Title: How to Approach MoneyOutline:1. Money is necessary in our modern life.2. But money is not all we need.3. How should we approach money?You should write about 160—200 words neatly.

Several months ago, planning to visit a friend hospitalized with AIDS, I asked a doctor whether I should take any precautions. "You're more of a risk to him than he is to you, " said the doctor, Fred Valentine, an associate professor of medicine at New York University Medical Center. "You might have a cold or some minor infection that would be very serious for him if he caught it because he has no resistance." The risk to me, the doctor said, was almost nonexistent. 【R1】______Doctors now think they understand how it infects, can test whether someone has been exposed to the virus, and know how to prevent its spread to others. 【R2】______ AIDS is a silent epidemic. According to recent figures from the Centers for Disease Control(CDC), since 1979, 15, 172 people in the United States have been diagnosed as having AIDS, and 7, 111 of them have died. These numbers are doubling every 10 to 12 months. Another 60, 000 to 120, 000 people have AIDS-related-complex(ARC), a milder form of the disease which will turn into AIDS in 5 to 20 percent of the cases. 【R3】______Dr. Harold Jaffe, chief epidemiologist of the AIDS task force at the CDC, says that over five years perhaps 10 percent of the people carrying the virus will get AIDS. Another 25 percent will develop ARC. Since in a majority of cases AIDS is fatal—at least so far—the death toll could be enormous. Though the medical community is overwhelmingly convinced that AIDS can't be caught by causal contact, that is what most people worry about. Part of the problem is semantic. Doctors are taught never to say "never" because there's no such thing as 100-percent certainty in science. 【R4】______ But the facts do speak strongly against transmission of AIDS through casual contact. To begin with, no researcher has found a single case contracted that way. Of all the AIDS cases reported in the past five years, not one resulted from sharing a residence, a school-room or an office with another AIDS patient, says Dr. Jaffe. 【R5】______ Theoretically, there is a small risk from a barbershop shave with a straight edged razor(which may produce a minute amount of bleeding)if the razor has been contaminated with AIDS-carrying blood and left uncleaned. A similar situation holds if bleeding occurs during a manicure and the instruments are contaminated and not disinfected between customers. [A]For example, dental patients aren't thought to be at risk. Instruments are sterilized by boiling, or autoclaving—the use of superheated steam under pressure. Either would kill the AIDS virus if it were present. Furthermore, most dentists use disposable needles for injections. [B]AIDS(acquired immune deficiency syndrome)was identified only four years ago and is still as mystifying to the public as it is frightening. Though a great deal remains to be learned about the disease, the store of information is increasing quickly. [C]Nor have any friends or family members who have tended AIDS victims come down with the disease, unless they had sexual contact with the victim. "Mothers who' ve taken care of sons through their terminal illness, handling blood, body secretions, vomit—none of them has caught AIDS." says Dr. Valentine. [D]Because 392 AIDS victims contracted AIDS from contaminated blood given in a transfusion or from blood products used to treat hemophilia, many people worry about giving or receiving blood. To begin with, it is impossible to get AIDS by giving blood. A new, sterilized needle is used for each donor and is disposed of afterward. [E]More disturbing is that as many as 1.2 million Americans may have antibodies to the virus, and a majority of these may be carrying it, even though they have no symptoms. Some of them can spread the disease. [F]Though the public' s attention has been focused on fears of casual contact with AIDS victims, medical authorities agree that the disease is not easy to catch. Indeed, the key to containing AIDS lies in two areas of contact that are anything but casual: sex and sharing intravenous drug needles. But sex and drug abuse are things that people can control. Research indicates that worries of this sort are unfounded. [G]So researchers say things like "There's no evidence of casual spread of AIDS". The public, not recognizing the underlying principle, is suspicious and tends to overestimate the uncertainty.

Quite apart from any awkwardness in the way he handled the hostile bid by rival Oracle for the firm he was running, Craig Conway seems to have been an unpopular CEO of PeopleSoft, a large enterprise-software company. Three managers who reported directly to him were apparently close to resigning in frustration, and the board was unhappy about "misstatements" he made to analysts. So even though there was no "smoking gun", as the board put it, Mr. Conway was fired on October 1st and replaced by the firm"s founder, David Duffield. Mr. Duffield"s brief is now to address Mr. Conway"s perceived shortcomings and his obsession with fending off the $7.7 billion takeover bid from Oracle. At the same time, says Paul Hamerman of Forrester, a research firm, Mr. Conway offered no compelling technological vision for PeopleSoft, and seemed deaf to "quite a noise level of customer complaints". Mr. Conway"s firing prompted much speculation that PeopleSoft might now be more prepared to negotiate with Oracle rather than fight it. But PeopleSoft insists that both Mr. Duffield and the board focus on a long-term strategy for the company, not a quick sale. On the same day that Mr. Conway was fired, however, Oracle scored another victory when America"s Justice Department said that it would not appeal against a judge"s decision to allow the takeover on antitrust grounds. So, this week, the battle moved to another courtroom, in Delaware, where both companies are registered. In this suit, Oracle is claiming that PeopleSoft is not properly looking after the interests of its shareholders by using a "poison pill" and a "customer assurance programme" to keep Oracle at bay. The poison pill is a very common provision, and one that PeopleSoft has had for almost a decade. It floods the market with new shares if a predator buys more than 20% of PeopleSoft"s equity, thus making an acquisition very difficult. The customer-rebate programme, by contrast, was put in place last June. It guarantees that any PeopleSoft client can get a refund for between two and five times its software-licence fee if support for that software is ever cut off. To Oracle, this represents another dirty tactic, since it amounts to a potential liability of more than $2 billion. To PeopleSoft, however, it was not only fair but necessary to retain customers, since Oracle said at the time of its bid that it planned to kill PeopleSoft"s products and switch clients to its own. The two companies" lawyers are likely to be at it for another few weeks, which could yet, see a higher bid from Oracle.

Teachers are heroes, not villains, and it"s time to stop demonizing them. It has become fashionable to blame all of society"s manifold sins and wickedness on "teachers unions," as if it were possible to separate these supposedly evil organizations from the dedicated public servants who belong to them. Collective bargaining is not the problem, and taking that right away from teachers will not fix the schools. The fact is that teachers are being saddled with absurdly high expectations. Some studies have shown a correlation between student performance and teacher "effectiveness," depending how this elusive quality is measured, but there is a whole body of academic literature proving the stronger correlation between student performance and a much more important variable: family income. Yes, I"m talking about poverty. Sorry to be so gauche , but when teachers point out the relationship between income and achievement, they"re not shirking responsibility. They"re just stating an inconvenient truth. According to figures compiled by the College Board, students from families making more than $200,000 score more than 300 points higher on the SAT, on average, than students from families making less than $20,000 a year. There is, in fact, a clear relationship all the way along the scale; Each increment in higher family income translates into points on the test. Sean Rcardon of Stanford University"s Center for Education Policy Analysis concluded in a recent study that the achievement gap between high-income and low-income students is actually widening. It is unclear why this might be happening; maybe it is due to increased income inequality, maybe the relationship between income and achievement has somehow become stronger, maybe there is some other reason. Whatever the cause, our society"s answer seems to be: Beat up the teachers. We tend to believe that most of the teachers in low-income, low-performing schools are incompetent—and, by extension, that most of the teachers in upper-crust schools, where students perform well, are paragons of pedagogical virtue. But some of the most dedicated and talented teachers I"ve ever met were working in "failing" inner-city schools. And yes, in award-winning schools where "all the children are above average", I"ve met some unimaginative hacks who should never be allowed near a classroom. It is reasonable to hold teachers accountable for their performance, but it is not reasonable—or, in the end, productive" to hold them accountable for factors that lie far beyond their control. It is fair to insist that teachers approach their jobs with the assumption that every single child, rich or poor, can succeed. It is not fair to expect teachers to correct all the imbalances and remedy all the pathologies that result from growing inequality in our society. Portraying teachers as villains doesn"t help a single child. Ignoring the reasons for the education gap in this country is no way to close it. And there"s a better way to learn about the crisis than going to the movies. Visit a school instead.

Television eats out our substance. Mander calls this the mediation of experience. "With TV what we see, hear, touch, smell, feel and understand about the world has been processed for us." When we "cannot distinguish with certainty the natural from the interpreted, or the artificial from the organic, then all theories of the ideal organization of life become equal." In other words, TV teaches that all lifestyles and values are equal, and that there is no clearly defined right and wrong. In Amusing Ourselves to Death, one of the best recent books on the tyranny of television, Neil Postman wonders why nobody has pointed out that television possibly oversteps the instructions in the Bible. In the 1960s and 1970s, many of the traditional standards and mores of society came under heavy assault. Indeed, they were blown apart, largely with the help of one"s own. There was an air of unreality about many details of daily life. Even important moral questions suffered distortion when they were reduced to TV images. During the Vietnam conflict, there was much graphic violence—soldiers and civilians actually dying—on screen. One scene that shocked the nation was an execution in which the victim was shot in the head with a pistol on prime-time TV. People "tuned in" to the war every night, and controversial issues about the causes, conduct, and resolution of the conflict could be summed up in these superficial broadcasts. The same phenomenon was seen again in the Gulf War. With stirring background music and sophisticated computer graphics, each network"s banner script read across the screen, "War in the Gulf," as if it were just another T,V program. War isn"t a program—it is a dirty, bloody mess. People are killed daily. Yet, television all but teaches that this carnage merely is another diversion, a form of blockbuster entertainment—the big show with all the international stars present. In the last years of his life, Malcolm Muggeridge, a pragmatic and print journalist, warned: "Form the first moment I was in the studio, I felt that it was far from being a good thing. I felt that television would ultimately be inimical to what I most appreciate, which is the expression of truth, expressing your reactions to life in words." He concluded: "I don"t think people are going to be preoccupied with ideas. I think they are going to live in a fantasy world where you don"t need any ideas. The one thing that television can"t do is express ideas. There is a danger in translating life into an image, and that is what television is doing. It is thus falsifying life. Recorder of what is going on, it is the exact opposite. It cannot convey reality nor does it even want to."

In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、B、C、D、E、F、G……) to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are several extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. (10 points) The race to select the Beijing 2008 Olympic mascot is heating up and from all accounts the panda is out in front. According to news reports, the Sichuan panda team is pulling out all the stops to get the giant panda chosen—not surprisingly, as most of the pandas in China can be found in Sichuan. (41)______. So what does an Olympic mascot represent to the world? The Sichuan team says that the giant panda represents the peace and harmony of the Olympic spirit, but is that what a panda really portrays? What, after all, does a giant panda do all day? It pulls down bamboo shoots and eats, and when it"s not eating, it sleeps. That"s it! That is all a panda does. (42)______. Fortunately there are other candidates for the honor of representing the Beijing Olympics, including the Chinese tiger. Now there"s a contrast with the panda! The tiger is sleek; the tiger is swift. When the tiger springs into action, one can see its muscles ripple with energy; When a tiger is hunting for food, first it stalks its prey, perhaps a herd of wild swine. Then it chooses a victim and cleverly plans its strategy for the chase. Carefully choosing its moment, the tiger takes off with power and speed, as much as 80 km per hour. (43)______. The tiger is sleek, strong, swift and uses clever strategy to achieve its goal. Is it not the ideal animal to represent the athletes who have planned and carried out Icing-term strategies to qualify for the Olympics? (44)______. However, the tiger, like most predatory animals, is not truly vicious—this is a common misperception. Under normal circumstances it kills only for food. When hungry it goes after its prey with fierce determination. it not take fierce determination for an athlete to win a medal in the Olympics? Some years ago, Shell carried out a very successful ad campaign in Canada and the US. The ads showed a tiger getting into the gas tank of an auto; the accompanying slogan was "Put a tiger in your tank!" (45)______. Nowadays China is amazing everyone with the power and speed of its economic development, far outstripping the other nations of the world. In the latest Olympics, the Chinese athletes surprised the world not only with the number of medals they won but also with the categories in which they won them. I would therefore argue that Beijing"s 2008 Olympic mascot should be an animal that embodies the great qualities, power and speed, of the Chinese athletes and their homeland—the Chinese tiger.A. One might say that the giant panda is fat and lazy! What if there is no bamboo? Does it find other food? No. When the panda"s food disappears, the panda disappears. In fact, the giant panda is a very vulnerable animal and that is why today it is at risk of extinction. Do Chinese really want a fat, lazy animal for their Olympic mascot?B. Everyone understood the message: the tiger meant extra power and speed for your car. The original Olympics in Greece brought together athletes in a fierce trial of power and speed.C. Recently it was brought to my attention that the 1988 Seoul Olympics had a tiger mascot. Does this make the tiger ineligible for use in the 2008 Beijing Olympics? In an informal poll of my friends and colleagues, I discovered that no one remembered the mascot of the 1988 games. In fact, they did not remember the mascot of the Sydney Olympics or even of this year"s Athens Olympics.D. They have created 29 possible panda designs for consideration by the Beijing Olympic organizing committee, which will be making the choice.E. To be sure, the giant panda seems loveable whereas the tiger might be thought by some to be rather fierce.F. Does that not make the tiger a better choice to represent an Olympic competition, where the world"s top athletes come together to see who is the strongest, the fastest and the best?G. Yes, the tiger has been revered and admired in China for thousands of years. With its natural characteristics of speed and power, the Chinese tiger would, I am convinced, be a superb mascot for the 2008 Olympics!

A Found Notice Write a found notice of about 100 words based on the following situation: You found a ring in the reading room of the library in your university. Now write a found notice to seek its owner. Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

Short stories are due a revival. In recent years, there have been critically【C1】______collections by American writers such as Lydia Davis and Junot Diaz. But few others manage to【C2】______the bestseller lists, and they are all too often【C3】______by novels.【C4】______their heyday in the early 20th century, short stories are mostly viewed as trials or experiments before an author【C5】______with the real thing. John Burnside, a Scottish poet and novelist,【C6】______, this fixed idea in his latest collection, "Something Like Happy". Over 13 stories, Mr Burnside shows the versatility of the condensed【C7】______. His stories take place mostly in Scotland, in flats "high up on the third floor of an apartment block in the middle of Dundee" or in the back room of a hardware shop,【C8】______men drink "sweet, milky coffee"【C9】______waiting for the results of the races. His men carry knives or conduct extramarital【C10】______; his women are often【C11】______housewives who drink, take up bell-ringing in their local church or fantasise about younger men【C12】______a way of filling in time. Happiness is the subject that【C13】______the collection together. In other hands, this could become sentimental.【C14】______Mr Burnside, with only a few【C15】______, never allows that to happen. Instead, happiness【C16】______stays away from these figures; so much【C17】______they have almost ceased to【C18】______it Rooted in the bleaker aspects of Scotland's landscapes, it is something that his【C19】______continually search for, in these concise and poetic tales—yet【C20】______to find.

[A]Suggest a pre-interview [B]How do you know your contact [C]Leave enough time to your referrer [D]Understand your contact's position in the company [E]Put your request in writing [F]Is your contact willing to provide a referral [G]Say "thank you" Whether you're unemployed or supported by a regular paycheck, job hunting and blindly sending out résumés can be a tiring and frustrating experience. So when the career gods smile in your direction and provide your dream position at a company where you know an employee, it can feel as though your professional traffic jam just opened onto the six-lane new-job freeway. But before you fire off that "Will you refer me?" email, consider some of these important factors that can make or break your chances at an interview. 【R1】______ If your intended referrer is your best college pal or Aunt Winnie, proceed with caution. While it' s great to have friends or family who can vouch for you on a personal level, many hiring managers are more interested in your professional abilities. And getting a referral from someone who can' t even repeat what you do for a living may come across as a weak attempt at getting your foot in the door, not a strong recommendation. The best contact is one who knows your career progression and accomplishments. 【R2】______ Your dream job resides in sales and marketing, but your contact at the company works in tech support. At small companies, this link may be sufficient enough to secure you an interview, but you can't always count on it. The best referral will come from someone who is knowledgeable about the open position and the kind of requirements and experience it entails. 【R3】______ If you decide that your contact is a strong one, then make your request in writing. Your potential referrer can then take the time to thoughtfully consider whether or not she is comfortable making an introduction before responding to you with her answer. And you give her a chance to quickly research any pertinent information regarding the hiring manager and job qualifications. 【R4】______ When making your referral request, ask your contact whether she is comfortable providing a referral. While you might be eager to cut to the chase by asking directly for an endorsement, a wishy-washy or noncommittal referral can be worse than no referral at all, so don't take it personally if she refuses. But hopefully you've carefully considered your relationship with this person so that the answer is a confident "Yes!" 【R5】______ Even if your contact agrees to put you in touch with the hiring manager, offer to take her to lunch so you can provide her with the information she needs to deliver a strong referral. Describe your major professional accomplishments, and relate them to why you think you would be an ideal candidate for the listed position. By offering up the information she needs, you not only increase your chances of obtaining an interview, but you also make her look good to her coworkers by contributing an informed recommendation. Before you even know if you' ve obtained the interview, send your referrer a thank-you note. You'll let her know that regardless of the outcome, you appreciate her time and effort. And even if this position doesn't pan out for you, your graciousness will keep you top-of-mind if similar positions arise in the future!

My eldest daughter l an Internet consultant, is only 30, but she has already lived in five different houses in five different places and has had about six different jobs. Every time I visit her, I notice how many new things there are in her house, and how many things lie unused, out of date. What is even more striking is how many things there are which are not expected to last—disposable things. Disposable plates and glasses, disposable towels and babies" nappies. It sometimes seems that we live in an age of the disposable. (46) This phenomenon of constant change runs through everything in life nowadays, from fashion to music, from medicine to motor cars, from education to employment. Two important factories seem to be driving these changes. The first is the rapid growth in knowledge and the consequent rapid development of technology. The second is the revolution in communications, which means that knowledge is spread faster and more widely than ever. Our times are often called "the information age" and. the effect is to bring about "the knowledge economy." New technologies and new knowledge bring about the need for new skills. (47) The speed with which these technologies are being created is such that all of us are faced with the challenge of learning new skills, not just once, but several times. What we knew yesterday is often obsolete today. I remember my daughter saying to me that she was at "the cutting edge" of her particular field. But within five years, she said, she would have to do something new and different to keep up. There is a greater need for flexibility and problem-solving than before. Tasks require a greater integration of skills. (48) The rewards of life go to the multi-skilled, to flexible teams of workers each capable of contributing in a range of ways. (49) To succeed in this new world of work, individuals will have to regard their careers not just as a process of gathering experience, but as a process of learning new things on an almost continuous basis. All this suggests to me that the relationship between education and employment has changed radically over the last few years. (50) One could summarize the change by saying that when I grew up, I learned things in order to achieve life-long employment, while my children need to pursue life-long learning in order to stay employed.

The first big-name hackers include Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates and Linus Torvalds, all now highly recognizable names behind many of the computer technologies used today. These early hackers had a love of technology and a compelling need to know how it all worked, and their goal was to push programs beyond what they were designed to do. Back then, the word "hacker" didn"t have the negative connotation it has today. The original hacker ethic, rooted out of simple curiosity and a need to be challenged, appears to be dead. The objectives of early hackers are a far cry from the goals of today"s hacker. The motivation of the new breed of hackers appears not to be curiosity, or a hunger for knowledge, as it used to be. Instead, most of today"s hackers are driven by greed, power, revenge, or some other malicious intent, treating hacking as a game or sport, employing the tools that are readily available via the Internet. The rate of security attacks is actually outpacing the growth of the Internet. This means that something besides the growth of the Internet is driving the rise in security attacks. Here are some realities you should know about: Operating systems and applications will never be secure. New vulnerabilities will be introduced into your environment every day. And even if you ever do get one operating system secure, there will be new operating systems with new vulnerabilities—phones, wireless devices, and network appliances. Employees will never keep up with security polices and awareness. It doesn"t matter how much you train and educate your employees. If your employees disregard warnings about the hazards of opening questionable email attachments, how are you going to educate them about properly configuring firewalls and intrusion detection systems for their PCs? Managers have more responsibility than ever. And on top of the realities listed above, security managers are being asked to support increasing degrees of network availability and access. There are some good security measures you can take: Employ a layer 7, full-inspection firewall. Automatically update your anti-virus at the gateway, server and client. Keep all of your systems and applications updated. Hackers commonly break into a Web site through known security holes, so make sure your servers and applications are patched and up to date. Turn off unnecessary network services. Eliminate all unneeded programs. Scan network for common backdoor services—Use intrusion detection systems, vulnerability scans, anti virus protection.

Technology is supposed to make our lives easier, allowing us to do things more quickly and efficiently. But too often it seems to make things harder. This spiral of complexity, often called "feature creep," costs consumers time, but it also costs businesses money.Product returns in the U.S. cost a hundred billion dollars a year, and a recent study by Elke den Ouden, of Philips Electronics,found that at least half of returned products have nothing wrong with them. Consumers just couldn"t figure out how to use them. Companies now know a great deal about problems of usability and consumer behavior, so why is it that feature creep proves unstoppable? In part, feature creep is the product of the so-called internal-audience problem: the people who design and sell products are not the ones who buy and use them, and what engineers and marketers think is important is not necessarily what"s best for consumers. The engineers tend not to notice when more options make a product less usable. And marketing and sales departments see each additional feature as a new selling point, and a new way to lure customers. You might think, then, that companies could avoid feature creep by just paying attention to what customers really want. But that"s where the trouble begins, because although consumers find overloaded gadgets unmanageable, they also find them attractive. It turns out that when we look at a new product in a store we tend to think that the more features there are, the better. It"s only once we get the product home and try to use it that we realize the virtues of simplicity. It seems odd that we don"t anticipate feature fatigue and thus avoid it. But, as numerous studies have shown, people are not, in general, good at predicting what will make them happy in the future. As a result, we will pay more for more features because we systematically overestimate how often we"ll use them. We also overestimate our ability to figure out how a complicated product works. The fact that buyers want bells and whistles but users want something clear and simple creates a peculiar problem for companies.A product that doesn"t have enough features may fail to catch our eye in the store. But a product with too many features is likely to annoy consumers and generate bad word of mouth, as BMWs original iDrive system did.

You"ve been working out regularly for quite a while, but you"re nowhere near your fitness goals. So now it"s time to【C1】______your ultimate weapon—your mind. 【C2】______thinking of fitness as something mysterious that you do with your body, take an analytical, goal-oriented【C3】______to making physical improvements that stick. Try these tips for【C4】______a smart fitness plan: 【C5】______your goals. Whether it"s to lose fat and gain muscle or to run a triathlon, it"s vital to have a goal to work toward. Knowing【C6】______you"re going makes it easier to take the right steps. Get【C7】______. Training gains are met through【C8】______effort over a period of time. Don"t expect【C9】______and overnight results—regardless of【C10】______exercise equipment infomercials claim.【C11】______yourself for all the little positive steps you take and for consistently striving forward. Be yourself. Work toward a goal that you can achieve with your body. Don"t try to change your basic shape or to go against your own【C12】______physical capabilities. Take an objective look at yourself, then work toward【C13】______what you"ve got rather than trying to attain someone else"s body. Do your research.【C14】______you are not making progress, ask a qualified personal trainer to【C15】______your routine and your goals. Read health and fitness magazines. There"s tons of great fitness information out there—【C16】______it to fit you. 【C17】______your weaknesses, then use your brain to outsmart them. Many people avoid their weak points or bad habits, hoping that they can【C18】______them into oblivion Instead, take them up as【C19】______to how you can improve. Keep a food and fitness journal for a month. Then analyze it for【C20】______patterns.

So why is Google suddenly so interested in robots? That"s the question everyone"s asking after it emerged this month that the internet giant has quietly collected a portfolio of eight advanced-robotics firms. Google is【C1】______the venture as partly a long term "moonshot" project— the name【C2】______to its more bizarre or【C3】______ideas, such as its self-driving car or broadband via high-altitude balloons. But it also says it aims to【C4】______a batch of robotics products in the【C5】______term and it has a "10-year vision" of where the company is【C6】______. Based in the US and Japan, the new acquisitions make【C7】______products, ranging from walking humanoids(human-like Robots), to assembly robots, machine-vision systems and robotic special-effects movie cameras. The【C8】______of technologies that Google has acquired doesn"t point to【C9】______one type of robot being developed, says Chris Melhuish. "These technologies could【C10】______anything from a smart bed to a wheeled home-assistant robot for elderly people." But Will Jackson thinks Google will use its【C11】______in search engines to allow people to find【C12】______faster in shopping malls and airports. "You would never go over and talk to a touch screen,【C13】______if a mechanical person talks to you and makes eye【C14】______and smiles it"s very hard indeed not to talk【C15】______. Google knows all about our【C16】______and market preferences already. A robot would be a good【C17】______for that information." Google"s moves are【C18】______of how robotics is changing, says Scott Eckert "The robotics industry is in the early stages of a【C19】______from a primarily industrial market to a dynamic technology sector," he says. "This is an exciting industry with a【C20】______future."

BPart B/B

Globalization can somehow be defined【B1】______harmonization, homogenization or integration of the countries and 【B2】______. Functionally, it can be seen as a process of gradually 【B3】______ interaction and integration of economies and societies around the world. The growing economic interdependence is the most crucial【B4】______force of globalization. In the first【B5】______, it is the economic dimension of globalization which【B6】______both scholars' and【B7】______attention. Transnational corporations(TNCs) and large financial institutions in the mature and developed industrial economies【B8】______a proactive role【B9】______devising and creating global networks in economic and financial areas. However, sociologist, anthropologist and historian state that the non-economic dimension is【B10】______equally important. For example, Alexander the Great did not only militarily conquer Persia【B11】______introduced western【B12】______, philosophy and scientific technology【B13】______the east.【B14】______he noticed that what he thought the barbarian east had a more complex governing system even than his own. Today, though most popular definitions of globalization are still focusing more【B15】______the economic dimension; the non-economic dimension gets more and more attention in almost every society of the world. There are tons of studies【B16】______this topic. Yet, globalization as a phenomenon, in reality, is still in its【B17】______. According to Harvey, a well-known scholar, globalization is the manifestation of the changing experience of time and space, in which【B18】______economic and social processes has experientially【B19】______the globe, so that distance and time no longer appear【B20】______major constraints on the organization of human activities. Giddens, another scholar argues that "Globalization is the intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa."

A Notice Write a notice of about 100 words based on the following situation: The regular meeting of the Student Union this Friday is postponed to next Monday for some reason. Now write a notice to all members to inform them. Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use "The Student Union" instead. Do not write the address.

The Best Media to Use There are plenty of options available for spreading news, such as newspapers, radio, TV, the Internet and so on. According to your option what is the best media to use? Why? Write a composition of 160-200 words.

Suppose you are the secretary of the principal of your university. You are expected to write a memo to remind the principal of an important international meeting he has to attend the next day. Imagine some detailed activities the principal has to perform in the meeting. Write your memo in no less than 100 words and write it neatly. Do not sign your own name on the memo; use Li Hua instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)

In the old, days parents followed a simple rule: spare the rod and spoil the child. These days less violent forms of discipline are favoured. Supernanny, a television toddler-tamer, recommends the "naughty step", to which ill-behaved naughty children are temporarily banished. Yet even this is too harsh, some psychologists say. But advocates of "positive discipline" say "naughty step" does nothing to encourage one to solve problems (and thus build character). Some even suggest it may be psychologically damaging. Positive discipline, which is becoming a fad in America, aims to teach children self-control and empathy. Rather than screaming at them to pick up the toys they have thrown on the floor, parents or teachers ask them to suggest their own way of tackling the problem. Adults are encouraged to think harder about the causes of bad behaviour. Families meet regularly to discuss all of the above. The Ravenswood School in Chicago has embraced positive discipline. When children quarrel, they are allowed to pick an option from a "wheel of choice" poster. These include "share and take turns", "balloon breath" and a spell in the "calm-down corner". In one classroom this has a tiny chair, some fairy lights and an inviting box of picture books. Positive discipline is not new; Jane Nelson, a family consultant and child-care guru , first published a book with that title in 1981. No reliable statistics show how many parents or schools use it, but the Positive Discipline Association, a non-profit that ran 18 training workshops in 2005, found itself running 51 in 2010. Doubters fear that positive really means permissive. Not so, says Maria Vannucci of the Adler School of Professional Psychology in Chicago. The goal is to connect with a child, rather than simply barking "Shut up!" or "Go to your room!" For example, a child who is getting underfoot in the kitchen may need to feel involved and be given something to do, such as rolling pastry or folding napkins. One who has given up on his homework may need to have the task broken down. A toddler who hits another may not know why he is angry; he may be removed or told: "Use your gentle hands." Bribes are out: positive disciplinarians fear they may prevent a child from developing pride in a job well done.