填空题选择你熟悉的西方翻译理论一派，论述之。
填空题Words are divided into simple, compound and derived words on the______level.
填空题Translate the following passage into English．Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET．(中山大学2012研，考试科目：基础英语) 剪纸是中国民间一门有着近千年历史的独特艺术。它要求的材料很简单，只要有纸张和一把剪刀(或刻刀)就可以了。熟练的剪纸艺人剪纸的过程如同变魔术，他将一张红纸在手上左叠右叠，然后用剪刀轻轻地剪几下，摊开一看，就是一幅漂亮的图画。有的艺人根本不需要眼睛看，就能在袖子里剪出漂亮的图案来。剪纸是一种即兴的艺术，剪纸人无需画稿，就靠手中的一把剪刀，刀起图出，每一次剪出的都有所不同，所以它的表现力很强。 旧时人们的窗户多是纸糊的，白白的纸，显得过于单调，也不吉利。于是心灵手巧的女子就剪出红色的四喜娃娃，或者剪一只美丽的蝴蝶，贴在窗上，于是平凡的窗子便有了灵气。
填空题Keep a civil tongue in one"s head.
填空题If such figures are sustained in more detailed polling, Mr. Bush will have______in reversing sliding domestic support for war with Iraq.(success)
填空题C-E Translation．(上海交通大学2007研，考试科目：英语水平考试) 我们已经习惯了这样认识母亲：她是为我们而存在的，是属于我们的，属于父亲，婆婆，哥哥，我，以及我们的下一代。小的时候，我们习惯了母亲在灯下捏着针线，为我们缝补衣服，下班回来给我们带好吃的，去学校为我们开家长会，柔声细语地抚慰我们，擦去我们的泪水。“文革”中父亲的突然死亡，使我们看见了一个孤单无助的母亲，那是因为她把头埋在了自己的臂弯里，浑身颤抖，从那下面传出陌生的无力的抽泣声。那一刻她没有理睬我们惊恐的呼唤。那一刻，她是暂离我们而远去了，去到她一个人的世界。可不久她又回来了。为我们去单位蹲牛棚，扫厕所。真的，的确是为了我们，我当时是这样对她说的——妈妈，为了我们，你要活下去，我以为这句话能够让她不死。当时才十几岁的我，已模糊地认定母亲是不会舍下我们的，我们，就是她活在世上的全部理由。母亲果然没有随父亲而去。天长日久，我们习惯了她的憔悴、操劳，她对脾气乖戾的祖母(她的婆婆)的全力侍奉和忍让，对小孩们慈爱温和的笑。在我们心目中，这就是母亲的形象：一个终身的孝媳，贤妻，良母。 现在，我们身边和心里有了巨大的阙失。母亲把自己整个儿带走了，而我们仍在。母亲自身即是一个整体。这是我们从前很少想到的。
填空题fudge and mudge
填空题The success of the feminist movement ______ more women to pursue career paths and to postpone having children.(able)
填空题Translation from Chinese to English．(河海大学2006研，考试科目：基础英语) 鼓楼 位于南京市中心的鼓楼，建于明洪武十五年，那时担当为全城百姓昼夜报时的重任，有时也用作迎王、接诏书等大庆。到了清代，鼓楼只遗留下城阙，康熙皇帝南巡时，在此登临四望，地方官才在鼓楼基座上树碑建楼，并更名为“碑楼”。鼓楼分上下两层，下层高达9米，红墙巍峙，飞檐迎风。上层建筑，分为中殿和东西殿，滴水直落台座之外。如今的鼓楼是人们登高远眺，领古城风貌的胜地。
填空题A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale.
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America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.
It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness.
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By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea"s LG Electronics in July.) Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. America"s machine tool industry was on the ropes.
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All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well.
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Their sometimes-sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas.
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In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. "American industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quick-witted," according to Richard Cavanagh, executive dean of Harvard"s Kennedy School of Government."It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our businesses are improving their productivity," says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a think-tank in Washington, DC. And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believes that people will look back on this period as "a golden age of business management in the United States."
A. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invested and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.
B. Its scientists were the world"s best, its workers the most skilled.
C. How things have changed!
D. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of America"s industrial decline.
E. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition.
F. Some of the nation"s largest businesses shrink in size when they appear on the government"s database of federal contractors.
填空题Translate the following passage into Chinese．(广东外语外贸大学2009研，考试科目：英语写作与翻译)Modernization and economic development neither require nor produce cultural westernization. To the contrary, they promote resurgence of, and renewed commitment to, indigenous cultures. At the individual level, the movement of people into unfamiliar cities, social settings, and occupations breaks their traditional bonds, generates feelings of alienation, and creates crises of identity to which religion frequently provides an answer. At the societal level, modernization enhances the economic wealth and military power of the country as a whole and encourages people to have confidence in their heritage and to become culturally assertive.As a result, many non-Western societies have seen a return to indigenous cultures. It often takes a religious form, and the global revival of religion is a direct consequence of modernization. In non-Western societies this revival almost necessarily assumes an anti-Western cast, in some cases rejecting Western culture because it is Christian and subversive, in others because it is secular and degenerate. The return to the indigenous is most marked in Muslim and Asian societies.
填空题For better or______, religion is the only human endeavor that successfully provides us with an all-encompassing model of the pattern which connects our individual lives to the complex regularities of this world, and by extension of the cosmos.(bad)
填空题In traditional grammar, ______is the only word class which can function as a substitute for another item. (中山大学2006研)
填空题Translate the following into English. 在大学，你要追随自己的激情和兴趣，选择自己感兴趣的课程，不要在乎别人怎么说或怎么想。SteveJobs说过，在大学里，你的热情会创造出很多点，在今后，你会将这些点串联起来。在一次毕业典礼上，Jobs来了一个献身说法：自己在大学期间修了看似毫无用处的书法，而10年后，这成了苹果Macintosh里漂亮字库的基础，而正因为Macintosh有了这么好的字库，后来才有了桌面出版和今天的办公软件(例如微软Office)。Jobs对书法的探索就是一个点，而苹果Macintosh把多个点联结成了一条线。所以，不要太担心你将来会从事什么样的工作，也不要太急功近利。尽兴地选择你的点吧，要有信念，当机缘来临之时，你会找到自己人生的使命并画出一条美丽的曲线。
填空题Translation from Chinese to English．(河海大学2008研，考试科目：基础英语) “天助自助者”，一条老生常谈的座右铭，体现了浩瀚人生经验的一孔之见。个人得以真正发展的全部真谛均植根于自助精神；这种精神在人世百态中展现，构成民族生机与力量的真正源泉。外来的帮助时常事倍功半，而内在的帮助却总给人以活力。无论帮助人民或社会阶层做了什么，在某种程度上都减弱了他们凡事需自立的动力与必要性。如对一方人民引导太多，管辖过头，必然的趋势是置他们于一个相对而言不可救药的境地。
填空题严复先生基于《易经》和孔子的言论于1898年提出了“——”的翻译思想。
填空题There is an immense and justified pride in what our colleges have done. At the same time there is a growing uneasiness about their product. The young men and women who carry away our degrees are a very attractive lot—in looks, in bodily fitness, in kindliness, energy, courage, and buoyancy.
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That too is in some ways admirable; for in spite of President Lowell"s remark that the university should be a repository of great learning, since the freshmen always bring a stock with them and the seniors take little away, the fact is that our graduates have every chance to be well informed, and usually are so.
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When it becomes articulate, it takes the form of wishes that these attractive young products of ours had more intellectual depth and force, more freedom from trouble and worry in dealing with the different ideas, more of the firm, clear, quiet thoughtfulness that is a very potent and needed guard against fraudulence and deception which exist around them and keep harassing them constantly.
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Firstly, granting that our graduates know a good deal, their knowledge lies about in fragments and never gets welded together into the stuff of a tempered and mobile mind. Secondly, our university graduates have been so busy boring holes for themselves, acquiring special knowledge and skills, that in later life they have astonishingly little in common in the way of ideas, standards, or principles. Thirdly, it is alleged that the past two decades have revealed a singular want of clarity about the great ends of living, attachment to which gives significance and direction to a life.
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My argument will be simple, perhaps too simple. What I shall contend is that there is a great deal of truth in each of them, and that the remedy for each is the same.
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A. Yet the uneasiness persists.
B. It is larger infusion of the philosophic habit of mind.
C. But what of their intellectual equipment?
D. Our colleges have failed.
E. Here are three grave charges against American education, and I want to discuss them briefly.
F. The complaint commonly breaks itself up into a list of three particulars.
填空题Translate the underlined part into Chinese．(四川外国浯大学2011研，考试科目：英语翻译与写作)
All day it streamed rain: the island ran like a sop, there was no dry spot to be found: and when I lay down that night, between two boulders that made a kind of roof, my feet were in a bog.
The second day I crossed the island to all sides. There was no one part of it better than another: it was all desolate and rocky: nothing living on it but game birds which I lacked the means to kill, and the gulls which haunted the outlying rocks in a prodigious number. But the creek, or strait, that cut off the isle from the main-land of the Ross, opened out on the north into a bay, and the bay again opened into the Sound of Iona: and it was the neighborhood of this place that I chose to be my home: though if I had thought upon the very name of home in such a spot, I must have burst out weeping.
I had good reasons for my choice. There was in this part of the isle a little hut of a house like a pig"s hut, where fishers used to sleep when they came there upon their business: but the turf roof of it had fallen entirely in: so that the hut was of no use to me, and gave me less shelter than my rocks. What was more important, the shell-fish on which I lived grew there in great plenty: when the tide was out I could gather a peck at a time: and this was doubtless a convenience. But the other reason went deeper. I had become in no way used to the horrid solitude of the isle, but still looked round me on all sides(like a man that was hunted), between fear and hope that I might see some human creature coming. Now, from a little up the hillside over the bay, I could catch a sight of the great, ancient church and the roofs of the people"s houses in Iona. And on the other hand, over the low country of the Ross, I saw smoke go up, morning and evening, as if from a homestead in a hollow of the land.
I used to watch this smoke, when I was wet and cold, and had my head half turned with loneliness: and think of the fireside and the company, till my heart burned. It was the same with the roofs of Iona. Altogether, this sight I had of men"s homes and comfortable lives, although it put a point on my own sufferings, yet it kept hope alive, and helped me to eat my raw shell-fish(which had soon grown to be a disgust), and saved me from the sense of horror I had whenever I was quite alone with dead rocks, and fowls, and the rain, and the cold sea.
I say it kept hope alive: and indeed it seemed impossible that I should be left to die on the shores of my own country, and within view of a church-tower and the smoke of men"s houses. But the second day passed: and though as long as the light lasted I kept a bright look-out for boats on the Sound or men passing on the Ross, no help came near me. It still rained, and I turned in to sleep, as wet as ever, and with a cruel sore throat, but a little comforted, perhaps, by having said good-night to my nest neighbours, the people of lona.
填空题Author____Title____ The city of Wintoncester—the fine old city, aforetime capital of Wessex—lay amidst its convex and concave down lands in all the brightness and warmth of a July morning. The gabled brick, tile, and freestone houses had almost dried off for the season their integument of lichen, the streams in the meadows were low, and in the sloping Highstreet, from the West Gateway to the mediaeval cross, and from the mediaeval cross to the bridge, that leisurely dusting and sweeping was in progress which usually ushers in an old-fashioned market-day.
填空题The sound /k/ can be described with "voiceless, ______ , stop". (北二外2003研)