手稿，原稿

BPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese./B

苏格兰独立公投

工业部门和政府机构两个方面都必须对航空试验设备的规划和研制工作有个明确的指导思想。这种指导思想必须根据基本技术发展趋势，仔细地把发展件设备规划同技术目标和商业目标联系起来。规划获准的环境条件会对这样的规划产生强烈的影响。通常，最困难的问题是能否及早筹集大笔基建投资，以便适时提供设备，满足实际研制工作的需要。 人们通常根据飞行任务的类型来考察各种各样的未来航空器，并试图从下述五个重要方面来判断基本的技术发展趋势：总重、尺寸、飞行高度、最大飞行进度以及提供的推力与功率。在所有这五个方面都存在着明显的发展趋势，它们强烈显示出对新设备的需求。

公益文化活动

USAID

non-performing loans

国民生产总值

大规模杀伤性武器

deficit budget

Boxing Day is traditionally the day following Christmas Day, when servants and tradesmen would receive gifts from their bosses or employers, known as a " Christmas box.

市场占有率

small and medium enterprises(SEMs)

modern distance education

B汉译英/B

保税区

In his classic novel, The Pioneers, James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered. All she sees is a forest. "Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?" she asks. He's astonished she can't see them. "Where! Everywhere, " he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they were as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished. Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mind edness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, "Life for me American is always becoming, never being. " In 2012, America will still be the place where the future happens first, for that is the nation's oldest tradition. The early Puritans lived in almost Stone Age conditions, but they were inspired by visions of future glories, God's kingdom on earth. The early pioneers would sometimes travel past perfectly good farmland, because they were convinced that even more amazing land could be found over the next ridge. The Founding Fathers took 13 scraggly colonies and believed they were creating a new nation on earth. The railroad speculators envisioned magnificent fortunes built on bands of iron. It's now fashionable to ridicule the visions of dot-com entrepreneurs of the 1990s, but they had inherited the urge to leap for the horizon. "The Future is the Bible of the Free. " This future-mindedness explains many modern features of American life. It explains workaholism; the average American works 350 hours a year more than the average European. Americans move more, in search of that brighter tomorrow, than people in other lands. They also, sadly, divorce more, for the same reason. Americans adopt new technologies such as online shopping and credit cards much more quickly than people in other countries. Forty-five percent of world Internet use takes place in the United States. Even today, after the bursting of the stock-market bubble, American venture-capital firms—which are in the business of betting on the future—dwarf the firms from all other nations. Future-mindedness contributes to the disorder in American life, the obliviousness to history, the high rates of family breakdown, the frenzied waste of natural resources. It also leads to incredible innovations. According to the Yale historian Paul Kennedy, 75 percent of the Nobel laureates in economics and the sciences over recent decades have lived or worked in the United States. The country remains a magnet for the future-minded from other nations. One in 12 Americans has enjoyed the thrill and challenge of starting his own business. A study published in the Journal of International Business Studies in 2000 showed that innovative people are spread pretty evenly throughout the globe, but Americans are most comfortable with risk. Entrepreneurs in the US are more likely to believe that they possess the ability to shape their own future than people in, say, Britain, Australia or Singapore. If the 1990s were a great decade of future-mindedness, we are now in the midst of a season of experience. It seems cooler to be skeptical, to pooh-pooh all those IPO suckers who lost their money betting on the telecom future. But the world is not becoming more French. By 2012, this period of chastisement will likely have run its course, and future-mindedness will be back in vogue, for better or worse. We don't know exactly what the next future-minded frenzy will look like. We do know where it will take place: the American suburb. In 1979, three quarters of American office space were located in central cities. The new companies, research centers and entrepreneurs are flocking to these low buildings near airports, highways and Wal-Mart malls, and they are creating a new kind of suburban life. There are entirely new metropolises rising—boom suburbs like Mesa, Arizona, that already have more people than Minneapolis or St. Louis. We are now approaching a moment in which the majority of American office space, and the hub of American entrepreneurship, will be found in quiet office parks in places like Rockville, Maryland, and in the sprawling suburbosphere around Atlanta. We also know that future-mindedness itself will become the object of greater study. We are discovering that there are many things that human beings do easily that computers can do only with great difficulty, if at all. Cognitive scientists are now trying to decode the human imagination, to understand how brain visualizes, dreams and creates. And we know, too, that where there is future-mindedness there is hope.

LCD

香港特别行政区政府

IMF