填空题Few numbers tell a happier story than those that measure life expectancy. An American born in 1900 could expect to live 47 years. Thanks to colossal improvements in sanitation and medicine, that figure is now 75 for men and 80 for women. 1 So it is both alarming and surprising when life expectancy falls, even for a small part of the population. Yet that is what some researchers at Harvard have found. They looked at death rates by county, having corrected for migration and merged sparsely populated ones so that America"s 3,141 counties became 2,068 "county units". 2 But between 1983 and 1999, it fell significantly (by about a year) for women in 180 county units, and stagnated in another 783. Men fared less poorly, their life expectancy fell significantly in only 11 county units, and stagnated in another 48. Put differently, life expectancy appears to have either stagnated or fallen slightly for some 4% of American men and 19% of women. The main culprits are diseases linked to smoking or obesity, such as lung cancer and diabetes. 3 Majid Ezzati, one of the study"s authors, says it is too soon to say. An optimist would point out that women took up smoking later than men. It was not until after the Second World War that they started puffing at anything like the male rate. The increase of poor women now dying of lung cancer may be a hangover from the end of the taboo on female smoking. 4 A pessimist would reply that the other big killer, obesity, keeps spreading, especially among the poor. "We"ve been saying for ages that it must have peaked, but it keeps going up," says Dr. Ezzati. Two decades ago, no state had an obesity rate above 15%. Now, 22 have passed the 25% mark. 5 Neither are getting any smaller. A. For most Americans, life expectancy continues merrily to rise. B. And the poorest Americans have gained the most: blacks, for example, live more than twice as long now as they did a century ago. C. Even though smoking takes an average of 14. 5 years off women"s lives, almost one in five American women age 18 and older smokes. D. The counties where life expectancy has fallen are nearly all in the South or Appalachia, where huge deep-fried portions are the norm and waistlines are among America"s widest. E. But both sexes have quit in droves since the 1970s, so the death toll may fall in the future. F. The crucial question is whether this represents a blip or the start of a trend.

填空题Briefly answer the following questions.(北京航空航天大学2009研，考试科目：综合英语)What are the aims of Translation Studies? Please explain from at least three points.

填空题Author______Title______ Sophocles long ago Heard it on the Aegean, and it brought Into his mind the turbid ebb and flow Of human misery; we Find also in the sound a thought, Hearing it by this distant northern sea.

填空题Although Professor Green's lectures usually ran {{U}}over{{/U}} the {{U}}fifty-minute{{/U}} period, {{U}}but none{{/U}} of his students {{U}}ever{{/U}} objected as they found his lectures both informative and interesting. A. over B. fifty- minute C. but none D. ever

填空题Linguistics is usually defined as the______study of language.(北二外2003研)

填空题(2) is generally considered to be Chaucer"s masterpiece.

填空题Translate the following into Chinese．(北京第二外国语学院2013研，考试科目：综合考试)In the event the Buyer does not furnish the seller with shipping instructions on or before August 17, 2007, the Seller may at his option cancel this contract and demand the Buyer to pay any damages he has sustained on account of such failure of the Buyer to give such instruction.

填空题According to G Leech, ______meaning is the communicative value an expression has by virtue of what it refers to, over and above its purely conceptual content. (北二外2006研)

填空题As Wall Street's giants take massive write-downs, fears are growing about the impact on technology budgets. The troubles in the finance sector going to hit tech? Since technology companies rely heavily on Wall Street, it's been a growing question as financial giants have taken one massive hit after another. 【K1】______On Nov. 7, Cisco reported fiscal first-quarter earnings and CEO John Chambers disappointed investors with a softer-than-expected outlook for the rest of the year, in large part because of the financial sector. " In the U.S. and the enterprise[markets], we did see some softness, " Chambers said. "The finance vertical was the one hardest hit. If the trouble on Wall Street continues or worsens, the consequences for tech could be severe because financial services companies are far and away the most ravenous consumers of tech in the U. S. 【K2】______"We think that information-technology spending could slow down quite a bit in the next 12 months, based on what's happened in the last month, " says Stephen Minton, vice-president for worldwide IT markets research at tech researcher IDC. The reason? The sheer size of Wall Street's tech budgets. 【K3】______Over the years, banks and investment firms have come to represent an ever-increasing proportion of total tech demand, as they developed ever-more-complicated financial products and trading strategies that required faster computers, more number-crunching software, and more efficient networks. 【K4】______Chambers is still predicting Cisco will boost sales 16% in the second fiscal quarter and long-term revenue growth will be between 12% and 17%. For the overall tech industry, IDC's Minton estimates that if financial companies do cut back their tech budgets, total IT spending would grow 3% or 4% , rather than the expected 5% to 6%. Not all segments of tech would be affected equally. Hardware companies, such as PC makers, storage manufacturers, and mainframe sellers, including IBM, Dell, and Sun Microsystems, would feel the biggest impact. Software companies that make business-intelligence and collaboration software, such as Oracle and SAP, would also be hit. 【K5】______ The situation would be much worse if mortgage woes spread further, causing a significant drop in consumer spending and hurting the retailing, telecom, media, and manufacturing sectors. At that point, IT growth in the U. S. would slow to 1% to 2% , Minton estimates. Choose the following sentences marked A to E to complete the above article. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet. A. Tech services, such as Accenture, Cognizant Technology Solutions, and Electronic Data Systems, would probably see the least impact, since they usually help companies cut costs and work on five-year contracts. B. As financial services continues to struggle in the wake of the subprime mortgage shock, raising more questions about future earnings and layoffs, the specter of an overall tech-spending crunch is beginning to loom C. Not that it's a crisis for tech, at least not yet. D. The write-offs are expected to continue. E. The financial-services industry accounts for 23% of all business spending on hardware, software, and tech services, or 18% or the $432 billion U. S. total once consumer buying is included.

填空题Author______ Title______What thoughts I have of you tonight, Walt Whitman, for I walked down the sidestreets under the trees with a headache self-conscious looking at the full moon.

填空题Saussure"s ideas were developed along three lines; linguistics,______ and psychology.

填空题Interior Ministry

填空题In phonological analysis the words fail - veil are distinguishable simply because of the two phonemes/f/ - /v/. This is an example for illustrating______.

填空题The concept of "double consciousness" which has beeh widely employed in the literary criticism of ethnic American literatures originated from the enduring classic The Souls of Black Folk(1903) by______.

填空题朔方的雪花在纷飞之后，却永远如粉，如沙，它们决不粘连，撒在屋上，地上，枯草上，就是这样。屋上的雪是早已有消化了的，因为屋里居人的火的温热。别的，在晴天之下，旋风忽来，便蓬勃地奋飞，在日光中灿灿地生光，如包藏火焰的大雾，旋转而且升腾，弥漫太空，使太空旋转而且升腾地闪烁。

填空题"The world is like a stage" is an example of______, and "All the world is a stage" is an example of______. They are often used in analyzing features of literary language. (人大2006研)

填空题The integration of independent states {{U}}could best be{{/U}} brought about by {{U}}first{{/U}} creating a central organization {{U}}with authorities{{/U}} over {{U}}technical{{/U}} economic tasks. A. could best be B. first C. with authorities D. technical

填空题Briefly answer the following questions.(北京航空航天大学2010研，考试科目：综合英语)How do you understand the term "textual equivalence"? Explain the term with examples.

填空题Flattery is his stock in trade .

填空题Translate the following into English． 从古到今多少诗人赞美过窗子，多少歌手歌唱过窗子，多少情人的眼睛凝望过窗子…… 窗子的变化，是值得人们考察一番的。小小的窗子，几乎可以说是文明的眼睛。在今后的日子里，窗子的变化会更加多种多样了。 窗子的玻璃会随着时钟，自动调和射进室内的光线，窗子会随着明暗变换颜色，窗框上装有循环水，它可以为居室的主人带走很多他发觉不到的天敌，又可以送进来他需要而又不易得到的芳香和养分…… 有的窗子不需开合，便能做到通风透光，它还可以把你不愿听到的声音关到外边，但是悦耳的琴声，它是不会阻拦的…… 打开窗子吧!现在开窗子就不光是为了迎进阳光、空气，或者远眺青山的青、新柳的绿、燕子飞来的掠影……而是迎接一个新的世纪!