单选题______can best describe the following group of words; fry→fried, Sunday + school→ Sunday school.

单选题His former employer recommended him highly as having been a very industrious worker.

单选题Whenever possible, Ian______how well he speaks Japanese.

单选题In spite of the wide range of reading material specially written or ____________for language learning purposes, there is yet no comprehensive systematic programme for the reading skills.

单选题The three most eminent novelists who represent the three phases of the Victorian novels are Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy and______.

单选题Disposing of waste has been a problem since human started producing it. As more and more people 【C21】______to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult. During the eighteenth century, it was【C22】______for several neighboring towns to get together to select faraway spot as a dumpsite. Residents or trash haulers would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem【C23】______nobody lived close by. Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those【C24】______ on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem. Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily【C25】______areas. Such areas rarely have empty land【C26】______for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are 【C27】______to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent. Awareness of pollution dangers has 【C28】______in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a【C29】______people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow. Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many town require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, 【C30】______, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city's reusable waste.

单选题Speakers of particular social groups, such as teenagers, criminals, soldiers, or pop-groups, have their "in-group" language called ______.

单选题Read the following passage carefully and then decide whether the statements which follow are true(T)or false(F). Dr. Christakis and his research partner, James H. Fowler, an associate professor at the School of Medicine at the University of California, San Diego, created an international uproar in 2007 when they published a study on obesity. In it, they reported that fat could be catching—spreading through social ties. One of the study"s findings was that a person"s chance of becoming obese increased 57 percent if the person had a friend who became obese. Another surprising finding of the study, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, was that one"s chance of becoming obese was influenced not only by the weight gain of friends but also by friends of friends who gained weight. Since then, the researchers have examined how other health-related behaviors and conditions— drug use and sleeplessness among teenagers, smoking and happiness—spread through social networks. And they have published a book explaining their work, titled "Connected: The Surprising Power of Our Social Networks and How They Shape Our Lives. " Now Dr. Christakis and Professor Fowler, as well as other scientists, are turning their attention to a new research area: how to harness social networks to promote public health. Of course, we already know that people can and do change their health habits when they seek out and participate in new social groupings, like Weight Watchers. But how do we extract information from existing social networks to improve public health? One method is to identify social connectors, people who spend time with more friends than average—and are thus exposed to more germs and are more likely to be among the first to contract contagious diseases like the flu. If health officials could find and track those social butterflies, they could tap into an early-detection system for epidemics and figure out whom to vaccinate first in order to slow the spread of disease. Last winter, Dr. Christakis and Professor Fowler tried just such a strategy—monitoring people"s friends—to track the spread of H1N1 flu at Harvard. They monitored 744 undergraduates who were either selected at random or were named as friends by the randomly selected students. Then they followed the undergrads, using their electronic medical records, to identify which students went to the university health service complaining of flu symptoms. The method is based on " the friendship paradox" —the counterintuitive idea that your friends have more friends than you do. In other words, you"re more likely to be friends with popular people than with loners. And those popular people tend to be closer to the core of a social network. In the Harvard study, published Wednesday in the scientific journal PLoS One, the flu developed about two weeks earlier in the friend group than in the randomly selected group. The results, the study leaders say, indicate that public health officials could use friend monitoring like sentinel nodes in the human body, as an early-detection system for disease. Friend monitoring systems could also be used to identify flu trends faster than methods now used by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention—or on Google, for that matter—because the friend system pinpoints signs of an epidemic before it peaks in the general population, Professor Fowler says. "This method, although we have studied H1N1, could be applied to anything that spreads— smoking, weight gain, " he says. Some researchers are also studying how a social network"s structure affects the speed at which people adopt and stick to health habits. To that end, Damon Centola, an assistant professor of economic sociology at the Sloan School of Management at M. I. T. , conducted an experiment with more than 1 , 500 people. He created a Web-based health forum where they had access to and could rate health information sites. Professor Centola then randomly assigned participants to one of two social network designs; one was set up like a residential neighborhood, with clusters of overlapping ties among neighbors; the other was a casual network where people did not share social ties. Each participant was matched with other members, called "health buddies. " Although people could not contact their buddies directly, they received e-mail from the system about their buddies" activities on the site. The neighborhood structure turned out to be much better than the random social network at prompting people in the study to join and participate in the health forum, according to Professor Centola"s report, published this month in the journal Science. More important, Professor Centola says, the more e-mails that people received about the activities of their health buddies, the more often they returned to the forum. In the real world, he says, this means the amount of social reinforcement you give to people to improve their health habits may be more important than who is encouraging them to do so. In other words, a local community network of friends and neighbors may be more important than a remote celebrity spokesman in stopping the spread of, say, sexually transmitted diseases among teenagers.

单选题He thought A that the aim B of philosophy C was to discover the good, D beautiful and the true.

单选题______is not included in Firth"s famous Context of Situation theory.

单选题Within hours of appearing on television to announce the end of conscription, President Jacques Chirac moved quickly to prevent any dissent from within the military establishment. Addressing more than 500 military staff officers at the military academy in Paris yesterday, Mr. Chirac said clearly that he "expected" their loyalty in the work of rebuilding France"s national defense. He understood their " legitimate concerns, questions and emotions" at the reforms, but added, "You must understand that there is not and never has been any rigid model for French defense. Military service has been compulsory for less than a century. Realism required that our armed forces should now be professional. " The President"s decision to abolish conscription over a period of six years removes a rite of passage for young Frenchmen that has existed since the Revolution, even though obligatory national service only became law in 1905. As recently as 1993 , an opinion poll showed that more than 60% of French people said they feared the abolition of conscription could endanger national security. A poll conducted this month, however, showed that 70% of those asked favored ending of practice, and on the streets and offices yesterday, the response to Mr. Chirac"s announcement was generally positive. Among people who completed their 10-month period of national service in the last few years or were contemplating the prospect, there was almost universal approval, tempered by a sense that something hard to define—mixing with people from other backgrounds, a formative experience, a process that encouraged national or social cohesion—might be lost. Patrick, who spent his year in the French city of Valance assigning and collecting uniforms, and is now a computer manager, said he was in tears for his first week, and hated most of his time. He thought it was "useless" as a form of military training-—"I only fired a rifle twice"—but, in retrospect, useful for learning how to get on with people and instilling patriotism. As many as 25% of those liable for military service in France somehow avoid it—the percentage is probably much greater in the more educated and higher social classes. According to Geoffroy, a 26-year-old reporter, who spent his time in the navy with the information office in central Paris, the injustice is a good reason for abolishing it. People with money or connections, he said, can get well-paid assignments abroad. "It"s not fair, some do it, some don"t. " Several expressed support for the idea of a new socially-oriented voluntary service that would be open to both men and women. But the idea seemed less popular among women. At present, women have the option of voluntary service and a small number choose to take it.

单选题______are the places where, in the 17th to 19th centuries in Britain, very poor, homeless people did very unpleasant jobs in return for food and shelter.

单选题______is celebrated by English people in November.

单选题Since the two countries couldn't ______ their differences, they decided to stop their negotiations.

单选题The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as______in the literary history of the United States.

单选题It was your father who suggested that you______medicine.

单选题Uvular is made with the back of the tongue and the uvula.（大连外国语学院2008研)

单选题Glass-fiber cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations______.

单选题Uncle Sam ______very far when he remembered that he had not taken his notebook with him.

单选题When I accepted a volunteer position as a social worker at a domestic violence shelter in a developing nation, I imagined the position for which my university experience had prepared me. I envisioned conducting intake interviews and traipsing around from organization to organization seeking the legal, psychological, and financial support that the women would need to rebuild their lives. When I arrived, I felt as if I already had months of experience, experience garnered in the hypothetical situations I had invented and subsequently resolved single-handedly and seamlessly. I felt thoroughly prepared to tackle head-on the situation I assumed was waiting for me. I arrived full of zeal, knocking at the shelter"s door. Within moments, my reality made a sharp break from that which I had anticipated. The coordinator explained that the shelter"s need for financial self-sufficiency had become obvious and acute. To address this, the center was planning to open a bakery. I immediately enthused about the project, making many references to the small enterprise case studies I had researched at the university. In response to my impassioned reply, the coordinator declared me in charge of the bakery and left in order to " get out of my way. " At that moment, I was as prepared to bake bread as I was to run for political office. The bigger problem, however, was that I was completely unfamiliar with the for-profit business models necessary to run the bakery. I was out of my depth in a foreign river with only my coordinator"s confidence to keep me afloat. They say that necessity is the mother of invention. I soon found that it is also the mother of initiative. I began finding recipes and appropriating the expertise of friends. With their help making bread, balancing books, printing pamphlets and making contacts, the bakery was soon running smoothly and successfully. After a short time it became a significant source of income for the house. In addition to funds, baking bread provided a natural environment in which to work with and get to know the women of the shelter. Kneading dough side by side, I shared in the camaraderie of the kitchen, treated to stories about their children and the towns and jobs they had had to leave behind to ensure their safety. Baking helped me develop strong relationships with the women and advanced my understanding of their situations. It also improved the women"s self-esteem. Their ability to master a new skill gave them confidence in themselves, and the fact that the bakery contributed to the upkeep of the house gave the women, many of them newly single, a sense of pride and the conviction that they had the capability to support themselves. Baking gave me the opportunity to work in a capacity I had not at all anticipated, but one that proved very successful. I became a more sensitive and skillful social worker, capable of making a mean seven-grain loaf. Learning to bake gave me as much newfound self-confidence as it gave the women, and I found that sometimes quality social work can be as simple as kneading dough.