阅读理解Julie Parks_____

阅读理解Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?

阅读理解The most suitable title for this text would be_____.

阅读理解Seven Days

阅读理解This text mainly discusses how to

阅读理解A suitable title for this text could be______.

阅读理解Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should _____.

阅读理解The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_____.

阅读理解The word"moola"(line 4，Para 4)most probably means___________

阅读理解The author believes that after 2015,the government may______.

阅读理解Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel ______.

阅读理解The most appropriate title for this text would be ______.

单选题Minorities often get separate and unequal mental health care: They"re less likely than whites to receive needed treatment, and the care they do get is of lower quality, says a Surgeon General"s report out Sunday. Among the key causes of the "striking disparities" in care for U.S. whites and minorities are financial barriers, racism, mistrust of doctors and language problems. "Our failure to address these disparities is playing out in homeless shelters, in foster care in prisons and jails," says Surgeon General David Satcher. Poverty greatly raises the risk of serious mental disorders, so some minority groups are especially vulnerable. Blacks and Hispanics have about triple the poverty rate of whites. And 37% of Hispanics have no health insurance, more than double the rate for whites. Lack of private insurance throws mentally ill people at the mercy of a thinning "safety net" of public treatment centers. In many cities, such as Detroit, the net is so thin, "it"s barely there," says psychologist James Jackson of the Institute for Social Research at University of Michigan-Ann Arbor. Minority kids pose special concerns. Hispanic youth have significantly poorer mental health than whites, Satcher says. Some 45% of children in foster care are black, as are more than half awaiting adoption. Many have serious mental disorders, research suggests. Even when they can afford care, feelings of stigma may get in the way. "Within many Asian cultures, mental illness is heavily stigmatized. I know, because there"s mental illness in my family," says Richard Nakamura, deputy director at the National Institute of Mental Health. Mistrust of therapists isn"t totally off the mark. There"s evidence of racial and ethnic bias by counselors, the report says. Minorities are more likely than whites to rely on their primary care doctors for detecting emotional disorders. But "it"s an uphill battle to get treatment for mental problems under managed care," says Ronald Kessler, a health policy expert at Harvard Medical School in Boston. "You have to be very sophisticated. Doctors are not likely to diagnose a mental disorder in the eight minutes they"re allowed with the patient," Kessler Says. The report recommends integrating mental health and medical services. Research on the mental health of minorities is sparse, because until the past few years, studies didn"t indicate a subject"s race or included mostly whites. In 1994, the National Institutes of Health started to require that its funded studies include minorities. Satcher remains hopeful, partly because federal grants will soon be funding programs to target the disparities. "I"m very optimistic, but I don"t believe it"s going to be easy," he says.

单选题Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary, the function of {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}is partly to {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}things or processes with no names in ordinary English, and partly to secure greater exactness in terminology. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}, they save time, for it is much more {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}to name a process than describe it. Thousands of these technical terms are very {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}included in every large dictionary, yet, as a whole, they are rather {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}the outskirts of the English language than actually within its borders. Different occupations, however, differ {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}in their special vocabularies. It {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}themselves into the very fibre of our language. {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}, though highly technical in many details, these vocabularies are more familiar in sound, and more generally {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}than most other technical terms. {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}, every vocation still possesses a large {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}of technical terms that remain essentially foreign, even {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}educated people. And the proportion has been much {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}in the last fifty years. Most of the newly {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}terms are {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}to special discussions, and seldom get into general literature or conversation. Yet no profession is nowadays, as all professions once {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}a close federation. What is called "popular science" makes everybody {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}with modern views and recent discoveries. Any important experiment, {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}made in a remote or provincial laboratory, is at once reported in the newspapers, and everybody is soon talking about it. Thus, our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace.

单选题 Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes: emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. "The burnt child fears the fire" is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both these examples also point up the fact that attitudes come from experience. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were influenced largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read. The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose words are highly regarded by them. Another reason it is true is that pupils often devote their time to a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher's method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans. The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom...these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions. However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by {{U}}cajoling{{/U}} or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain experiences. To illustrate, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips. Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be negative if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.

单选题We live in a world that"s more connected than ever before, one where humans—and the viruses hitchhiking inside us—can circle the planet in a day. As a result, we"re at greater risk from new infectious diseases than ever before. But there"s an upside to our interconnectedness as well. Thanks to the Internet and cell phones, we can know what"s happening in nearly every corner of the globe almost instantaneously—and that"s a boon for epidemiology. In the arms race between us and the viruses, communication is our advantage. By analyzing the Internet"s everyday wealth of data, we can catch new diseases before they"ve emerged—and stop them before they become a deadly threat. That"s what John Brownstein, a digital epidemiologist at Children"s Hospital Boston, is working to do with his HealthMap project. HealthMap automatically search for news sites, eyewitness reports, government data, even wildlife-disease cases to identify new patterns in outbreaks, presenting the results on a clickable map. Want to know about an ongoing polio outbreak in Angola? HealthMap will show you where it"s occurring and who"s dying. HealthMap first launched about five years ago, but it has just relaunched with a new focus toward what Brownstein calls "participatory epidemiology." HealthMap will tap the wealth of potential information on social media—think tweets about flu outbreaks and Facebook postings about contaminated food. The result is more finely tuned intelligence about emerging outbreaks, presented in a personalized format. HealthMap already has a related mobile app called Outbreaks Near Me, which gives users news about public health around their location—and allows them to report information as well. "It"s really taking the local-weather-forecast idea and making it applicable to disease," says Brownstein. "We"re trying to make these ideas that much more relevant to the general population." The challenge with HealthMap and other digital epidemiology projects is the same one that all intelligence experts face. separating the signal from the noise. Brownstein points out that HealthMap could show unusual cases of respiratory illness in Mexico in the early spring of 2009, before what would become the H1N1 flu burst onto the global stage, but it"s still difficult to separate truly dangerous events from run-of-the-mill outbreaks. The hope is that sharper data collection will allow future digital epidemiologists to identify the patterns that indicate a potentially deadly new disease in time to actually do something to stop it. One way to do that might be to get more people participating in participatory epidemiology. "We want to get people talking about this threat, so they can take it seriously without being scared," says Brownstein. Fighting new infectious diseases is no different than any other war—the first step is good intelligence.

单选题Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. For most of the past 25 years, no single person or company has been powerful enough to control how the American Internet works. One {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}for that was the diffuse and chaotic nature of its online economy—a kind of {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}Wild West where thousands of producers {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}the attention of the masses. In this environment, no single company, not {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}giants like Google {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}Facebook, {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}enough traffic to bend the network's free-market checks and balances. The infrastructure of the Internet helped {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}everyone on a level playing field as well. All players, from individuals to {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}companies, had to pay an Internet service provider (ISP) a flat {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}, based on the speed or volume of the service, for online {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}for those fees, the ISPs would expand and maintain their pipes and pass their customer's traffic to and from another set of companies that owned the larger, global transit ways for online {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}. It was, for a time, a marvelous architecture, fundamentally unlike any of the other networks in American lives. There was no government ownership {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}with the interstate highway system, no {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}long-distance plans as with phone networks and no individual postage required to send content as with the U.S. Postal Service. But in recent years, that unique {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}has started to crack, and the reason is the size of the biggest players. A decade ago, thousands of companies {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}in the daily buzz of Internet traffic, said Craig Labovitz, the CEO of DeepField, a network-research firm. By 2009, 150 companies {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}half of all that traffic, and by early this year, just 30 companies {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}the {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}of the daily give-and-take. As of March, just two companies in particular—Netflix and Google, which owns YouTube—accounted for 47% of all Internet traffic during prime-time hours at night, {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}Sandvine, a network-equipment company.

单选题The idea that meditation is good for you is certainly not new, but scientists are still trying to figure out exactly why meditating so reliably improves mental and physical health. One old theory is that meditation is just like exercise, it trains the brain as if gray matter were a bundle of muscles. You work those muscles and they get stronger. A recent paper in the journal Psychological Science tries to identify brain functions that are actually enhanced by meditating. The study shows that intensive meditation can help people focus their attention and sustain it—even during the most boring of tasks. But while participants who meditated were able to pick up visual cues better than a control group, it was not clear whether meditating helped them process the new information in a meaningful way. The study, which was authored by 13 researchers and led by Katherine MacLean of the University of California, Davis, begins by noting that everyone gets tired after concentrating. It also notes that research going back to the 1970s has established that Buddhist monks who have regularly meditated for years perform better than most of us on concentration tests. In the past five years, other studies have shown that meditation also yields substantial gains in concentration for laypeople who take up the practice. In the new study, 60 enthusiasts who signed up to attend a three-month meditation retreat were randomized into two groups. That"s an extraordinary commitment to meditation that most of us can"t relate to. (The attendees even paid $5,300 for the privilege of attending the retreats.) But while all the participants were highly willing, the strength of this new study lies in comparing their mental performance before, during and after they began meditative practice. And the results are clear: it"s not wanting to meditate but actually meditating that improves your brain"s performance. The participants were all asked to watch a series of lines flash on a computer screen and click a mouse when they saw a line that was shorter than the others. It was a boring test, and that was the point: in order to concentrate on those little line changes, they had to focus intently. Those who were meditating at the retreat were significantly more likely than those in the wait-list group to see increasingly small differences in the lines. Their abilities improved as meditative training continued. As the paper puts it, their powers of "visual discrimination" had significantly increased. This suggests that meditation can help you concentrate. But the study found that while meditators were more accurate, they were not faster, those who had meditated saw differences in the lines more often than those who hadn"t, but they didn"t react any faster than the control group when both saw the same line discrepancies on the screen. That"s important because it suggests that meditation helps your brain do something automatic— process visual stimuli—but not something more complicated, react when it happens.

单选题As a wise man once said, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age. This isn"t the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplations, hut a fact of Europe"s new economic landscape, embraced by sociologists, real-estate developers and ad executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the" irresistible momentum of individualism" over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have greatly wreaked havoc on European" private lives. Europe"s new economic climate has largely fostered the trend toward independence. The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europe"s shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American-style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, today"s tech-savvy workers have embraced a free market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so. Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage—twenty something professionals or widowed senior citizens. While pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. Living alone was conceived to be negative—dark and cold, while being together suggested warmth and light. But then came along the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, strong! Now, young people want to live alone. The booming economy means people are working harder than ever. And that doesn"t leave much room for relationships. Pimpi Arroyo, a 35-year-old composer who lives alone in a house in Paris, says he hasn"t got time to get lonely because he has too much work. "I have deadlines which would make life with someone else fairly difficult." Only an Ideal Woman would make him change his lifestyle, he says. Kaufmann, author of a recent book called "The Single Woman and Prince Charming", thinks this fierce new individualism means that people expect more and more of mates, so relationships don"t last long—if they start at all. Eppendorf, a blond Berliner with a deep tan, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbathes or sleeps, resting up for going dancing. Just shy of 50, she says she"d never have wanted to do what her mother did—give up a career to raise a family. Instead, "I"ve always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life."

单选题A is for always getting to work on time. B is for being extremely busy. C is for the conscientious way you do your job. You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics. Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn"t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics—a better job, a raise, praise—many people are still unable—or unwilling—to "play the game." "People assume that office politics involves some manipulative behavior," says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. "But politics derives from the word "polite". It can mean lobbying and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return. In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one"s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well. "The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis," says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. "But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It"s simple human nature." Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery, fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors. Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.