填空题Systemic-Functional Grammar takes the actual uses of language as the object of study, while Chomsky's TG Grammar takes the ideal speaker's linguistic______ as the object of study.

填空题"Linguistic relativity" was proposed by______and______.（清华2001研)

填空题His enormously successful broadcast on December 23, 1954, entitled "Man's Peril", paved the way for a ______ with noted physicist Albert Einstein on the famous Einstein-Russell Declaration.(collaborate)

填空题The universe works in a way so far {{U}}remove{{/U}} from what common sense {{U}}would{{/U}} allow {{U}}that{{/U}} words of any kind must necessarily be inadequate to explain {{U}}it{{/U}}. A. remove B. would C. that D. it

填空题Author______Tide______ A succession of loud and shrill screams, bursting suddenly from the throat the chained form, seemed to thrust me violently back. For a brief moment I hesitated, I trembled.

填空题When constituent items are subordinate to the Head, they form e______ constructions.

填空题D______ is a design feature of human language that enables speakers to talk about a wide range of things, free from barriers caused by separation in time and space.

填空题The grandfather who immigrates to Hawaii to work in the sugar cane fields carries with him the indomitable spirit and______of the Cantonese.(express)

填空题Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly weary and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the profoun-dest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decide on, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover, the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome. Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from toil. At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but the number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past. Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of whose earth-shaking importance they are firmly persuaded.Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days. With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it makes holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition. In most work success is measured by income, and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire that men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a high income can acquire. However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in one"s own circle.

填空题Emma was written by______.

填空题Translate the following into Chinese．I have never had much patience with the writers who claim from the reader an effect to understand their meaning. You have only to go to the great philosophers to see that it is possible to express with lucidity the most subtle reflections. You may find it difficult to understand the thought of Hume, and if you have no philosophical training its implications will doubtless escape you: but no one with any education at all can fail to understand exactly what the meaning of each sentence is. Few people have written English with more grace than Berkeley. There are two sorts of obscurity that you find in writers. One is due to negligence and the other to willfulness. People often write obscurely because they have never taken the trouble to learn to write clearly. This sort of obscurity you find too often in modern philosophers, in men of science, and even in literary critics. Here it is indeed strange. You would have thought that men who passed their lives in the study of the great masters of literature would be sufficiently sensitive to the beauty of language to write if not beautifully at least with perspicuity. Yet you will find in their works sentence after sentence that you must read twice to discover the sense. Often you can only guess at it, for the writers have evidently not said what they intended.

填空题I thought the technician was {{U}}to blame{{/U}} for the {{U}}blowing{{/U}} of the fuse, but I see now {{U}}how{{/U}} I {{U}}was{{/U}} mistaken. A. to blame B. blowing C. how D. was

填空题Fillinthenumberedblankswithproperwords.Amongthe20expressionsgiven,only15shouldbeused.Makesurethewordscomeincorrectformsintermsofbothgrammarandmeaning.Aneweraisuponus.________itwhatyouwill:theserviceeconomy,theinformationage,theknowledgesociety.Italltranslatestoafundamentalchangeinthewaywework.Thepercentageofpeoplewhoearntheirlivingbymakingthings________dramaticallyintheWesternWorld.TodaythemajorityofjobsinAmerica,EuropeandJapanareintheserviceindustry,andthenumberisonthe________.MoreWomenareintheworkforcethaneverbefore.Therearemorepart-timejobs.Morepeopleareself-employed.Butthebreadthoftheeconomictransformationcan"t________bynumbersalone.Long-heldnotionsaboutjobsandcareers,theskills________tosucceed,eventherelationbetweenindividualsandemployers—allthesearebeingchallenged.Wehave________tolookbehindustogetsomesenseofwhatmaylie________.Noonecould________foreseethewaysinwhichasingleinvention,thechip,wouldtransformourworld________twentyyearsthankstoitsapplicationsinpersonalcomputers,digitalcommunicationsandfactoryrobots.Tomorrow"sachievementsinbiotechnology,artificialintelligenceorevensomestill________technologycouldproduceasimilarwaveofdramaticchanges.Butonethingiscertain:informationandknowledgewillbecomeevenmorevital,andthepeoplewhopossessit,whethertheyworkinmanufacturingorservices,willhavetheadvantageand________thewealth.Computerknowledgewillbecomeasbasica________astheabilitytoreadandwrite.Theabilitytosolveproblemsbyapplyinginformation________performingroutinetaskswill________abovealleles.Ifyou________yourmindahead10years,informationserviceswillbepredominant.

填空题Translate the following into Chinese．Why do smart, articulate, and self-confident people often become terrified in front of a group? How could death rank just seventh in a national survey of the top ten experiences Americans dread most, and public speaking first? Think about it:we"d rather kick the bucket than address an audience!It starts in elementary school when a teacher singles us out to "speak up" . Remember the panic of producing the wrong answer? Our palms sweated, we might have been short of breath, and wrecked with shaky knees, nausea, a stomachache, and a rapid heartbeat. We felt awkward and dumb.As adults, we"re still afraid we"ll make fools of ourselves. We worry that listeners will think we are lightweights, bubblers, or bores. And we should worry.Public speaking isn"t just a sweet skill to have. Being a first-rate orator can lead to job promotions and personal advancement, while being a lousy one is a liability.

填空题Euphemism, which serves as a polite substitute for______, is a mild, indirect or less offensive word or expression substituted when the speaker or writer fears that more direct, wording might be harsh or offensive.

填空题As a compromise between the "purely form-focused approaches" and the "purely meaning-focused" approaches, a recent movement called ______ seems to take a more balanced view on the role of grammar in language learning.

填空题Author____Title____ Next day was cloudless, and they decided to finish the work in the basement. They felt excluded, shut in the grey cement basement fitting pipes, from the holiday atmosphere of London in a heat wave. At lunchtime they came up for some air, but while the married couples, and the men in shirt—sleeves or vests, were thee, she was not there, either on her usual patch of roof or where she had been yesterday.

填空题Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day. Nothing remains the same. We have only one choice keep moving on in life and be hopeful.

填空题In the field of language use, Zipf recognized two competing forces: the force of______, or speaker"s economy, and the force of diversification, or hearer"s economy.

填空题She was determined to stare down any disaster in her efforts.