问答题1) express your gratitude 2) show your appreciation of the good days you've had together 3) and give her your wishes. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

问答题The notion that we might need nuclear energy to stave off global warming makes me want to laugh and cry at the same time. It is a self-fulfilling prophecy that began when Ronald Reagan took office in 1981 and promptly removed Jimmy Carter's solar panels from the White House roof. (46) It was not simply a symbolic act. Reagan also slashed alternative energy funding so deeply that it virtually put the solar industry out of business. (47) Alternatives are hampered today because Reagan was doing then what Bush is doing now: serving the interests of big oil, which seeks to squeeze out every last drop of profit from fossil fuels. The war in Iraq and other foreign policy actions today continue with that aim. And nuclear is not unlike oil in that it is a very centralized industry, controlled by a few companies. It will enrich the few and further hamper progress for renewables. (48) A decentralized energy future will be far better for an economy that wants to float all boats ( not just yachts) while not having so many energy eggs in one basket. That nuclear might belong in the mix right now is only due to the climate predicament we are in because of our past sins. If undertaken at all, it should only be a bridge (a "necessary evil") to a future powered instead by many forms of safe, clean energy sources. Much is happening now in that regard, spurred by our almost sudden acceptance that global warming is real. Seattle wants to harness ocean power and provide electricity for 60,000 homes. Similar projects are planned from Alaska to New York. (49) Wind power has quadrupled since 2000 and, though wind is now only one percent of the U. S. power grid, it is poised for a quantum leap; offshore wind projects are in various stages of development in Maryland, Texas, Massachusetts, New York and elsewhere. Hydrogen- and electric-powered cars are also likely to come online more quickly than we imagined even five years ago. Nuclear has far too many problems, not the least of which is its waste, which will only become a bigger problem if its use proliferates. The waste stays radioactive for thousands of years and has to be buried underground. (50) Even if plans for doing that are ever realized, deadly waste will need to be transported across the country, through communities, subjecting people to unacceptable risks. Nuclear is also still a large accident risk. Industry proponents claim that nuclear is safer today than ever before, but even a small malfunction or leak could have devastating effects. And even if Chernobyl-style meltdowns are not likely, nuclear facilities still emit low-level radiation, a potentially serious public health concern.

问答题Directions: Write to the head of a train, and complain about its bad services. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name; use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Directions: You lost a book you borrowed from your friend William. Write him a letter to make an apology, and state your reason(s). You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly.2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题Directions: You made a travel with the help of a travel agency and you were disappointed with service. Write a letter to the related department to: 1) complain about bad service; 2) advance your suggestions. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Youdo not need to write the ad- dress.

问答题Signs of American culture, ranging from fast food to Hollywood movies, can be seen around the world. But now anthropologists have discovered a far more troubling cultural export from the United States—stigma against fat people. Negative perceptions about people who are overweight are becoming the cultural norm in many countries, according to a new report in the journal Current Anthropology . (47) Although some of the shift in thinking likely is explained by idealized slim body images promoted in American advertising and Hollywood movies, the emergence of fat stigma around the world may also result from public health efforts to promote obesity as a disease and a worrisome threat to a nation"s health. Researchers from Arizona State University Dr. Brewis and her colleagues recently completed a multicountry study intended to give a snapshot of the international zeitgeist about weight and body image. (48) The researchers elicited answers of true or false to statements with varying degrees of fat stigmatization. The fat stigma test included statements like, "People are overweight because they are lazy" and" Fat people are fated to be fat". Using mostly in person interviews, supplemented with questions posed over the Internet, they tested attitudes among 700 people in 10 countries, territories and cities. The findings were troubling. Dr. Brewis said she fully expected high levels of fat stigma to show up in the "Anglosphere" countries, including the United States, England and New Zealand, as well as in body conscious Argentina. (49) But what she did not expect was how strongly people in the rest of the testing sites that have historically held more positive views of larger bodies, including Puerto Rico and American Samoa expressed negative attitudes about weight. The results, Dr. Brewis said, suggest a surprisingly rapid "globalization of fat stigma. " To be sure , jokes and negative perceptions about weight have been around for ages. But what appears to have changed most is the level of criticism and blame leveled at people who are overweight. (50) One reason may be that public health campaigns branding obesity as a disease are sometimes perceived as being critical of individuals rather than the environmental and social factors that lead to weight gain. "Of all the things we could be exporting to help people around the world, really negative body image and low self-esteem are not what we hope is going out with public health messaging. "Dr. Brewis said. Dr. Brewis notes that far more study is needed to determine the extent of fat stigma and whether people were experiencing more social or workplace discrimination as a result of the growing fat stigma. "I think the next big question is whether it"s going to create a lot of new suffering where suffering didn"t exist before, " Dr. Brewis said. "I think it"s important that we think about designing health messages around obesity that don"t exacerbate the problem. "

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (46) {{U}}Surprisingly enough, modern historians have rarely interested themselves in the history of the American South in the period before the South began to become self-consciously and distinctively "Southern"—the decades after 1815.{{/U}} Consequently, the cultural history of Britain' s North American empire in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries has been written almost as if the Southern colonies had never existed. The American culture that emerged during the Colonial and Revolutionary eras has been depicted as having been simply an extension of New England Puritan culture. However, Professor Davis has recently argued that the South stood apart from the rest of American society during this early period, following its own unique pattern of cultural development. (47) {{U}}The case for Southern distinctiveness rests upon two related premises: first, that the cultural similarities among the five Southern colonies were far more impressive than the differences, and second, that what made those colonies alike also made them different from the other colonies.{{/U}} The first, for which Davis offers an enormous amount of evidence, can be accepted without major reservations; the second is far more problematic. What makes the second premise problematic is the use of the Puritan colonies as a basis for comparison. Quite properly, Davis decries the excessive influence ascribed by historians to the Puritans in the formation of American culture. Yet Davis inadvertently adds weight to such ascriptions by using the Puritans as the standard against which to assess the achievements and contributions of Southern colonials. (48) {{U}}Throughout, Davis focuses on the important, and undeniable, differences between the Southern and Northern colonies in motives for and patterns of early settlement, in attitudes toward nature and Native Americans, and in the degree of receptivity to metropolitan cultural influences.{{/U}} (49) {{U}}However, recent scholarship has strongly suggested that those aspects of early New England culture that seem to have been most distinctly Puritan, such as the strong religious orientation and the communal impulse, were not even typical of New England as a whole, but were largely confined to the two colonies of America.{{/U}} Thus, what in contrast to the Puritan (Northern) colonies appears to Davis to be peculiarly Southern—acquisitiveness, a strong interest in politics and the law, and a tendency to cultivate metropolitan cultural models—was not only more typically English than the cultural patterns exhibited by Puritan Massachusetts and Connecticut, but also almost certainly characteristic of most other early modern British colonies from Barbados north to Rhode Island and New Hampshire. (50) {{U}}Within the larger framework of American colonial life, then, not the Southern but the Northern colonies appear to have been distinctive, and even they seem to have been rapidly assimilating to the dominant cultural patterns by the last Colonial period.{{/U}}

问答题You ordered some ball pens yesterday. But they didn't meet your requirement. You are asked to write a letter of complaint about it, proposing your solution. Your letter should be no less than 100 words, write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Don' t sign your own name or address at the end of the letter, use "Li Ming" instead. ( 10 points)

问答题Directions: One of your close friends, Catherine, gave a piano solo at a concert last night and won the first prize. Now write her a letter of congratulation including the following details: 1) your heart-felt congratulations, 2) your strong impression, 3) and your encouragement. Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use "12 Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should 1) describe the drawing, 2) interpret its intended meaning, and 3) give your comment on it. You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.

问答题Piracy You are to write in three paragraphs: In the first paragraph, state clearly that we are facing the social problem of piracy. In the second paragraph, state the damages that piracy will cause to society. In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with your advice on counter - measures. You should write about 160 -200 words neatly on ANSWER.SHEET 2. (20 points)