问答题Directions:Your son kicked his ball through your neighbor's window. Write a letter to tell your neighbor 1) your regret at hearing the news, 2) your intention to compensate for the damage, 3) your apology.You should write about 100 words on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题教育改革关键在于实现教育公平 目前，我国教育仍存在诸多问题，主要表现为教育投入、办学条件、投资力量城乡和地区之间差距大：进城务工的农民工子女上学困难；相当部分贫困学生难以承受高中和大学的学费；地区之间高等教育的入学机会存在明显差距。以上问题的根源在于教育的不公平。 教育公平是社会公平的基础，是建设社会主义和谐社会的客观要求。总书记指出：要坚定不移地实施科教兴国战略和人才强国战略。切实把教育放在优先发展的地位，推进教育事业的全面协调可持续发展，努力把我国建设成人力资源强国，为全面建设小康社会和实现中华民族的伟大复兴提供强有力的人才和人力资源保证。因此，各级政府和各部门必须站在全面建设小康社会和建设社会主义和谐社会的高度，以科学的发展观和正确的政绩观为指导，提高对教育公平的重视，采取有效措施来解决教育公平问题。 实现教育公平首先政府应当首当其冲，担当起责任。逐步增加公共财政对教育事业的支持力度，充分发挥政府的调节资源配置职能，公平地分配教育资源，尤其对贫困落后地区要做适当的政策倾斜，改变其办学条件差，师资力量薄弱的现状，实现教育质量公平。同时，政府要加大对教育管理的监督力度，把教育公平纳入政府绩效考核体系．加强政府教育问责制度建设。 其次，要改革现有的教育体制。取消重点校，改革高考的招考制度统一试卷、统一分数线、统一分专业，打破高考的户口、身份和地区界限。使广大考生拥有同等接受教育的机会，实现教育机会公平。 第三，加强和完善教育立法。要进一步加强和完善教育立法，用法律来保障教育公平的实现。进行高校管理制度、收费制度、贷款和还款制度、办学评估制度改革。针对教育领域存在的问题，用法律给予调整和规范。坚决打击教育领域的各种违法犯罪活动，坚决纠正各种教育收费不规范和乱收费行为。用法治精神确保教育公平的实现。 第四，建立教育社会救济制度，让贫困学生上得起学。政府一方面主动建立救济资金，另一方面鼓励企事业单位、社会组织和公众个人对贫困学生进行捐资助学。通过奖学金、助学金和贷学金等各种形式，对贫困家庭学生实行减收、免收学费和进行生活补贴，来解决贫困家庭子女和农民工子女上学问题。 第五，建立教育公平督导、监测和报告制度。定期进行教育信息公开披露。指定专门机构和人员，组织调查和检测教育公平的现状、变化和影响因素，协调相关部门督导和评价各级政府部门推进教育公平情况，定期向社会公布督导和评价结果。 教育是一个民族最根本的事业，涉及千家万户，惠及子孙后代，关系到国家的命运，关系到民族的长治久安，关系到广大人民的根本利益。在构建社会主义和谐社会中起到关键作用。消除歧视，建立教育公平是建立社会主义和谐社会的必然要求。孔子说；“有教无类”。只有实现公平才能有真正意义上的和谐局面，才能保证国民经济快速、持久的发展。

问答题 The middle classes have always been the defense wall of society. {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Aristotle believed they were democracy's secret weapon-the protectors of social values, the moderators of political extremism, and believers in a society run by laws instead of by strongmen.{{/U}} They have also been the engines of economic growth, setting the stage centuries ago for the expansion of capitalism and global trade, and continuing through the ages to snap up every new gadget in sight. {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Now, with the Western middle classes sinking into debt and distress, many economists look to a new emerging-market middle class as the potential foundation for a new age of global safety and prosperity.{{/U}} As large developing nations became more prosperous, it was always assumed that they would become more like the suburbs of Washington or London-liberal, democratic, market-friendly bastions not only of Western-style consumerism but also of political liberty. With time and wealth, "they" would become just like "us." The truth is that "they" are not becoming just like "us." {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}The global middle class is rising faster than expected, in numbers and in wealth, but converging incomes are not yielding shared values{{/U}}. The emerging bourgeoisie is a patchwork of contradictions: clamorous but rarely confrontational politically, supporters of globalization yet highly nationalistic, proud of their nations' upward mobility yet insecure and fearful they will fall back, fiercely individualistic but reliant on government subsidies, and often socially conservative. Many of the aspiring elite seem willing to let the powers that be-whether authoritarian governments or elected ones-call the shots as long as they deliver the spoils of growth. It's also worth remembering that the new middle classes are psychologically driven by an odd mix of pride and insecurity. {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Close to 30 percent of Brazil's new middle class owes its livelihood to the informal market, where income is irregular, safety nets are nonexistent, and opportunity for entrepreneurship is limited{{/U}}. Many have borrowed their way to higher living standards, one reason perhaps that 53 percent say they live in fear of unemployment, loss of income, or even bankruptcy. They have benefited from the explosion of private schools but have seen the overall quality of education plummet, eroding one of the classic middle-class paths to social mobility. {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Indeed, some development economists argue that the poor will be a greater force for social change, but their ability to become a force for better government, greater freedoms, less corruption, and more economic liberty is much less certain.{{/U}} "They" have a very long way to go before becoming "us."

问答题Directions:Writeanessayof160—200wordsbasedonthefollowingcartoon.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethepicturebriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)supportyourviewwithanexample/examplesYoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

问答题According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge. 46)Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. 47)"In short", a leader of the new school contends, "the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions." 48)Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft information and technological devices of different kinds that were unable in scientific experiments. The centerpiece of the argument of a technology-yes, genius-no advocate was an analysis of Galileo's role at the start of the scientific revolution. The wisdom of the day was derived from Ptolemy, an astronomer of the second century, whose elaborate system of the sky put Earth at the center of all heavenly motions. 49)Galileo's greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the Earth. But the real hero of the story, according to the new school of scientists, was the long evolution in the improvement of machinery for making eyeglasses. Federal policy is necessarily involved in the technology vs. genius dispute. 50)Whether the government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa (反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Studythefollowingtablecarefullyandwriteanarticleonthechangesofpeople'sdailyexpensesinXcity.Inyourarticle,youshouldcoverthefollowingpoints:1)describethechanges,2)analysethereasonsandgiveyourcomments.Youshouldwrite160～200wordsneatlyonAnswerSheet2.

问答题 What is it that brings about such an intimate connection between language and thinking? Is there no thinking without the use of language, namely in concepts and concept combinations for which words need not necessarily come to mind? Has not every one of us struggled for words although the connection between "things" was already clear? (46) {{U}}We might be inclined to attribute to the act of thinking complete independence from language if the individual formed or were able to form his concepts without the verbal guidance of his environment.{{/U}} Yet most likely the mental shape of an individual, growing up under such conditions, would be very poor. Thus we may conclude that the mental development of the individual and his way of forming concepts depend to a high degree upon language. This makes us realize to what extent the same language means the same mentality. In this sense thinking and language are linked together. What distinguishes the language of science from languages as we ordinarily understand the word? How is it that scientific language is international? (47) {{U}}What science strives for is an utmost acuteness and clarity of concepts as regards their mutual relation and their correspondence to sensory data.{{/U}} As an illustration, let us take the language of Euclidean geometry and Algebra. They manipulate with a small number of independently introduced concepts, respectively symbols, such as the integral number, the straight line, the point, as well as with signs which designate the fundamental concepts. This is the basis for the construction, respectively definition of all other statements and concepts. The connection between concepts and statements on the one hand and the sensory data on the other hand is established through acts of counting and measuring whose performance is sufficiently well determined. (48) {{U}}The super-national character of scientific concepts and scientific language is due to the fact that they have been set up by the best brains of all countries and all times.{{/U}} In solitude and yet in cooperative effort as regards the final effect they created the spiritual tools for the technical revolutions which have transformed the life of mankind in the last centuries. Their system of concepts has served as a guide in the bewildering chaos of perceptions so that we learned to grasp general truths from particular observations. What hopes and fears does the scientific method imply for mankind? I do not think that this is the right way to put the question. Whatever this tool in the hand of man will produce depends entirely on the nature of the goals alive in this mankind. Once these goals exist, the scientific method furnishes means to realize them. Yet it cannot furnish the very goals. (49) {{U}}The scientific method itself would not have led anywhere, and it' would not even have been born without a passionate striving for clear understanding.{{/U}} Perfection of means and confusion of goals seem—in my opinion—to characterize our age. (50) {{U}}If we desire sincerely and passionately the safety, the welfare arid the free development of the talents of all men, we shall not be in want of the means to approach such a state.{{/U}} Even if only a small part of mankind strives for such goals, their superiority will prove itself in the long run.

问答题 Directions: Study the picture above carefully and write an essay entitled "Cars: Should We Love Them or Hate Them?" In the essay, you should (1) describe the picture; (2) interpret its meaning; (3) give your opinion about the phenomenon, You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Directions: Suppose you are an English teacher and you intend to work part-time during your vocation. Write a letter of application for a post you would like. Your letter should include: 1) Telling how you learned the news and show your desire to get the position. 2) Describe your education background and working experience. 3) Express your wish to have an interview opportunity. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题The term "Ice Age" may give a wrong impression. (46) The epoch that spanned the 1.5 to 2.0 million years prior to the current geologic epoch was not one long continuous process, but a period of fluctuating climate with ice advances interrupted by times of climate not very different from the climate experienced now. Ice sheets that derived from an ice cap centered on northern Scandinavia reached southward to Central Europe. And beyond the margins of the ice sheets, climatic oscillations affected most of the rest of the world; for example, in the deserts, periods of wetter conditions (pluvials) contrasted with drier, interpluvial periods. (47) Although the time involved is so short, about 0.04 percent of the total age of the Earth, the amount of attention devoted has been incredibly large, probably because of its immediacy, and because the epoch largely coincides with the appearance on Earth of humans and their immediate ancestors. There is no reliable way of dating much of the Ice Age. Geological dates are usually obtained by using the rates of decay of various radioactive elements found in minerals. Some of these rates are suitable for very old rocks but involve increasing errors when used for young rocks; others are suitable for every young rocks and errors increase rapidly in older rocks. Most of the Ice Age spans a period of time for which no element has as appropriate decay rate. (48) Nevertheless, researchers of the Pleistocene epoch (更新世)have developed all sorts of more or less fanciful model schemes of how they would have arranged the Ice Age had they been in charge of such geological events. For example, an early classification of Alpine glaciation suggested the existence there of four glaciations. (49) This succession was based primarily on a series of deposits and events not directly related to these periods, rather than on the more usual modern method of studying biological remains found in ice beds. Yet this succession was forced willy-nilly onto the glaciated parts of Northern Europe, where there are partial successions of true glacial ground moraines and interglacial deposits, with hopes of ultimately piecing them together to provide a complete Pleistocene succession. Eradication of the Alpine nomenclature is still proving a Herculean task. There is no conclusive evidence about the relative length, complexity, and temperatures of the various glacial and interglacial periods. We do not know whether we live in a postglacial period or an interglacial period. The chill truth seems to be that we are already past the optimum climate of postglacial time. (50) Studies of certain fossil distributions and of certain temperate plants suggest decreases of a degree or two in both summer and winter temperatures and, therefore, that we may be in the declining climatic phase leading to the Ice Age and extinction.

问答题Directions: Your friend Xiao Wen failed the job interview of a large enterprise. Write a letter to her with the following information. 1) words of comforting; 2) encouragement; and 3) your advice. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Thechartbelowshowsthechangesofconsumerindexinacertaincountryfrom1930to1980.Studythechartcarefullyandwriteanessayto1)describethetrendofconsumptionasrevealedinthechart,2)explainthepossiblereasonunderliningthistrend,and3)giveyourcomment.Youshouldwrite160-200wordsonAnswerSheetⅡ.