bonuses in mind, here are some suggestions for planning the great Europe road adventure. The key to a pleasurable driving experience is a good navigator and a driver with a cool head. If you do not feel relaxed driving' around New Zealand's cities and highways, then you probably will not enjoy driving around Europe. As co-pilot to the driver, you need to read (and understand) maps, look out for turn-offs--and keep the music playing. Language is not a big problem once a few essential terms are mastered. The biggest challenge is in the cities, where traffic can be chaotic and elaborate one-way systems and narrow, cobbled alleyways can make finding your destination hard work. It can be easier to leave the vehicle on the outskirts of town or in a camping ground and use public transport. This also avoids paying for costly parking.

单选题According to paragraph 4, Burke's great concern about the current system is that