单选题The study of physical properties of the sounds produced in speech is closely connected with______.(大连外国语学院2008研)

单选题______ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.

单选题When preceding /p/, the negative prefix in-changes to im-through a process called ______

单选题The process by means of which human beings arbitrarily make certain things stand for other things may be called the symbolic process. Everywhere we turn, we see the symbolic process at work. There are 1 things men do or want to do, possess or want to possess, that have not a symbolic value. Almost all fashionable clothes are 2 symbolic, so is food. We 3 our furniture to serve 4 visible symbols of our taste, wealth, and social position. We often choose our houses 5 the basis of a feeling that it "looks well" to have a "good address". We trade perfectly good cars in for 6 models not always to get better transportation, but to give 7 to the community that we can 8 it. Such complicated and apparently 9 behavior leads philosophers to ask over and over again, "why can"t human beings 10 simply and naturally?" Often the complexity of human life makes us look enviously at the relative 11 of such lives as dogs and cats. Simply, the fact that symbolic process makes complexity possible is no 12 for wanting to 13 to a cat-and-dog existence. A better solution is to understand the symbolic process 14 instead of being its slaves we become, to some degree at least, its 15 .

单选题Do you believe that a kilogram of carrots could cost $ 10, 000? My carrots cost me that much last year. Last summer I had to completely renovate my kitchen and it was all because of a bunch of carrots. The story begins with my picking twelve carrots from my vegetable garden and ends with my getting a new kitchen. I have a vegetable garden and every summer I enjoy eating my own vegetables. One day last summer I picked a dozen carrots. Usually, as soon as I have picked the carrots, I clean the dirt off them by rinsing them in a bucket of water. I keep a full bucket of water beside the garden just for this purpose. But this day, as I was getting up from the ground with my twelve carrots, I tripped and fell over the bucket. The water spilled out of the bucket and went all over my feet. I ran into the house to change my shoes and socks. When I was finally dry and clean, I realized that I had very little time to make dinner. The carrots were part of dinner, so I decided to wash the carrots quickly in the kitchen sink. The carrots were covered in a large amount of dirt from the garden. I put the carrots in the sink, rinsed them with water, and watched all the dirt wash away down the drain. The next day, when I was washing dishes, I noticed that the water drained out of the sink much more slowly than usual. It drained so slowly that I went to the store and bought a bottle of special drain cleaner. I used the drain cleaner and the water seemed to drain a little faster. However, the following day the drain worked even more slowly, I spent $ 100 on different kinds of drain cleaner. None of them worked. Soon the water did not drain at all. At this point I called a plumber to come and fix my drain. The plumber tried a lot of different cleaners and equipment, but nothing worked. He tried to go under the house to check the pipes, but he couldn"t reach them. He had to cut a hole in the floor where the drain pipe was in order to try to find the problem. While he was cutting the small hole, he accidentally cut the hot-water pipe. Hot water sprayed over the plumber, onto the floor, behind the counters, under the refrigerator; water went everywhere. Two hours later we finally finished cleaning up all the water. But the water had caused a lot of damage. My refrigerator stopped working because the water had affected the electrical wires. I called an electrician to come and fix the refrigerator. The electrician had to move the refrigerator to work on the wires. In order to move the refrigerator, she had to balance it on an angle and pull it away from the wall. As the electrician was balancing it, she tripped over the plumber"s tools. She fell down and the refrigerator tipped over. It crashed into the wall, resulting in a huge hole in the wall. I called a carpenter to come and fix the wall. In order to repair the hole in the wall, the carpenter had to tear down half of the entire wall. When the wall was half gone, the electrician found more electrical problems caused by the water damage. This resulted in the other half of the wall being removed to replace the damaged wiring. Meanwhile, the plumber was still looking for the source of the drain problem. Since the kitchen was in a terrible mess anyway, the plumber decided to remove part of the floor to look at the pipe there. In the middle of the floor, he found the problem; the dirt from the carrots was stuck in the pipe and nothing could go through or past the clump of dirt. Now I had a sink that did not drain, a refrigerator that did not work, a wall that was gone, and part of a floor that was missing. I looked at this disaster and decided that what I really needed was a new kitchen. Finally, I called a house builder to come and fix my kitchen. Three weeks later I had a new sink, a new refrigerator, new cupboards on a new wall, new tiles on a new floor, and $ 10, 000 less in my bank. I have learned my lesson, I never wash carrots in the kitchen sink; I get them, clean and ready to eat, from the store.

单选题The manager tried to wave aside these issues as______details that would be settled later.

单选题Which one of the following words is most appropriate when you describe the character of Katherine in Wuthering Heights?

单选题The word fan is formed by the way of______.

单选题In Austin"s term, the verb "appreciate" in the sentence "I really appreciate what you have done for me" is a(an)______.

单选题The following statements about neo-classicism are all true EXCEPT______.

单选题Attitudes of respect, modesty and fair play can grow only out of slowly acquired skills that parents teach their children over many years through shared experience and memory. If a child reaches adulthood 21 recollections only of television, Little League and birthday parties, then that child has little to 22 w hen a true test of character comes up--say, in a (n) 23 business situation. " 24 that child feels grounded in who he is and where he comes from, 25 else is an act," says etiquette expert Betty Jo Trakimas. The Dickmeyers of Carmel, Indiana, 26 every Friday night as "family night" with their three children. Often the family plays board games or hide-and-seek. "My children love it," says Theresa, their mother. Can playing hide-and-seek really teach a child about manners? Yes, says Trakimas and 27 , because it tells the child that his parents 28 enough to spend time with him, he is loved and can learn to love others. "Manners aren"t about using the 29 fork," Trakimas adds, "Manners are about being kind--giving 30 , team-playing, making tiny sacrifices. Children learn that 31 their parents. While children don"t 32 warm to the idea of learning to be polite, there"s no reason for them to see manners as a bunch of dreary 33 either. They"re the building blocks of a child"s education. " 34 a rule becomes second nature, it frees us," Trakimas says. How well could Tiger Woods play golf if he had to keep 35 himself of the rules?

单选题Read the following passage and then judge whether the statements that follow are true or not.(10 ps) Though the New Criticism had its origins in Britain in the criticism of T. S. Eliot, the theory of L A. Richards and the practice of William Empson, its most powerful impact has been in America. John Crowe Ransom, who published a book entitled The New Criticism in 1941 , was the leading influence and he acknowledged a debt to Eliot and Richards. The other major American New Critics were Cleanth Brooks, Allen Tate, Robert Penn Warren and W. K. Wimsatt. Indirectly related to the New Criticism are such important figures as Kenneth Burke and R. P. Blackmur. The early New Critics were politically conservative and their attitudes to literature were shaped by their opposition to certain twentieth-century tendencies of thought, such as Marxism. The fundamental aim of American New Criticism was to create a critical alternative to impressionism and historical scholarship, and thus there are some parallels with Russian Formalism. It advocated " intrinsic" criticism—an impersonal concern for the literary work as an independent object—and opposed "extrinsic" critical approaches, which concerned themselves with such matters as authorial intention, historical, moral or political considerations, and audience response. The earlier New Criticism was primarily interested in lyric poetry and regarded most highly forms of poetry in which irony, tension, paradox and ambiguity interact with the semantics of language in such a way, they believed, as to render poetic meaning unique and unparaphrasable. They claimed, however, that poetry could impart knowledge but a form of knowledge radically different from knowledge in the scientific sense. They particularly admired metaphysical poetry. Because the New Criticism argued that poetic language is semantically different from non-poetic language since it does not refer beyond itself but only function contextually within the structure of the poem, it is sometimes called, perhaps confusingly, "contextualism. " In Richards and in such New Critics as Brooks, there is a similar emphasis on the special nature of poetic language and they also agree that the highest forms of poetry embody heterogeneous or what appear to be contradictory elements, necessitating the use of such critical terms as irony and paradox. But whereas Richards tends to discuss these aspects of poetry in relation to the reader's emotions and psychology, Brooks places the greatest emphasis on the poem as an objective structure, as his essay, " The Formalist Critic, " shows. Richards's concept of the literary work as " pseudo-statement, " however, as presented in "Poetry and Beliefs, " first published in his book Science and Poetry(1926), was fundamental to the New Criticism and this essay also shows how important the work of T. S. Eliot was to the New Critical approach. Kenneth Burke might be called the Bakhtin of the New Criticism. He goes part of the way with Brooks's type of formalism but has some sympathy with Marxist ideas and argues that one cannot leave out of account sociological and psychological factors. John. M. Ellis is a more recent theorist who defends fundamental New Critical concepts from a standpoints influenced by the later philosophy of Wittgenstein. F. R. Leavis has a strong claim to be the most influential British critic of the twentieth-century. He had a good deal in common with the American New Critics in that he attached great importance to language and literary form. In particular he emphasized the enactive power of literary language. But there is a stronger moral dimension in his criticism than one finds in the New Critics. It is perhaps paradoxical, however, to include him in a book devoted to literary theory since he refused to discuss his critical position in theoretical terms. The essay " Literary Criticism and Philosophy, " first published in Scrutiny in 1937, was a response to Rene Wellek's view that he needed to spell out the theoretical basis of his criticism. Though Leavis in his reply refused to defend his critical position in abstract terms, the arguments he uses to justify his refusal are of considerable theoretical interest. A theoretical justification of Leavis's position can, however, be formulated, as John Casey shows in his book The Language of Criticism. Indeed, Casey argues that implied theory that underlies Leavis's critical practice is both innovative and cogent, since it embodies a synthesis of expressionist and mimetic theories of art. Now read the following statements and judge whether they are true or not. If true, write T in the bracket following the statement; if not, write F in the bracket following the statement.

单选题It is prudent to keep your children within______when shopping.

单选题Terrorism is the calculated use of violence or threat of violence to attain goals that are political, religious, or ideological in nature through intimidation, coercion , or instilling fear.

单选题The formal language he used was much too______for his trivial subject.

单选题John is______hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.

单选题The belief that speakers of different languages perceive and experience the world differently is the notion of language relativism.

单选题It is easy to______ one state of matter from another.

单选题William and Mary jointly accepted______and were crowned jointly in Westminster Abbey, the age of constitutional monarchy began.

单选题Duality means that language has the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level consists of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.