How men first learned to invent words is unknown; 【C1】______, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain 【C2】______ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things,【C3】______they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed 【C4】______certain signs, called letters, which could be 【C5】______ to represent those sounds, and which could be【C6】______. Those sounds, whether spoken,【C7】______written in letters, we call words. The power of words, then, lies in their 【C8】______—the things they bring up before our minds. Words become 【C9】______ with meaning for us by experience; 【C10】______the longer we live, the more certain words【C11】______ to us the happy and sad events of our past; and the more we 【C12】______ , the more the number of words that mean something to us 【C13】______ . Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal 【C14】______to our minds and emotions. This 【C15】______and telling use of words is what we call 【C16】______ style. Above all, the real poet is a master of【C17】______. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which【C18】______their position and association can【C19】______men to tears. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will【C20】______our speech or writing silly and vulgar.

Nancy was a fixture at Madrid games in her school day.

Newspaper publishers make money mainly from subscribers and advertisers. It"s been that way for centuries. But in the last few years an important new income stream has opened up for newspapers Among the pioneers is The Gazette Company in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, which since 1993 has been providing information to its readers delivered by both paper and, increasingly, the Web. "If a newspaper views itself as ink on paper, I don"t think it will survive," says Steve Hannah, vice president of information technology. (46) Online newspapers are a look into the future, and just pondering it raises the question of whether it isn"t nicer getting our daily news curled up in your favorite chair with your ballpoint pen handy to circle items of interests, or scissors ready to snip out articles you want to save. The Gazette Company is betting its subscribers want both electronic and paper options, and so far it seems to be right. The rest of the world is moving into cyberspace more slowly than the United States, and, in the developing world, the Internet has hardly penetrated at all. (47) U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan is determined to change this through the United Nations Information Technology Service, which will train large numbers of people to tap into the income-enhancing power of the Internet. Annan is also proposing an Internet health network that will provide state-of-the-art medical knowledge to 10,000 clinics and hospitals in poor countries. The onrushing Cyber Age has given newfound power to us all, as seen in Jody Williams"s one-woman organization using e-mail to promote a global ban on land mines. Yet, this is but a glimpse of what"s ahead in the minds of those immersed in this great and accelerating transformation. (48) At Microsoft, Bill Gates predicts that by 2018 major newspapers will "publish their last paper editions and move solely to electronic distribution", and that by 2020 dictionaries will redefine books as "e-Book titles read on screen". (49) Computers have metamorphosed from the University of Pennsylvania"s 1946 ENIAC—whose more than 17,000 vacuum tubes had less number-crunching power than today"s laptop—into thumbnail-sized computer chips containing 42 million transistors. William Van Dusen Wishard, president of World Trends Research, is concerned. (50) In a speech to the Issue Management Council in Washington, D.C., he noted that "researchers at Carnegie Mellon University cite a two-year study showing depression and loneliness appearing at greater levels in people using the Internet than in others not using it, or not using it as much. Extensive exposure to the wider world via the Net appears to make people less satisfied with their personal lives."

In the 90"s, people went crazy about wireless. Electronic communications once thought bound permanently to the world of cables and hard-wired connections suddenly were sprung free, and the possibilities seemed endless. Entrenched monopolies would fall, and a new uncabled era would usher in a level of intimate contact that would not only transform business but change human behavior. Such was the view by the end of that groundbreaking decade—the 1890s. To be sure, the wild publicity of those days wasn"t all hot air. Marconi"s "magic box" and its contemporaneous inventions kicked off an era of profound changes, not the least of which was the ad vent of broadcasting. So it does seem strange that a century later, the debate once more is about how wireless will change everything. And once again, the noisy confusion is justified. Changes are on the way that are arguably as earth shattering as the world"s first wireless transformation. Certainly a huge part of this revolution comes from introducing the most powerful communication tools of our time. Between our mobile phones, our BlackBerries and Treos, and our Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) computers, we"re always on and always connected—and soon our cars and our appliances will be, too. While there has been considerable planning for how people will use these tools and how they"ll pay for them, the wonderful reality is that, as with the Internet, much of the action in the wireless world will ultimately emerge from the imaginative twists and turns that are possible when dig ital technology trumps the analog mindset of telecom companies and government regulators. Wi-Fi is itself a shining example of how wireless innovation can shed the tethers of conventional wisdom. At one point, it was assumed that when people wanted to use wireless devices for things other than conversation, they"d have to rely on the painstakingly drawn, investment-heavy standards adopted by the giant corporations that earn a lot through your monthly phone bill. But then some re searchers came up with a new communications standard exploiting an unlicensed part of the spectrum. It was called 802.11, and only later sexed up with the name Wi-Fi. Though the range of signal was only some dozens of meters, Wi-Fi turned out to be a great way to wirelessly extend an Internet connection in the home or office. A new class of activist was born: the bandwidth liberator, with a goal of extending free wireless Internet to anyone venturing within the range of a free hotspot. Meanwhile, Apple Computer seized on the idea as a consumer solution, others followed and now Wi-Fi is as common as the modem once was.

As Dr. Samuel Johnson said in a different era about ladies preaching the surprising thing about computers is not that they think less well than a man, but that they think at all. The early electronic computer did not have much going for it except a marvelous memory and some good math skills. But today the best models can be wired up to learn by experience, follow an argument, ask proper questions and write poetry and music. They can also carry on somewhat puzzling conversations. Computers imitate life. As computers get more complex, the imitation gets better. Finally, the line between the original and the copy becomes unclear. In another 15 years or so, we will see the computer as a new form of life. The opinion seems ridiculous because, for one thing, computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures. But drives can be programmed into the computer"s brain just as a new form of life. Computers match people in some roles, and when fast decisions are needed in a crisis, they often surpass them. Having evolved when the pace of life was slower, the human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from absorbing several streams of information simultaneously and acting on them quickly. Throw too many things at the brain at one time and it freezes up. We are still in control, but the capabilities of computers are increasing at a fantastic rate, while raw human intelligence is changing slowly, if at all. Computer power has increased ten times every eight years since 1846. In the 1990s, when the sixth generation appears, the reasoning power of an intelligence built out of silicon will begin to match that of the human brain. That does not mean the evolution of intelligence has ended on the earth. Judging by the past, we can expect that a new species will arise out of man, surpassing his achievements as he has surpassed those of his predecessor. Only a carbon chemistry enthusiast would assume that the new species must be man"s flesh-and-blood descendants. The new kind of intelligent life is more likely to be made of silicon.

The most general definition that can be given, is, that the Philosophy of History means nothing but the thoughtful consideration of it. Thought is, indeed, essential to humanity. (46) It is this that distinguishes us from the brutes. In sensation, cognition and intellection; in our instincts and wills, as far as they are truly human, Thought is an invariable element. The only Thought which Philosophy brings with it to the contemplation of History, is the simple conception of Reason; that Reason is the Sovereign of the World; (47) that the history of the world, therefore, presents us with a rational process. This conviction and intuition is a hypothesis in the domain of history as such. In that of Philosophy it is no hypothesis. It is there proved by speculative cognition that Reason—and this term may here suffice us, without investigating the relation sustained by the Universe to the Divine Being, is Substance, as well as Infinite Power; its own Infinite Material underlying all the natural and spiritual life which it originates, as also the Infinite Form,—that which sets this Material in motion. On the one hand, Reason is the substance of the Universe; viz. that by which and in which all reality has its being and subsistence. (48) On the other hand, it is the Infinite Energy of the Universe; since Reason is not so powerless as to be incapable of producing anything but a mere ideal, a mere intention —having its place outside reality, nobody knows where; something separate and abstract, in the heads of certain human beings. It is the infinite complex of things, their entire Essence and Truth. (49) It is its own material which it commits to its own Active Energy to work up; not needing, as finite action does, the conditions of an external material of given means from which it may obtain its support, and the objects of its activity. It supplies its own nourishment, and is the object of its own operations. While it is exclusively its own basis of existence, and absolute final aim, it is also the energizing power realizing this aim; developing it not only in the phenomena of the Natural, but also of the Spiritual Universe—the History of the World. (50) That this "Idea" or "Reason" is the True, the Eternal, the absolutely powerful essence; that it reveals itself in the World, and that in that World nothing else is revealed but this and its honor and glory —is the thesis which, as we have said, has been proved in Philosophy, and is here regarded as demonstrated.

Two months ago, you got a job as an editor. But now you find that the work doesn"t suit to your personal interest. Write a letter to personnel manager: 1) telling him your decision, 2) stating your reason(s), 3) making an apology and expressing thanks. You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write your address. (10 points)

One of the most authoritative speaking to us today is, of course, the voice of the advertisers. Its strident clamor dominates our lives. It shouts at us from the television screen and the radio loudspeakers; waves to us from every page of the newspaper; plucks at our sleeves on the escalator; signals to us from the roadside billboards all day and flashes messages to us in coloured lights all night. It has forced on us a whole new conception of the successful man as a man no less than 20% of whose mail consists of announcements of giant carpet sales. Advertising has been among England"s biggest growth industries since the war, in terms of the ratio of money earnings to demonstrable achievement. Why all this fantastic expenditure? Perhaps the answer is that advertising saves the manufacturers from having to think about the customer. At the stage of designing and developing a product, there is quite enough to think about without worrying over whether anybody will want to buy it. The designer is busy enough without adding customer appeal to all his other problems of man-hours and machine tolerances and stress factors. So they just go a head and make the thing and leave it to the advertiser to find eleven ways of making it appeal to purchasers after they have finished it, by pretending that it confers status, or attracts love, or signifies manliness. If the advertising agency can do this authoritatively enough, the manufacturer is in clover. Other manufacturers find advertising saves them changing their product. And manufacturers have change. The ideal product is one which goes on unchanged for ever. If, therefore, for one reason or another, some alteration seems called for—how much better to change the image, the packet or the pitch made by the product, rather than go to all the inconvenience of changing the product itself. The advertising man has to combine the qualities of the three most authoritative professions: Church, Bar, and Medicine. The great skill required of our priests, most highly developed in missionaries but present, indeed mandatory, in all, is the skill of getting people to believe in and contribute money to something which can never be logically proved. At the Bar, an essential ability is that of presenting the most persuasive case you can to a jury of ordinary people, with emotional appeals masquerading as logical exposition; a case you do not necessarily have to believe in yourself, just one you have studiously avoided discovering to be false. As for Medicine, any doctor will confirm that a large part of his job is not clinical treatment but faith healing. His apparently scientific approach enables his patients to believe that he knows exactly what is wrong with them and exactly what they need to put them right, just as advertising does—"Run down? You need..." "No one will dance with you? A dab-win make you popular." Advertising men use statistics rather like a drank uses a lamp-post—for support rather than illumination. They will dress anyone up in a white coat to appear like an unimpeachable authority or, failing that, they will even be happy with the announcement, "As used by 90% of the actors who play doctors on television." Their engaging quality is that they enjoy having their latest roses uncovered almost as much as anyone else.

It was supposed to be the new-media election. E-mail, blogging, social networking and tweeting were expected to surge in importance and perhaps to decide the race. Something else has happened. Britain"s first television debate, on April 15th, was followed by a ten-point swing to the Liberal Democrats. The debate and its aftermath dominated political news for several days and has transformed the race. It is a triumph for old media. There were signs even before the debate that new media were not living up to expectations. A survey carried out during the first week in April by the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts(NESTA)found that 79% of Britons could not recall seeing any online electioneering—not even an e-mail. The organization concluded that politicians were failing to take advantage of new media"s huge potential to engage with voters. Perhaps. Or perhaps this is to confuse novelty with importance. For several reasons, traditional media are rattier good at delivering political messages. The first television debate, on ITV, was watched by 9.4m Britons. That works out to 37% of the prime-time audience—better than the share of Americans who watched the first round between John McCain and Barack Obama in 2008. Television is the only technology that can reach so many people in a single day. But others are not far behind. Although their circulation has declined, newspapers still reach large audiences. The Sun, which supports the Conservatives, is read by 8m people each day. By comparison, much-touted social media like Twitter are so niche as to be almost invisible. And old media take up a big proportion of people"s leisure time. Each televised debate lasts for 90 minutes. The average reader spends 40 minutes with his daily newspaper and an hour with the Saturday and Sunday papers. It takes just seconds to read an e-mail or a politician"s tweet. One must make some heroic assumptions about the appeal of digital media to think they influence people as much as traditional outlets. Unlike the internet, newspapers and television tilt towards the old, with fully 47% of the audience for the first debate being aged 55 or older. Advertisers are less keen to reach the old than the young, which is one reason newspapers are losing money. But an aged audience is precisely what politicians want. The old are much more likely to vote than the young. Of course, the television debates have been circulated through tweets and e-mails, just as they have been dissected by newspapers. New media are handy for firing up committed supporters, too. But when it comes to reaching the voters who matter, the old technologies are still the best.

Could money cure sick health-care systems in Britain, which will be the place to look for proof in 2003. The National Health Service (NHS), which offers free health care financed by taxes, is receiving an emergency no-expense-spared injection of cash. By 2007, total health spending in Britain will reach over 9% of GDP—the same share France had when it was rated the world"s best health service by the World Health Organization in 2000. The Labor government"s response was not to conduct a fundamental review about how best to reform health care for the 21st century. Rather, it concluded that shortage of money, not the form of financing or provision, was the main problem. In 2002, Gordon Brown, the powerful chancellor of the exchequer, used a review of the NHS"S future financing requirements to reject alternative funding models that would allow patients to sign up with competing insurers and so exercise greater control over their own health care. Alan Milburn, the health minister, has made some tentative steps back towards the internal market introduced by the Conservative government. It means that a dozen top-ranking hospitals will also have been given greater freedom to run their own affairs. However, these reforms will not deliver real consumer power to patients. As a result, the return on the money pouring into the NHS looks set to be disappointingly meager. Already there are worrying signs that much of the cash cascade will be soaked up in higher pay and shorter hours for staff and bear little relation to extra effort, productivity and quality. Some improvements will occur but far less than might be expected from such a financial windfall. Health-care systems in the developed world share a common history, argues David Cutler at Harvard University. First governments founded generous universal systems after the Second World War. With few controls over the demand for medical care or its supply, costs then spiraled up. Starting in the 1980s there was a drive to contain expenditure, often through crude constraints on medical budgets which ran counter to rising patient expectations. Now this strategy has run its course: a third wave of reforms is under way to increase efficiency and restrain demand through cost-sharing between insurers and patients. Viewed from this perspective, the government"s plan to shower cash on a largely unreformed NHS looks anomalous. But before more fundamental change can be contemplated in Britain, the old system must be shown to be incapable of cure through money. This harsh lesson is likely to be learnt as early as 2003.

One of the most pressing challenges that the United States—and indeed, the world—will face in the next few decades is how to alleviate the growing stress that human activities are placing on the environment. The consequences are just too great to ignore. Wildlife habitats are being degraded or disappearing altogether as new developments take up more land. Plant and animal species are becoming extinct at a greater rate now than at any time in Earth" s history. As many as 30 percent of the world" s fish stocks are overexploited. And the list goes on . Yet, there is reason to have hope for the future. Advances in computing power and molecular biology are among the tremendous increases in scientific capability that are helping researchers gain a better understanding of these problems. Recent developments in science and technology could provide the basis for some major, and timely actions that would improve our understanding of how human activities affect the environment. One priority for research is improving hydrological forecasting. It has been estimated that the world" s water use could triple in the next two decades. Already, widespread water shortages have occurred in parts of China, India, North Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula. The need for water also is taking its toll on freshwater ecosystems in the United States. Only 2 percent of the nation" s streams are considered in good condition, and close to 40 percent of native fish species are rare to extinct. Using a variety of new remote sensing tools, scientists can learn more about how precipitation affects water levels, how surface water is generated and transported, and how changes in the landscape affect water supplies. To prevent outbreaks of infectious diseases in plants, animals, and humans, more study is needed on how pathogens, parasites, and disease-carrying species—as well as humans and other species they infect— are affected by changes in the environment. The overuse of antibiotics both in humans and in farm animals has contributed to the growth of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Researchers can take advantage of new technologies in genetics and computing to better monitor and predict the effects that environmental changes might have on disease outbreaks. Humans have made alterations to Earth"s surface—such as tropical deforestation, reduction of surface and ground water, and massive development—so dramatic that they approach the levels of transformation that occurred during glacial periods. Such alterations cause changes in local and regional climate, and will determine the future of agriculture. Recent advances in data collection and analysis should be used to document and better understand the causes and consequences of changes in land cover and use.

A lot of people believe that television has a harmful effect on children. A few years ago, the same criticisms were made of the cinema. But although child psychologists have spent a great deal of time studying this problem, there is not much evidence that "television brings about juvenile delinquency. Few people in the modern world share the views of parents a hundred years ago. In those days, writers for children carefully avoided any reference to sex in their books but had no inhibitions about including scenes of violence. These days children are often brought up to think freely about sex but violence is discouraged. Nevertheless, television companies receive a large number of letters every week complain about programmes with adults themes being shown at times when a few young children may be awake. Strangely enough, the parents who complain about these programmes see no harm in cartoon films for children in which the villain, usually either an animal or a monster, but in some cases a human being, suffers one brutal punishment after another. The fact is that, as every parent knows, different things frighten different children. One child can read a ghost story without having bad dreams while another cannot bear to have the book in his room. In the same way, there is little consistency about the things that terrify adults. Almost every one has an irrational private fear but while some of us cannot stand the sight of spiders, for example, others are frightened of snakes or rats. The evidence collected suggests, however, that neither the subject nor the action in itself frightens children. The context in which cruelty or violence occurs is much more important. A good guide to what is psychologically healthy for a small child is therefore provided by a television series in which a boy and a girl are supposed to be exploring distant planets with their parents. In each story, they encounter strange monsters and find themselves in dangerous situations but the parents are reassuring and sensible, as a child"s parents should be in real life. There is an adult character who is a coward and a liar, but both the children are brave and of course every story ends happily. Some people think children should be exposed to the problems of real life as soon as possible. But they cannot help seeing these through new programmes. When they are being entertained, the healthiest atmosphere is one in which the hero and heroine are children like themselves who behave naturally and confidently in any situation.

BPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D./B

Two months ago, you got a job as a consultant for Human Resource Service Company. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss Mr. Chen: 1) telling him your decision, 2) stating your reason(s), 3) and making an apology. You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)

SoBig. F was the more visible of the two recent waves of infection, because it propagated itself by e-mail, meaning that victims noticed what was going on. SoBig. F was so effective that it caused substantial disruption even to those protected by anti-virus software. That was because so many copies of the virus spread that many machines were overwhelmed by messages from their own anti-virus software. On top of that, one common counter-measure backfired, increasing traffic still furthers. Anti-virus software often bounces a warning back to the sender of an infected e-mail, saying that the e-mail in question cannot be delivered because it contains a virus. SoBig. F was able to spoof this system by "harvesting" e-mail addresses from the hard disks of infected computers. Some of these addresses were then sent infected e-mails that had been doctored to look as though they had come from other harvested addresses. The latter were thus sent warnings, even though their machines may not have been infected. Kevin Haley of Symantec, a firm that makes anti-virus software, thinks that one reason SoBig. F was so much more effective than other viruses that work this way is because it was better at searching hard-drives for addresses. Brian King, of CERT, an internet-security center at Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh, note that, unlike its precursors, SoBig. F was capable of "multi-threading": it could send multiple e-mails simultaneously, allowing it to dispatch thousands in minutes. Blaster worked by creating a "buffer overrun in the remote procedure call". In other word, that means it attacked a piece of software used by Microsoft"s Windows operating system to allow one computer to control another. It did so by causing that software to use too much memory. Most worms work by exploiting weaknesses in an operating system, but whoever wrote Blaster had a particularly refined sense of humor, since the website under attack was the one from which users could obtain a program to fix the very weakness in Windows that the worm itself was exploiting. One way to deal with a wicked worm like Blaster is to design a fairy godmother worm that goes around repairing vulnerable machines automatically. In the case of Blaster someone seems to have tried exactly that with a program called Welchi. However, according to Mr. Haley, Welchi has caused almost as many problems as Blaster itself, by overwhelming networks with "pings"—signals that checked for the presence of other computers. Though both of these programs fell short of the apparent objectives of their authors, they still caused damage. For instance, they forced the shutdown of a number of computer networks, including the one used by the New York Times newsroom, and the one organizing trains operated by CSX, a freight company on America"s east coast. Computer scientists expect that it is only a matter of time before a truly devastating virus is unleashed.

The U. S. government dropped its court fight against Apple after it successfully pulled data from the iPhone of San Bernardino gunman Syed Farook, according to court records. The development on Monday effectively ended a six-week legal battle poised to shape digital privacy for years to come. Instead, Silicon Valley and Washington are poised to return to a cold war over the balance between privacy and law enforcement in the age of apps. "The government has now successfully accessed the data stored on Farook's iPhone and therefore no longer requires the assistance from Apple Inc," the government said. It then asked the court to vacate a 16 February court order demanding Apple create software that weakened iPhone security settings to aid government investigators. On a conference call with reporters that the Department of Justice organized, a law enforcement official declined to offer details on the technique other than to say that it came from outside the government. The Guardian has reported that the technique used by the government has been classified. The official also declined to say if the government would share the technique which likely exploits a security glitch in the phone-with Apple. Doing so would presumably cause the company to patch the security flaw. This leaves the Justice Department with a difficult choice: make all iPhones more secure from other hackers and governments who know how to get inside, or preserve an investigative technique. Apple fought the February court order with a massive public relations and legal campaign. The company, America's most valuable, argued that creating such software would force the company to betray its values along with the security and privacy of all of its customers.Apple's CEO Tim Cook argued that if Apple were forced to reengineer its products, it would open a Pandora' s box that could give the government outsized control over how Silicon Valley makes its products. The case forced public leaders from Barack Obama to Bill Gates to declare where they stood on the balance between privacy and national security. It also kicked lawmakers into high gear to craft legislation governing a new generation of devices and messaging services that rely on strong encryption to protect user privacy. "It remains a priority for the government to ensure that law enforcement can obtain crucial digital information to protect national security and public safety, either with cooperation from relevant parties or through the court system when cooperation fails," Justice Department spokeswoman Melanie Newman said.

BSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D./B

He is very practical.

At this point, most of us generally have a clue about the basics of staying in good health—eat well, exercise, don"t drink too much and don"t smoke. And plenty of research has been dedicated to exploring how failing on any of those fronts, or even more than one at a time, can be detrimental to overall health. Yet, for many people, those bad habits have a way of accumulating. And, ac-cording to a new study published this week in the Archives of Internal Medicine, their cumulative impact can be pretty grim. In an analysis of nearly 5,000 adults tracked for two decades, researchers found that stacking up these four bad habits can work together to prematurely age you by as much as 12 years. Looked at independently, the risky behaviors included smoking, a sedentary lifestyle, little consumption of fruit and vegetables and regular drinking—an average of three drinks per day for men, or two for women. When compared to people who had the most healthy habits—those who never smoked, exercised at least two hours per week, ate plenty of fruits and vegetables and didn"t drink at all, or drank more moderately, those with all four bad habits had an increased risk of death equivalent to being 12 years older. In fact, the study authors say that compared with practicing none of these bad habits, the combined effect of all four behaviors tripled or even quadrupled the risk of death. As the Associated Press points out: Overall, 314 people studied had all four unhealthy behaviors. Among them, 91 died during the study, or 29 percent. Among the 387 healthiest people with none of the four habits, only 32 died, or about 8 percent. Of course, while these findings are stark, the notion that individual unhealthy behaviors can join forces to have a cumulatively negative impact is not new. Responding to the findings, Dr. Walter Willett, the chair of the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard School of Public Health, pointed out similar findings in the large scale Nurses" Health Study. Still, Willet said that the simple, common sense steps that people can take to improve their overall health bear repeating, and studies that hammer home these correlations are indeed worthwhile. Referring to the new findings published this week, he wrote in an email to TIME, the "conclusions are profoundly important and worth replicating: healthy lifestyle practices that are modest and simple—specifically, not smoking, getting regular physical activity, eating a good diet and avoiding excessive alcohol consumption—can profoundly affect our chances of living to an old age."

After yuppies and dinkies, a new creature from adland stalks the block. The NYLON, an acronym linking New York and London, is a refinement of those more familiar categories such as jet-setters and cosmocrats (cosmopolitan aristocrats do keep up). Marketing professionals have noted that (1)_____ the demise of Concorde, a new class of high-earner increasingly (2)_____ his or her time shuttling (3)_____ the twin capitals of globalisation And NYLONS prefer their home comforts (4)_____ tap in both cities. Despite the impressive (5)_____ of air miles, they are not adventurous people. As (6)_____ from Tom Wolfe"s Masters of the Universe of the 1980s. NYLONS have done more than well (7)_____ the long boom and new economy of the last ten years. They are DJs. chefs, games designers. Internet entrepreneurs, fashionistas, publishers and even a (8)_____ band of journalists and writers. They are self-consciously trendy and some are even able to (9)_____ houses in both cities. Others will put up. (10)_____ a house in one, and a view (11)_____ a room m the (12)_____. Of course, their horizons do (13)_____ beyond just New York and London. For many, Los Angeles is an important shopping mall. More significantly for adland, NYLONS provide some useful marketing savings. Campaigns no longer have to differ very much in the two Cities, (14)_____ NYLONS bring them ever closer together. The restaurants are the same, with Nobu now in London and Conran in New York. Many plays (15)_____ in both cities at the same time, and DJs shuttle between the two. (16)_____ the same garage to the same people in (17)_____ clubs. Time Out and Wallpaper are the magazines of (18)_____. All this is fine for NYLONS. But not so much (19)_____ for everybody else watching Notting Hill turn (20)_____ a pale imitation of Greenwich Village.