Studythefollowingphotocarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould1)describethephotobriefly,2)interpretthesocialmeaningreflectedbyit,and3)offeryourpointofview.Youshouldwrite160-200words.刘翔：我是No.1.

A.Studythefollowingpicturecarefullyandwriteanessayofabout160—200words.B.Youressaymustbewrittenclearly.C.Youressayshouldmeettherequirementsbelow:1)Describethepicture,2)deducethepurposeofthepainterofthepicture,and3)suggestcounter-measures.

The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional "paid" media—such as television commercials and print advertisements—still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create "earned" media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage "owned" media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media. Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users' responses. But in some cases, one marketer's owned media become another marketer's paid media—for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies' marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned. The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more(and more diverse)communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them. If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.

Change is inevitable. It is not something that we can bargain with. It is not something that happens only to other people; change is reality. Accepting this truth is sometimes an excruciating process, and there are many who never achieve it; yet change still occurs. At some point a decision needs to be made that accepting change is the first step in releasing the need for control. As intelligent as the human species is, and yet, the word intelligence is subjective, we are not all-powerful. How does accepting the inevitable reality of change produce a sense of freedom? Ironically, allowing truth to be truth, regardless of how we feel about it, can be liberating. When we realize that we cannot manipulate everything in our lives, it frees us to stop trying. Let me pause here for a moment and reflect on that statement. When I say "we stop trying," I am not insinuating that we do not work at bettering our lives, but that by accepting change, it frees us to dance with it, instead of fighting. This concept has been studied and practiced for more years than I can count. It has roots in the ancient world but it holds as true today as it did then. This shows that life, as humans know it, has not swerved in thousands of years. The human condition has no statute of limitations. As long as our species exists, so too, will the human condition . Sometimes, it helps to truly think about the way other life reacts to change. Animals and plants also are subject to its power, but adaptation has kept many species alive while others were extinguished, unable to live with the ever-changing world. If we apply this to our own lives, the analogy can be used as a map to show where and how we shift in order to move along with change. Perhaps understanding change and accepting it may be a life-long journey, but fighting it is a waste of precious time that will never return. Learning to be mindful of the present and knowing that it is all we truly have is a gift. It teaches us to cherish each and every moment to the best of our ability and to pull from our inner strength, and those around or above us, to help during times of intense struggle. In the end, you will be wiser and strengthened by experiencing life as an ever-changing adventure. Remember the dance; release the struggle.

Write on the following topic: Developing Economy or Protecting the Environment 1. 一些人认为发展经济最重要。 2. 另一些则认为保护环境更重要。 3. 你的观点。 You should write about 160-200 words neatly.

Cigarette smoking is a health hazard of sufficient importance in the United States. It was 50 years ago this month that America's Surgeon General sounded that warning, marking the beginning of the end of cigarette manufacturing—and of smoking itself—as a respectable activity. Some 20 million Americans have died from the habit since then. But advertising restrictions and smoking bans have had their effect: the proportion of American adults who smoke has dropped from 43% to 18%; smoking rates among teenagers are at a record low. In many other countries the trends are similar. The current Surgeon General, Boris Lushniak, marked the half-century with a report on January 17th, declaring smoking even deadlier than previously thought. He added diabetes, colorectal cancer and other ailments to the list of ills it causes, and promised end-game strategies to extinguish cigarettes altogether. New technologies such as e-cigarettes promise to deliver nicotine less riskily. E-cigarettes give users a hit of vapour infused with nicotine. In America, sales of the manufacturer, who is the fastest e-cigarettes-adopter, have jumped from nearly nothing five years ago to at least 1 billion in 2013. At first, it looked as if e-cigarettes might lure smokers from the big tobacco brands to startups such as NJOY. But tobacco companies have bigger war chests , more knowledge of smokers' habits and better ties to distributors than the newcomers. Some experts reckon Americans will puff more e-cigarettes than normal ones within a decade, but tobacco folk are skeptical. E-cigarettes account for just 1% of America's cigarette market. In Europe 7% of smokers had tried e-cigarettes by 2012 but only 1% kept them up. And no one knows what sort of restrictions regulators will eventually place on reduced risk products, including e-cigarettes. If these companies can manage the transition to less harmful smokes, and convince regulators to be sensible, the tobacco giants could keep up the sort of performance that has made their shares such a fine investment over the years. But some analysts are not so sure. Many tobacco firms are struggling to deliver the consistency of the earnings-per-share model we've seen in the past. If that persists, investors may fall out of love with the industry. A half-century after the Surgeon General' s alarm, they, and hopeless smokers, are its last remaining friends.

Title: The Prospects of the 21st CenturyOutline:1. What will the world be like in the twenty-first century?2. Yet the effect of the advanced technology may conflict with the benefits we will gain from the new age of science technology.3. To us student, the twenty-first century more likely means a challenge than a change.You should write about 160-200 words neatly.

In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprises the whole vocabulary. First, there are those words【1】which we become acquainted in daily conversation, which we【2】, that is to say, from the【3】of our own family and from our familiar associates, and【4】we should know and use【5】we could not read or write. They【6】the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of all who【7】the language. Such words may be called "popular", since they belong to the people【8】and are not the exclusive【9】of a limited class. On the other hand, our language【10】a multitude of words which are comparatively【11】used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little【12】to use them at home or in the market-place. Our【13】acquaintance with them comes not from our mother"s【14】or from the talk of our school-mates,【15】from books that we read, lectures that we【16】, or the more【17】conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular【18】in a style appropriately elevated above the habitual【19】of everyday life. Such words are called "learned", and the【20】between them and the "popular" words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process.

In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、B、C、D、E、F、G……) to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are several extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. (10 points) It"s not just an American phenomenon: Across the globe, single-parent homes are on the rise. Numbers for one-parent families increased from England to Australia during the 1990s, mirroring demographic shifts reflected in the U.S. census. Just as in America, those shifts raised new questions about how involved government should be in helping single-parent families, which often are less well-off financially than those led by a married mom and dad. (41)______. Annie Oliver, a 32-year-old single mother from Bristol, England, thinks so. "You wouldn"t believe how becoming a single parent suddenly made me a second-class citizen", said Oliver, who struggles to keep a full-time job and give the extra care her disabled son needs. (42)______. By comparison, 9.8 million house-holds, or 9 percent of all U.S. households were headed by an adult raising a child alone or without a spouse. The 1990 census showed 26 percent of homes were led by a married mother and father, and 8 percent of homes were led by a single parent. Similar increases occurred in other countries, though data from those countries are not directlycomparable to U.S. census figures because of methodology differences. (43)______. Single parent households in Australia rose from 5.8 percent in 1990 to 7.6 percent in 1999. Other countries that saw large increases, according to the Organization: —Belgium, 1.8 percent of households in 1990 to 2.7 percent in 1999; —Ireland, 1.8 percent to 2.8 percent; —Luxembourg, 1.3 percent to 2.2 percent. (44)______. Those countries tend to have greater acceptance of single parenting because there are fewer nearby family members to disapprove, Riche said. Lone-parent family households in Japan increased from 5.1 percent in 1990 to just 5.2 percent in 1999. (45)______. "The position of one-parent families in any given country is very much a gender issue—women"s opportunities, especially working-class women on low income", said Sue Cohen, coordinator of the Single Action Parents Network in England.A. In the United States, the 2000 census showed 24.8 million, or nearly 24 percent of the nation"s 105.5 million house-holds, were traditional two-parent homes.B. Should single parents be afforded tax breaks to help pay for child care? Should employers be monitored to make sure flexible work-hours are offered?C. Countries with increases in single-parent homes are often those where the nuclear family structure—just Mom, Dad and the kids—is more common than an extended, multigenerational family living under one roof, said demographer Martha Farnsworth Riche, a former Census Bureau director.D. In the United Kingdom, lone-parent family homes increased from 3.3 percent of all households in 1990 to 5.5 percent in 1999, according to data compiled by the Paris-based Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. It did not specify whether children in those homes were younger than 18.E. Some research suggests children raised in two-parent families are better off than those who rely on one.F. Rates were relatively unchanged during the same period in Greece, Italy and Portugal. These countries tend to think more conservatively about family makeup, and there is more pressure to avoid divorce or unmarried parenthood, Riche said.G. "Most of the research linking single-parenthood to children"s school performance has been done with single nations", says Dr. Suet-ling Pong, associate professor of education and sociology and demography. "We do not know much about the impact of single parenthood across cultures and countries".

"What can Iran teach us about good governance?" is not a question often posed in Washington. But according to Benjamin Hippen, a transplant nephrologist in North Carolina, the Iranians have managed to do something American policy makers have long thought impossible: They" ve found kidneys for every single citizen in need. As Hippen explains in a March report for the Cato Institute, the Iranian government has been paying kidney donors since 1988. To avoid potential conflicts of interest, donors and recipients work through an independent organization known as the Dialysis and Transplant Patient Association. Donors approach the association on their own; they cannot be recruited by physicians or referred by brokers with financial incentives. They receive $ 1,200 and limited health coverage from the government, in addition to direct remuneration from the recipient—or, if the recipient is impoverished, from one of several charitable organizations. The combination of charitable and governmental payments ensures that poor recipients are treated as well as wealthy ones. Critics of organ markets often claim that where payments are permitted, altruistic donation will drop off. Hippen found this is not the case in Iran. The country"s deceased donor program, started in 2000, has grown steadily alongside paid donation.(Posthumous donations are not remunerated.)During the last eight years, deceased donations have increased tenfold. Data on the long-term health of Iranian, kidney donors is mixed and inconclusive, so Hippen recommends that any U. S. system closely track donors and provide them with lifelong health care. Since many potential kidney recipients are currently surviving on vastly more expensive dialysis treatment(paid for by Medicare), providing donors with long-term health care is probably more cost-effective than the status quo. American critics continue to lament that Iran failed to adopt the U. S. policy of banning payment for organs in the mid-1980s. "Carrying this reasoning to its conclusion," writes Hippen, "would entail admitting that in so doing, Iran would have also incurred our current shortage of organs, our waiting list mortality, and our consequent moral complicity in generating a state of affairs that sustains an international market in illegal organ trafficking. " No other country has managed to eliminate its kidney waiting list; the U. S. has a list 73,000 patients long. Who should be advising whom?

Suppose you accept the persuasive data that inequality has been rising in the United States and most advanced nations in recent decades. But suppose you don't want to fight inequality through politically polarizing steps like higher taxes on the wealthy or a more generous social welfare system. 【F1】 There remains a plausible solution to rising inequality that avoids those polarizing ideas: strengthening education so that more Americans can benefit from the advances of the 21st-century economy. This is a solution that conservatives, centrists and liberals alike can comfortably get behind. After all, who doesn't favor a stronger educational system. But a new paper shows why the math just doesn 't add up, at least if the goal is addressing the gap between the very rich and everyone else. Brad Hershbein, Melissa Kearney and Lawrence Summers offer a simple little simulation that shows the limits of education as an inequality-fighter. In short, more education would be great news for middle and lower-income Americans, increasing their pay and economic security.【F2】 It just isn' t up to the task of meaningfully reducing inequality, which is being driven by the sharp upward movement of the very top of the income distribution. It is all the more interesting that the research comes from Mr. Summers, a former Treasury secretary who is hardly known as a soak-the-rich class warrior.【F3】 It is published by the Hamilton Project, a centrist research group operating with Wall Street funding and seeking to find third-way-style solutions to America' s problems that can unite left and right. 【F4】 In their simulation, they assume that 10 percent of non-college-educated men of prime working age suddenly obtained a college degree or higher, which would be an unprecedented rise in the proportion of the work force with advanced education. They assume that these more educated men go from their current pay levels to pay that is in line with current college graduates, minus an adjustment for the fact that more college grads in the work force could depress their wages a bit. 【F5】 "Increasing the educational attainment of men without a college degree will increase their average earnings and their likelihood of being employed," the authors write. And even if it doesn' t do much to reduce overall inequality, they find it does reduce inequality within the bottom half of the income distribution, by increasing the earnings of those near the 25th percentile of earnings.

OnExam-orientedEducationWriteanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthedrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.

It is a fact universally accepted that Britons dislike immigration. Sure enough, when travel restrictions on Romanians and Bulgarians (imposed when their countries joined the EU) were lifted on January 1st, newspapers and politicians fretted. Two MPs even took it upon themselves to meet a morning flight from Bucharest and quiz its passengers. Yet a report published on January 2nd by Ipsos MORI, a polling firm, shows attitudes to be more varied. A widening gap divides those born before 1965 from younger folk. Although immigrants are often said to deprive younger Britons of entry-level jobs and housing, members of Generation Y (born in 1980 or later) and Generation X (born between 1966 and 1979) are ambivalent towards them. By contrast, the baby boomers (born between 1945 and 1965) and the old, who benefit most from cheap carers and cleaners, counterintuitively think immigrants a drag. Age influences opinion more strongly than social class does. This makes Britain an oddity. Ipsos MORI conducted the same study in Germany, and found the views of the young and the old to be converging. According to Robert Ford of the University of Manchester, the gap between the old and the young is larger in Britain than in America, France or Spain, too. Different life experiences explain why. When baby boomers were in their politically formative teens and early 20s, Britain was a pretty homogeneous place; before the mid-1970s it was closer to the Commonwealth than to continental Europe. That generation grew up doubtful about diversity. East European immigrants, who began arriving in large numbers in the mid-2000s, doubly offend them. Bobby Duffy of Ipsos MORI, who has conducted focus groups with members of this generation, reports that the prospect of retirement makes people worry about their children's chances. For Generation X, mass immigration, European integration and multiculturalism are part of the furniture. They grew up in a more individualistic Britain; which, says Mr. Ford, explains their relative distaste for authority, homogeneity and flag-waving. This, like university attendance (more common among this group than their parents), tends to make people more tolerant of different races and nationalities. Thus Generation X's experiences are closer to those of Generation Y than to the baby boomers—a fact reflected in Ipsos MORI's findings.

Your friend"s grandpa, a famous scientist, has just passed away. Write a note of condolence to your friend. You should write about 100 words and do not sign your own name at the end of the note. Use "Li Ming" instead.

It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom—or at least confirm that he"s the kid"s dad. All he needs to do is shell out $30 for a paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstore—and another $120 to get the results. More than 60, 000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fogg, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests Directly to the public, ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2, 500. Among the most popular: paternity and kinship testing, which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and families can use to track down kids put up for adoption. DNA testing is also the latest rage among passionate genealogists—and supports businesses that offer to search for a family"s geographic roots . Most tests require collecting cells by swabbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA. But some observers are skeptical. "There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing," says Troy Duster, a New York University sociologist. He notes that each individual has many ancestors—numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father" s line or mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down only from mothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents. Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databases used by some companies don"t rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. This means that a DNA database may have a lot of data from some regions and not others, so a person" s test results may differ depending on the company that processes the results. In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.

OnCelebrityEndorsementWriteanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthedrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.

In this part, you are asked to write a letter of application for the position as director of a big computer training center. Try to make the letter interesting and show that you have enthusiasm for the job. Also state your qualification for the job and your work experience. Your letter should be no less than 100 words, write it neatly and don"t sign your name or address at the end of the letter, use "Li Ming" instead.

You've been working out regularly for quite a while, but you're nowhere near your fitness goals. So now it's time to【C1】______your ultimate weapon—your mind. 【C2】______thinking of fitness as something mysterious that you do with your body, take an analytical, goal-oriented【C3】______to making physical improvements that stick. Try these tips for【C4】______a smart fitness plan: 【C5】______your goals. Whether it's to lose fat and gain muscle or to run a triathlon, it's vital to have a goal to work toward. Knowing【C6】______you're going makes it easier to take the right steps. Get【C7】______. Training gains are met through【C8】______effort over a period of time. Don't expect【C9】______and overnight results—regardless of【C10】______exercise equipment infomercials claim.【C11】______yourself for all the little positive steps you take and for consistently striving forward. Be yourself. Work toward a goal that you can achieve with your body. Don't try to change your basic shape or to go against your own【C12】______physical capabilities. Take an objective look at yourself, then work toward【C13】______what you've got rather than trying to attain someone else's body. Do your research.【C14】______you are not making progress, ask a qualified personal trainer to【C15】______your routine and your goals. Read health and fitness magazines. There's tons of great fitness information out there—【C16】______it to fit you. 【C17】______your weaknesses, then use your brain to outsmart them. Many people avoid their weak points or bad habits, hoping that they can【C18】______them into oblivion Instead, take them up as【C19】______to how you can improve. Keep a food and fitness journal for a month. Then analyze it for【C20】______patterns.

"BLOGGO PLC ", announces its press office at 7 a.m., London time, "last night agreed to purchase Junko Inc, of Wichita". (46) A quote from Bloggo"s proud chairman sets out how well the American purchase fits the British buyer"s strategy. And the British shareholder, if he is wise, heads for his broker and the exit. (47) That, repeatedly, has been the lesson of British incursions into the United States: from attempts in the 1950s of firms like Austin and Morris to sell their utterly ill-suited and often ill-built small cars of the time, through European Ferries, which in the 1980s bought up several thousand acres near Denver, presumably without asking—until it went all, but belly up—whether a cross-Channel ferry firm really knew more about land in Colorado than local real-estate buffs did. Even in the later era of serious direct investment, British incursions have had a spotty record. Two academics at Exeter University"s new finance and investment centre, have now put figures on it. Alan Gregory and Steve McCorriston studied 197 British takeovers in America, nearly all the significant ones, in manufacturing and services (banking excluded) in 1984-94. (48) Over a five-year period from the purchase, they found, the cumulative return to shareholders was 27% lower than "normal"—i.e., for similar companies that had stayed at home—and notably worse than the trivial difference over one year that stockmarkets (and academics) have tended to look at. (49) The figure was also in notable contrast to comparable ones from 97 takeovers in the European Union, and 39 elsewhere in the world. Returns in the EU looked better than normal, but the figures were not statistically significant; those in the rest of the world were both, 32% better. (50) You might expect the opposite, given that Britain"s corporate culture is much like America"s. but some way from those of most EU countries. So why the unexpected outcome? The Exeter academics do not know, but would love to find out—if they can get the research funding.

Last Sunday, you ate at a restaurant and found a fly in one of the dishes you ordered. Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant and offer your suggestions on this problem. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.