填空题In making conversation, the general principle that all participants are expected to observe is called the______principle proposed by J. Grice.

填空题A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift is a sharp______against the social injustice in______.

填空题I think the essence of wisdom is______, as far as possible, from the tyranny of the here and the now.(emancipate)

填空题Translation from English to Chinese．(北京师范大学2008研，考试科目：英语语言文学)The establishment of communication between people belonging to different speech communities has long been an important form of linguistic performance. Under the influence of the Department of "Theoretical and Applied Linguistics" of Karl-Marx University of Leipzig, the word Translation recently made its way into the German language: this word is now often, though not generally used in the German speaking world as an umbrella term for translating and interpreting to denote interlingual communication. Little is known about the beginnings of Translation: it is known only that interpreting, i. e. the oral form of Translation, is older than its written counterpart: under what conditions the first interlingual language contacts took place, however, what factors played a role(commercial, military, political, cultural), and how individual speech communities developed such language contacts, are all questions whose answers are of a largely hypothetical nature and can thus easily get lost in the realm of mythological or theological speculation. This can easily lead to mistaking cause for effect, as for example in the biblical story of the building of the Tower of Babel:"...men were not scattered around because they could not understand one another"s speech. They could not understand one another because they were scattered: in the(Babel)story cause and effect have been turned around".(Wolfram Wilss: The Science of Translation)

填空题At the turn of the twentieth century, there arose a more deliberate kind of realism called 2 which aimed to provide a precise description of actual circumstances of human life in minute details.

填空题Y"s utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of______.X: Who was that you were with last night?Y: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?

填空题Author____Title____ The brightness of her cheek would shame those stars. As daylight doth a lamp; her eyes in heaven Would through the airy region stream so bright That birds would sing and think it were not night.

填空题______refers to the sense relation between a more general, more inclusive word and a more specific word.

填空题Please read the following passage and translate it into Chinese．(北京外国语大学2011研，考试科目：英语基础测试) Did these prejudices prevail only among the meanest and lowest of the people, perhaps they might be excused, as they have few, if any, opportunities of correcting them by reading, traveling, or conversing with foreigners: but the misfortune is, that they infect the minds, and influence the conduct even of our gentlemen: of those, I mean, who have every title to this appellation but an exemption from prejudice, which, however, in my opinion, ought to be regarded as the characteristic mark of a gentleman: for let a man"s birth be ever so high, his station ever so exalted, or his fortune ever so large, yet if he is not free from national and other prejudices, I should make bold to tell him, that he had a low and vulgar mind, and had no just claim to the character of a gentleman. And in fact, you will always find that those are most apt to boast of national merit, who have little or no merit of their own to depend on, than which, to be sure, nothing is more natural: the slender vine twists around the sturdy oak for no other reason in the world but because it has not strength sufficient to support itself.

填空题When Hymes" theory of______was introduced into the field as an antagonism to the traditional philosophy in language teaching, language teachers began to pay more attention to the question of how to train their students as active and successful language users in a real language context.

填空题Early in the 1920s, the most prominent of the new American playwrights, whose name is ______, established an international reputation.

填空题Chinese-English Translation． 东晋大诗人陶渊明的名篇《桃花源记》，描绘了一处世外桃源。这世外桃源究竟在何处?众说纷纭，但是大多数人，尤其是陶渊明故乡的人认为应该是江西星子县城西五里之遥的玉京山。玉京山坐落在秀丽的庐山和浩渺的鄱阳湖之间。登上玉京山，放眼四望，田畴上大小村庄星罗棋布，屋宇相连，阡陌纵横，稻浪起伏。这便是诗人咏赞的“平畴交远风，良苗亦怀新”的画面。远处碧波万顷，烟云飞出，有一峰兀立。再细看，山下人家，炊烟袅袅，谷场水巷之中，鸡鸭成群，顽童嬉戏，田野上人来人往，一派丰衣足食的景象，这不正是《桃花源记》中描写的景象吗?

填空题Translate the following paragraph into Chinese．(武汉大学2013研，考试科目：基础英语)Most investigation in the field of industrial psychology are concerned with the question of how the productivity of the individual worker can be increased, and how he can be made to work with less friction: psychology has lent its services to "human engineering, " an attempt to treat the worker and employer like a machine which runs better when it is well oiled. While Taylor was primarily concerned with a better organization of the technical use of the worker"s physical powers, most industrial psychologists are mainly concerned with the manipulation of the worker"s psyche. The underlying idea can be formulated like this: If he works better when he is happy, then let us make him happy, secure, satisfied, or anything else, provided it raises his out put and diminishes friction. In the name of " human relations, " the worker is treated with all devices which suit a completely alienated person: even happiness and human values are recommended in the interest of better relations with the public, thus, for instance, according to Time magazine, one of the best-know American psychiatrists said to a group of fifteen hundred Supermarket executives:" It"s going to be an increased satisfaction to our customers if we are happy...It is going to pay off in cold dollars and cents to management, if we could put some of these general principles of values, human relationships, really into practice. " One speaks of "human relations" and one means the most inhuman relations, those between alienated automatons:one speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which has driven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.

填空题Leonard Bloomfield is one of those inseminating scholars who can"t be relegated to any department.

填空题In William Shakespeare"s Sonnet 18, the speaker compares his beloved to the summer season, and in the last two lines(" So long as men can breathe or eyes can see/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee"), written in a rhymed______, he states that his beloved will live in eternity through "this" , which refers to______.

填空题Author____Title____ It goes a long way back, some twenty years. All my life I had been looking for something, and everywhere I turned someone tried to tell me what it was. I accepted their answers too, though they were often in contradiction and even self-contradictory. I was naive. I was looking for myself and asking everyone except myself questions which I, and only could answer.

填空题Just as the portrayal of the helpless Asian heathen serves to illustrate the beneficence and strength of the white missionary, the docile and seductive Asian woman is a foil for the virility and ______of the white male.(attract)

填空题Byron is chiefly known for his two long poems, one is Childe Harold"s Pilgrimage, the other is______.

填空题Translate the following sentences into English．Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET．(首都师范大学2011研，考试科目：英语综合水平)要和平不要战争，要发展不要贫穷，要合作不要对抗，已经成为世界各国人民的强烈呼声。

填空题benediction, beneficiary, benevolent, blessing A man is ____ if his fame does not outshine his truth.