填空题TheMaristpollfoundthatwhile65%ofpeoplewhomadearesolutionintheNewYearkepttheirpromiseforatleastpartoftheyear,35%neverevenmadeitoutofthegate.Indeed,whenyouwakeuponthefirstdayofanewyear—ordecade—resolutionsto"cutback"and"moderate"seembothanexcellentideaandanimpossiblyvaguedream.Butconsiderthis:ifhard-coreaddictscanbreakbadhabits,there'sstillhopeforyou.There'salotyoucanlearnfrompeoplewhohavesuccessfullymoderatedtheirhabitstohelpkeepyouofftheresolutionmerry-go-round."Themostimportantthingistobehonestwithyourself,"saysHowardJosepher,aformerheroinaddictandpresidentofExponentsInc."Youneedtoknowthedifferencebetweenenjoyingyourselfandself-deceiving.It'snotthatself-deceivingisnecessarilybad—butyoushouldgiveyourselfparameters.Ifyouareadheringtothem,OK.Ifnot,youneedtocheckyourself."Successfulcontrollersdecideinadvancehowmuchis"toomuch"—andsticktotheirlimit,nomatterwhat.Haveacookieaday,ifthat'swhatyou'vedeemedacceptable.Butifyou"cheat"byhaving"justonemore,"knowthatyouareonlycheatingyourselfandaggravatingtheproblem,hesays.Thepointistolearnhowtoholdyourselfaccountable."Theoretically,thereareverygoodreasonstotakeabreakfromabehavior,totally,"saysReidHester,directorofresearchatBehaviorTherapyAssociates,explainingthataninitialperiodofcompleteprohibitioncanmakeiteasierforpeopletomoderatebehavior,byeliminatingthehabitual,automaticaspectoftheunwantedactivity.Takeacuefromtheself-helpgroupModerationManagement,whichadvisesproblemdrinkerstogiveupcompletelyforamonthbeforeattemptingmoderatedrinking.Thebestwaytostayoncourseisfrequentself-monitoring;useasmanybehavior-modificationtools,supportgroupsandprogramsasyoucan."Betweenstimulusandresponse,there'saspace,andinthatspaceisourpowertochooseourresponse,andinourresponseliesourgrowthandfreedom,"saysAlanMarlatt,directoroftheAddictiveBehaviorsResearchCenterattheUniversityofWashington,quotingauthorandHolocaustsurvivorVictorFrankl.Marlattsays,"Mindfulnessgetsyouintothatspace."Beingmindfulmayinvolvetraditionalmeditation,inwhichyousitquietlyandobserveyourthoughtsandbreathingwithoutjudgment.Buthere,itisalsousedtofocusawarenessonthoughtsandfeelingsthatleadtounwantedbehavior.Simplyrecognizingthetriggerstoreturncanhelpyouchoosenottogiveintothem.Researchshowsthatinthelongterm,thepleasureofvictoryisabetterincentivethanthepainofdefeat."Punishmentisapoormotivator,"saysHester."Itsetspeopleupforfailure.Ifallyoudoispunishyourselfforfailure,youwon'tstaymotivatedtochangeforverylong."Instead,rewardyourselfforstickingtoyourlimitsandfocusonthebenefitsofchanging.Consciouslyandunconsciously,peopletendtoimitatethosearoundthem.That'swhythelatestresearchshowsthatthingslikehappiness,quittingsmokingandobesitycanspreadlikeacontagiousdiseasethroughsocialnetworks.So,surroundyourselfwithfriendswhocanalsoberolemodels."Makesurethatpeopleyouhangoutwitharepeoplewholookandactthewayyouwouldliketo.Socialimitationistheeasiestformnotonlyofflatterybutofself-improvement,"saysStantonPeele,authorofSevenToolstoBeatAddiction.
填空题A. Uniqueness B. Attentiveness C. Communication D. Personalization E. Appreciation F. Recognition G. Consideration It is often the little details that customers recall even more than the product they purchased or the service they received. Little details that customers notice, and that makes them feel good about not only making the purchase, but making the purchase from you, is a significant part of the overall customer experience. Here are several ways to go above and beyond good customer service and boost customer loyalty. 【R1】______ New York restaurant owner Danny Meyer is a master of detail, and his employees are trained to notice, and when appropriate act on, even the tiniest scraps of information they observe or discover about a guest. If you happen to mention when making a reservation that it's a birthday dinner, the manager will make it a point to come to the table and extend Danny's birthday wishes to the appropriate person. 【R2】______ Greeting your customer by name is a very meaningful and treasured detail that adds greatly to the way they experience doing business with you. If your office works by appointment, the receptionist should make sure she knows just who will be walking in the door next, and immediately greet them with eye contact, a smile and "Good morning, are you Mr. Morgan?" if she isn't sure if it's Mr. Morgan, or simply, "Good morning Mr. Morgan" if he is. 【R3】______ Don't we all have a story about the coffee shop waitress who doesn't ever need to be told how we like our iced tea, or the diner where the cook starts to make the same thing you always order the minute he sees you walk in the door? The salesperson who sends gifts in pink because she remembers that's your favorite color. These experiences add value, and they also instill an enormous amount of loyalty. Is there anything you and your staff can do to ensure your customers know that you not only pay attention to their preferences, but remember them and cater to them for each and every transaction? 【R4】______ When customers buy something that includes an outside component that's integral to its use or makes it more user-friendly, do you ask if they have that thing or if they still have enough of it left? For example, if you sell birthday cakes, do you have candles to go with it? If you have a pediatric dental practice, do you have a little stepstool in the bathroom so the child can reach the sink? 【R5】______ What do you do to show your customers, your clients or your patients that you appreciate them? After all, there are probably several other businesses that do what you do. Feeling appreciated is an experience that is universally meaningful. Always be sure to let your customers know that you are extending this extra to them because they are a valued customer and you want to show them that you appreciate them. Meaningful, memorable, fun, unusual and unexpected experiences influence the way customers perceive you in general and feel about you in particular. These little details are so easy to overlook, so tempting to brush off as unimportant But add a number of seemingly minor details together, and you end up with something of far more value than you would without them.
填空题LastmonthSherylSandberg,chiefoperatingofficeratFacebook,published"LeanIn",acontroversialdeclarationonwhywomenhavenotascendedtothemostseniorpositionsatcompanies.Sheconcludesthatitispartlywomen'sownfault:theydonot"leanin"andaskforpromotions,pipeupatmeetingsandinsistontakingaseatatthetable.Someofitisdowntosimplemiscommunication.BarbaraAnnisandJohnGrayarguein"WorkWithMe"thatmenandwomenarebiologicallywiredtothinkandreactdifferentlytosituations,andhave"genderblindspots"whenitcomestounderstandingtheirco-workers'behaviour.MsAnnis,wholeadsworkshopsongenderforbigcompaniesandgovernments,andMrGray,authorof"MenarefromMars,WomenarefromVenus",abestsellingbookin1992aboutrelationshipproblems,havecollaboratedtoproduceaneasy-to-readguidetoworkplacecommunications.Womenaskmorequestions,gathermorepeople'sopinionsandseekcollaborationwithco-workersmorefrequentlythanmen.Menviewthesepreferencesassignsofweakness,andwomen,inturn,growannoyedbyhowcompetitivelymenwork,andhowquicklyandsubjectivelytheyarriveatconclusions.Ifbothfemaleandmaleemployeesbecamemore"genderintelligent"abouthowtheirworkandbehaviouralpreferencesarehard-wired,itwouldcontributetoamoreharmoniousworkforce.Womenhavebeenchoosingtoleavecompaniesattwicetherateofmen,andmorethanhalfthewomenwhomtheauthorsmetinworkshopswereconsideringleavingtheirfirms.Womenoftentelltheirbossesthattheyarequittingforpersonalreasons,butthemajorityactuallyleavebecausetheyfeelexcludedfromteamsandnotvaluedfortheircontributions.Communicationandgenderequalityarenotjustproblemsatlargefirms.In"ARisingTide"SusanColemanandAliciaRobblookbeyondwomen'sexperienceatbigcompanies.Theyfocusinsteadonwomenentrepreneurs,whohavethepotentialtobecomeleadersintheirfield,earnahighincomeandhiremorewomen.Inapositiveshift,womenhavebeenstartingmorefirmsinthepastdecade.However,thesetendtobeintheserviceandretailindustries(asopposedtofast-growthindustriesliketechnology).Theyalsoremainsmallerthanmen'sfirms.MsColemanandMsRobbpointoutthatpartofthismaybebydesign;womensometimeswanttokeeptheirbusinessessmallinordertobalancetheirfamilyresponsibilities.However,womenalsooftenlackthefinancingthatmaleentrepreneursenjoy.Theyhavefewersavings,sousuallylaunchtheirbusinesseswithlesscapitalthanmen,andarelesslikelytoapplyforaloanforfearofbeingdenied.Howhasthesuccessofhigh-achieversdifferentiatedthemfromotherwomen?In"TheXXFactor",AlisonWolf,thedirectorofpublicpolicyandmanagementatKingsCollegeLondon,arguesthattherearenowaround70millionhighlyeducated,high-earningwomenaroundtheworld.Theyhavemoreincommonwithelitementhanwithotherwomen.Theseelitewomentendtomarrymoreoftenandhavefewerchildrenthanless-educatedwomen.Theyspendmoretimeworking,and,unexpectedly,moretimeparenting.MsSandbergalsomakesthispoint.Asthedemandsonwomenintheworkplacehaveincreased,sotoohavethestandardsforbeingagood,involvedmother—whichaddstothechallengesforwomenatthetop.
填空题Theaveragepriceofallgoodsandserviceshasrisenabout50percent.Butthepriceofacollegeeducationhasnearlydoubledinthattime.Istheeducationthattoday'sstudentsaregettingtwiceasgood?Arenewworkerstwiceassmart?Havetheybecomesomehowmassivelymoreexpensivetoeducate?Perhapsabit.RichardVedder,anOhioUniversityeconomicsprofessor,says,"Ilookatthedata,andIseecollegecostsrisingfasterthaninflationuptothemid-1980sby1percentayear.NowIseethemrising3to4percentayearoverinflation.Whathashappened?Thefederalgovernmenthasstarteddroppingmoneyoutofairplanes."Aidhasincreased,subsidizedloanshavebecomeavailable,and"theuniversitieshavegottenthemoney.It'sagiantwasteofresourcesthatwillcontinueaslongasthesubsidiescontinue."JamesHeckman,theNobelPrize-winningeconomist,hasexaminedhowthereturnsoneducationbreakdownforindividualswithdifferentbackgroundsandlevelsofability."Evenwiththesehighprices,you'restillfindingahighreturnforindividualswhoarebrightandmotivated,"hesays.Ontheotherhand,"ifyou'renotcollegeready,thentheanswerisno,it'snotworthit,"sayseconomicexpertDr.Kaminwhotendstoagreethatfortheaveragestudent,collegeisstillworthittoday,buthealsoagreesthattherapidincreaseinpriceiseatingupmoreandmoreofthepotentialreturn.Forborderlinestudents,tuitionrisecanpushthosereturnsintonegativeterritory.EducatorEliseBouldingseemstoagreethatthegovernment,andparents,shouldberethinkinghowweinvestinhighereducation—andthatemployersneedtorethinktheincreasinguseofcollegedegreesascrudescreeningtoolsforjobsthatdon'treallyrequirecollegeskills."Employersseeingasurplusofcollegegraduatesandlookingtofilljobsarejustaddingthatrequirement,"saysVedder."Infact,acollegedegreebecomesajobrequirementforbecomingabar-tender."Wehavestartedtoseesomechangeonthefinanceside.Alawpassedin2007allowsmanystudentstocaptheirloanpaymentat10percentoftheirincomeandforgivesanybalanceafter25years.Butofcourse,thatdoesn'tcontrolthecostofeducation;itjustshiftsittotaxpayers.Italsoencouragesgraduatestochooselower-payingcareers,whichreducesthefinancialreturntoeducationstillfurther."You'resubsidizingpeopletobecomepriestsandpoetsandsoforth,"saysHeckman."Youmaythinkthat'sagoodthing,oryoumaynot."Eitherwayitwillbeexpensiveforthegovernment.Whatmightbealotcheaperisputtingmorekidstowork.EconomistBryanCaplannotesthatworkalsobuildsvaluableskills—probablymorevaluableforkidswhodon'tnaturallylovesittinginaclassroom.Heckmanagreeswholeheartedly:"Peoplearedifferent,andthoseabilitiescanbeshaped.That'swhatwe'velearned,andpublicpolicyshouldrecognizethat."Heckmanwouldliketoseemoreapprenticeship-styleprograms,wherekidscanlearnintheworkplace—learnnotjustspecificjobskills,butthekindof"softskills,"likegettingtoworkontimeandgettingalongwithateam,thatarecrucialforcareersuccess."It'sabouthavingtutorsandhavingworkplace-basededucation,"hesays."TimeandagainI'veseenexamplesofthiskindofprogramworking."
AIDS Hitting African Farm Sector Hard Once a largely urban problem, AIDS has moved to rural areas in developing countries, devastating thousands of farming communities and leaving impoverished survivors scarcely able to feed themselves. The disease is no longer a health problem alone, but is having a measurable impact on food production, household food security and rural people" s ability to make a living. The latest statistical evidence on sub-Saharan Africa—the worsthit region—confirms the scale of the epidemic" s impact on the countryside. It is estimated that over half of the 28 million people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa live in rural areas. In order to estimate such figures, epidemiologists start with data taken from tests done on blood samples from pregnant women attending prenatal clinics. They then extrapolate the figures to estimate infection rates in larger areas. Recent findings point to two of the hardest-hit countries— Zimbabwe and Swaziland. "This is a real wake-up call for governments," says an expert on AIDS "Policy-makers are guided by evidence. Solid evidence is now coming in and will make governments understand how rural areas are actually more vulnerable to AIDS than urban areas. Recent reports from other African countries show a similar pattern of rampant rural infection. Poverty underlies the suffering and devastation behind these figures. The HIV/AIDS epidemic cannot be addressed without doing something about rural livelihoods: how people make their living, how they get enough food, what strategies they follow in order to survive.
国家文物局
European monetary integration
我们要高度重视精神文明以建设和谐社会。
host university
Based on the information given in Reading Passage 2, use YES, NO, NOT GIVEN YES if the statement agrees with the views of the writer NO if the statement contradicts the views of the writer NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this to mark the statements 16 - 20. Write the correct answers on the Answer Sheet.
Intellectual Property Rights
New York blends the gift of privacy with the excitement of participation; and better than most dense communities, it succeeds in insulating the individual (if he wants it, and almost everybody wants or needs it) against all enormous and violent and wonderful events that are taking place every minute. A man shot and killed his wife in a fit of jealousy. It caused no stir outside his block and got only small mention in the papers. I did not attend. Since my arrival, the greatest air show ever staged in all the world took place in town. I didn't attend and neither did most of the eight million other inhabitants, although they say there was quite a crowd. I didn't even hear any planes except a couple of westbound commercial airliners that habitually flying over past the hotel room I lived in. The biggest oceangoing ships on the North Atlantic arrived and departed. I didn't notice them and neither did most other New Yorkers. I am told this is the greatest seaport in the world, with 650 miles of waterfront, and ships calling here from many exotic lands, but the only boat I've happened to notice since my arrival was a small sloop going out of the East River night before last on the ebb tide when I was walking across the Brooklyn Bridge. I heard the Queen Mary blow one midnight, though, and the sound carried the whole history of departure and longing and loss.
international litigation
产业结构调整
Elysee Palace The Elysee Palace in France enjoys equal popularity in the world with the Buckingham Palace in the United Kingdom, the Kremlin in Russia as well as the White House in the U. S. A. It is the residence of the president of the French Republic and the symbol of the supreme authority in France. The Elysee Palace, with an area of 11,000 square meters, is at the eastern end of the Champs Elysee in the bustling city of Paris proper and backed by a large and tranquil garden of more than twenty thousand square meters. Its main building, quite handsome and graceful, is a 2-story classical stone architecture of European style, flanked by two side buildings facing each other and with an extensive rectangular courtyard in the middle. There are altogether 369 halls and rooms of different size. The Elysee Palace, built in 1718, has a long history of closing to 300 years to date. This house was at first a private residence of a count named d" Evreau, hence it was called Hotel d" Ev-reau. It had later gone through many vicissitudes and its owners had been changed for many times, but all the dwellers in it were distinguished personages and high officials. The house was renamed Bonaparte Mansion when it was owned by Louis XV and Louis XVI successively when they acted as emperors. Napoleon I signed his act of abdication here when he had suffered crushing defeat in the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Napoleon III moved in the Mansion in 1848 when he was elected president, and the house became a Royal Palace when he proclaimed himself as emperor. The Third French Republic issued a decree in 1873, designating officially the Elysee Palace as the residence of president of the French Republic. Over the hundred odd years since then, almost all the presidents of the French Republic worked and lived there. Starting from 1989, the Elysee Palace is open to the public every year in September on the French Castles Day.
破产
cultural deficit
随着印度规模庞大的人口中有更多的人开始使用手机，用户和服务提供商都面临的挑战之一是印度语言的多样性。印度有22个主要语种，有九种不同的文字系统。每种文字系统都有数十个字符，输入起来往往很麻烦。
The song you are about to hear was written by a well-known composer.
HBS