The Yangtze River is the longest river in China, but it is the third longest river in the world.

Who he was, why he married her, what their problems were, and how it all ended happily are told with all the skill of a good storyteller.

It was a fixing sight: there, in the Capitol itself, a U.S. Senator often mocked for his halting, inarticulate speaking, reached deep into his Midwestern roots and spoke eloquently, even poetically, about who he was and what he believed, stunning politicians and journalists alike. I refer, of course, to Senator Jefferson Smith. In Frank Capra"s classic Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, Jimmy Stewart plays this simple, idealistic small-town American, mocked and scorned by the big-moneyed, oh-so-sophisticated power elite—only to triumph over a corrupt Establishment with his rock-solid goodness. At root, it is this role that soon-to-be-ex-Senator Bob Dole most aspires to play., the self-effacing, quietly powerful small-town man from Main Street who outwits the cosmopolitan, slick-talking snob from the fleshpots. And why not? There is, after all, no more enduring American icon. How enduring? Before Americans had a Constitution, Thomas Jefferson was arguing that the new nation"s future would depend on a base of agrarian yeomen free from the vices inherent in big cities. In 1840 one of the classic, image-driven presidential campaigns featured William Henry Harrison as the embodiment of rural virtues, the candidate of the log cabin and hard cider, defeating the incumbent Martin Van Buren, who was accused of dandified dress and manners. There is, of course, a huge disconnect between this professed love of the simple, unspoiled life and the way Americans actually live. As a people, Americans have spent the better part of the 20th century deserting the farms and the small towns for the cities and the suburbs; and are torn between vacationing in Disney World and Las Vegas. U.S. politicians too haven"t exactly shunned the temptations of the cosmopolitan life. The town of Russell, Kansas, often seems to be Dole"s running mate, but the candidate spends his leisure time in a luxury condominium in Bal Harbor, Florida. Bill Clinton still believes in a place called Hope, but the spiffy, celebrity-dense resorts of Martha"s Vineyard "and Jackson Hole are where he kicks back. Ronald Reagan embodied the faith-and-family pieties of the front porch and Main Street, but he fled Iowa for a career and a life in Hollywood. Still, the hunger for the way Americans believe they are supposed to live is strong, and the distrust of the intellectual hustler with his airs and his high flown language runs deep. It makes sense for the Dole campaign to make this a contest between Dole as the laconic, quiet man whose words can be trusted and Bill Clinton as the traveling salesman with a line of smooth patter but a suitcase full of damaged goods. It makes sense for Dole to make his campaign song Thank God I"m a Country Boy—even if he is humming it 9,200m up in a corporate jet on his way to a Florida condo.

Plans for buildings that are not just big but truly huge adorn the walls of Kohn Pedersen Fox (KPF), an architectural firm in New York. Few people aspire to 200 storeys. In the aftermath of the World Trade Centre"s collapse 18 months ago, such towering schemes seemed to have no chance of becoming reality. Yet in April KPF will complete work on a Tokyo complex with a central skyscraper that will feature one of the highest floors in Japan. Submissions are being readied for still bigger projects in several different countries. Whether "bigness" makes business sense is the subject of intense debate. Europe has largely stayed out of the skyscraper race. A proposed 66-storey London Bridge Tower, which would be the continent"s largest building, may eventually go up. It would not stand out in Manhattan. Executives in the City of London, Europe"s largest financial market, contend that even in a non-earthquake-prone area, once a building rises much above 50 storeys the demand for additional elevators, stairwells and structural supports makes them unacceptably inefficient. True, up to a point, says Paul Katz, the architect at KPF, but the most efficient building is not necessarily the most valuable. There are some explicit benefits from skyscrapers, notably efficient energy usage, plus less tangible ones such as the savings and benefits that come from clustering employees in one place. Typically, where firms most like to operate, sites are scarce. As a result, it often makes sense to add floors, even at ever greater cost. Skyscrapers have risen slowly in Japan due to earthquake fears, but now they are going up. With New York"s economy suffering, redundancies mounting and continuing fear of terrorism, it is hard to imagine anybody financing new construction in the city, let alone a vast new skyscraper on a site that many believe should be used only as a memorial. But even before the events of September 11th, construction techniques were changing to resolve shortcomings that existed in the 1960s when work began on the World Trade Center. Rather than being supported merely by steel curtain walls, the new skyscrapers have concrete cores linked to strong columns in the outer walls. Nobody now underestimates the devastation that would be caused if an aircraft strikes a building; but at the least, the new crop of tall buildings are designed so that they would not collapse if hit by even the largest passenger plane. That may not sound particularly reassuring to anyone asked to work on the 100th floor. But the business of building to the sky dates back at least to the tower of Babel—and no disaster has stopped it for long.

Last week it emerged that BAE Systems, Europe's biggest defence firm, and EADS, the owner of Airbus and a smaller defence business, were mooting a ￡38 billion ($50 billion) merger. This week the buzz behind closed doors concerned a single question: will governments allow it? The business case is straightforward. BAE is ailing. Despite successfully gambling on becoming a big gun in America nearly a decade ago, the slump in defence spending on both sides of the Atlantic had forced it to consider new options. Its tentative advances to Rolls-Royce were rebuffed.【C1】______ At any other time, the obstacles to a deal—differences over valuation, clashing personalities and the politicised shareholding structure of EADS—might still have seemed insurmountable. But valuation has become less of an issue. BAE's price/earnings ratio fell by nearly a third in the 18 months before merger rumours began this summer. Pessimism about the firm's prospects deepened, too. Politics and personalities have grown easier. 【C2】______. He has also maintained close relationships at BAE, particularly with its boss, Ian King. The defeat of France's president, Nicolas Sarkozy, in May helped, too. Mr. Sarkozy was chummy with Serge Dassault, the owner of Dassault Aviation, a rival maker of jets. He would never have allowed a marriage that could hurt Dassault. 【C3】______. Yet uniting the two firms will not be easy. The governments of at least four countries must agree: France, Germany, Britain and America. 【C4】______. A big defence firm like the merged BAE/EADS will have to assure its customers (governments) that vital intelligence is ring-fenced and cannot leak from one part of the business to another. Nor can it be acquired by an unsuitable buyer. Satisfying these conditions will be so tricky that some analysts think the deal will founder.【C5】______ Rivals such as Boeing and Lockheed are sure to lobby against the merger, since it would create a competitor with bigger global sales than their own. However, the American government should welcome the emergence of a gigantic European contractor, says a defence executive. It could help Europe to do more for its own defence and spend its money more efficiently (i.e. , less nationalistically). More detail about both the commercial logic of combining BAE and EADS and how the overlapping political circles are to be squared will emerge after October 10th. That is when the two firms are obliged, under Britain's rules for mergers, to say whether or not they are going ahead. Both firms are determined to make it work, but it will be their governments that decide.[A] BAE's institutional shareholders will not back any proposal that leaves them with 40% of a company that does not have a normal governance structure.[B] In May Tom Enders, a German who had run Airbus since 2007, became the chief executive of EADS. Mr. Enders has long wanted to turn EADS into a "normal" firm untainted by political influence.[C] The new President, Frangois Hollande, has given Mr. Enders a green light to explore a deal.[D] Both Lagardere and Daimler would welcome a chance to sell their stakes. The French government has indicated it might hang on to its shares, but accept being diluted to 9%.[E] EADS, with orders for the civil jets made by Airbus booming and little overlap in its military business, looked alluring.[F] For example, it will be tough to provide the security guarantees that American lawmakers will demand so long as the French and German governments retain influence over the combined entity.[G] Both Mr. Enders and Dick Olver, BAE's chairman, are confident that they will prevail. It is not clear what will happen to the French and German stakes in EADS.

I' m at my wit' s end to keep this child quiet.

Material culture refers to the touchable, material "things"—physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used—that a culture produces. Examining a culture"s tools and technology can tell us about the group"s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music culture. The most vivid body of "thing" in it, of course, is musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical, performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, for we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra. Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole. Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the fold music as we do with many traditional cultural heritage. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, people"s aspiration will always focus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike. One more important part of music"s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media—radio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the "information-revolution", a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music cultures all over the globe.

This line of inquiry did not begin until earlier this month—more than three months after the accident—because there were "too many emotions, too many egos," said retired Adm. Harold Gehman, chairman of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board. Testifying before the Senate Commerce Committee, Gehman said this part of his inquiry was in its earliest stages, starting just 10 days ago. But Gehman said he already has concluded it is "inconceivable" that NASA would have been unable or unwilling to attempt a rescue for astronauts in orbit if senior shuttle managers and administrators had known there was fatal damage to Columbia's left wing.【F1】 Gehman told reporters after the hearing that answers to these important questions could have enormous impact, since they could place in a different context NASA's decisions against more aggressively checking possible wing damage in the days before Columbia's fatal return. Investigators believe breakaway insulating foam damaged part of Columbia' s wing shortly after lift off, allowing superheated air to penetrate the wing during its fiery re-entry on Feb.l, melt it from inside.【F2】 Among those decisions was the choice by NASA's senior shuttle managers and administrators to reject offers of satellite images of possible damage to Columbia's left wing before the accident. The subject dominated the early part of Wednesday' s hearing. Gehman complained managers and administrators "missed signals "when they rejected those offers for images, a pointedly harsh assessment of the space agency's inaction during the 16-day shuttle mission.【F3】 "We will attempt to pin this issue down in our report, but there were a number of bureaucratic and administrative missed signals here," Gehman told senators. "We're not quite so happy with the process." 【F4】 The investigative board already had recommended that NASA push for better coordination between the space agency and military offices in charge of satellites and telescopes. The U.S. National Imagery and Mapping Agency in March agreed to regularly capture detailed satellite images of space shuttles in orbit.【F5】 Still, Gehman said it was unclear whether even images from America's most sophisticated spy satellites might have detected on Columbia's wing any damage, which Gehman said could have been as small as two inches square. The precise capabilities of such satellites proved to be a sensitive topic during the Senate hearing.

Japanese firms have achieved the highest levels of manufacturing efficiency in the world automobile industry. (46) Some observers of Japan have assumed that Japanese firms use the same manufacturing equipment and techniques as United States firms but have benefited from the unique characteristics of Javanese employees and the Japanese culture. However, if this were true, then one would expect Japanese auto plants in the United States to perform no better than factories run by United States companies. This is not the case. (47) Japanese-run automobile plants located in the United States and staffed by local workers have demonstrated higher levels of productivity when compared with factories owned by United States companies. Other observers link high Japanese productivity to higher levels of capital investment per worker. But a historical perspective leads to a different conclusion. (48) When the two top Japanese automobile makers matched and then doubled United States productivity levels in the mid-sixties, capital investment per employee was comparable to that of United States firms. Furthermore, by the late seventies, the amount of fixed assets required to produce one vehicle was roughly equivalent in Japan and in the United States. Since capital investment was not higher in Japan, it had to be other factors that led to higher productivity. A more fruitful explanation may lie with Japanese production techniques. Japanese automobile producers did not simply implement conventional processes more effectively; they made critical change in United States procedures. (49) For instance, the mass-production philosophy of United States automakers encouraged the production of huge lots of cars in order to utilize fully expensive, component-specific equipment and to occupy fully workers who have been trained to execute one operation efficiently. Japanese automakers chose, to make small-lot production feasible by introducing several departures from United States practices, including the use of flexible equipment that could be altered easily to do several different production tasks and the training of workers in multiple jobs. (50) Automakers could schedule the production of different components or models on single machines, thereby eliminating the. need to store the spare stocks of extra components that result when specialized equipment and workers are kept constantly active.

The Earth's daily clock, measured in a single revolution, is twenty-four hours. The human clock, 【C1】______, is actually about twenty-five hours. That' s【C2】______scientists who study sleep have determined from human subjects who live for several weeks in observation chambers with no【C3】______of day or night. Sleep researchers have【C4】______other surprising discoveries as well. We spend about one-third of our lives asleep, a fact that suggests sleeping, 【C5】______eating and breathing, is a fundamental life process. Yet some people almost never sleep, getting by on as【C6】______as fifteen minutes a day. And more than seventy years of【C7】______into sleep deprivation, in which people have been kept【C8】______for three to ten days, has【C9】______only one certain finding: Sleep loss makes a person sleepy and that's about all; it causes no lasting ill【C10】______. Too much sleep, however, may be【C11】______for you. These findings【C12】______some long-held views of sleep, and they【C13】______questions about its fundamental purpose in our lives. In【C14】______, scientists don't know just why sleep is necessary. Some scientists think sleep is more the result of evolutionary habit than【C15】______actual need, Animals sleep for some parts of the day perhaps because it is the【C16】______thing for them to do: it keeps them【C17】______and hidden from predators; it's a survival tactic. Before the advent of electricity, humans had to spend at least some of each day in【C18】______and had little reason to question the reason or need for【C19】______. But the development of the electroencephalograph and the resulting discovery in 1937 of dramatic【C20】______in brain activity between sleep and wakefulness opened the way for scientific inquiry in the subject.

A very important world problem, if not the most serious of all the great world problems which affect us at the moment, is the increasing number of people who actually inhabit this planet. The limited amount of land and land resources will soon be unable to support the huge population if it continues to grow at its present rate. In an early survey conducted in 1888, a billion and a half people inhabited the earth. Now, the population exceeds five billion and is growing fast—by the staggering figure of 90 million in 1988 alone. This means that the world must accommodate a new population roughly equal to that of the United States and Canada every three years! Even though the rate of growth has begun to slow down, most experts believe the population size will still pass eight billion during the next 50 years. So why is this huge Increase in population taking place? It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and practice of what is becoming known as "Death Control". You have no doubt heard of the term "Birth Control"—"Death Control" is something rather different. It recognizes the work of the doctors and scientists who now keep alive people who, not very long ago, would have died of a variety of then incurable diseases. Through a wide variety of technological innovations that include farming methods and sanitation, as well as the control of these deadly diseases, we have found ways to reduce the rate at which we die—creating a population explosion. We used to think that reaching seventy years old was a remarkable achievement, but now eighty or even ninety is becoming recognized as the normal life-span for humans. In a sense, this represents a tremendous achievement for our species. Biologically this is the very definition of success and we have undoubtedly become the dominant animal on the planet. However, this Success is the very cause of the greatest threat to mankind. Man is constantly destroying the very resources which keep him alive. He is destroying the balance of nature which regulates climate and the atmosphere, produces and maintains healthy soils, provides food from the seas, etc. In short, by only considering our needs of today, we are ensuring there will be no tomorrow. An understanding of man"s effect on the balance of nature is crucial to be able to find the appropriate remedial action. It is a very common belief that the problems of the population explosion are caused mainly by poor people living in poor countries who do not know enough to limit their reproduction. This is not true. The actual number of people in an area is not as important as the effect they have on nature. Developing countries do have an effect on their environment, but it is the populations of richer countries that have a far greater impact on the earth as a whole. The birth of a baby in, for example, Japan, imposes more than a hundred times the amount of stress on the world"s resources as a baby in India. Most people in India do not grow up to own cars or air-conditioners—nor do they eat the huge amount of meat and fish that the Japanese child does. Their life-styles do not require vast quantities of minerals and energy. Also, they are aware of the requirements of the land around them and try to put something back into nature to replace what they take out. For example, tropical forests are known to be essential to the balance of nature yet we are destroying them at an incredible rate. They are being cleared not to benefit the natives of that country, but to satisfy the needs of richer countries. Central American forests are being destroyed for pastureland to make pet food in the United States cheaper; in Papua New Guinea, forests are destroyed to supply cheaper cardboard packaging for Japanese electronic products; in Burma and Thailand, forests have been destroyed to produce more attractive furniture in Singapore and Japan. Therefore, a rich person living thousands of miles away may cause more tropical forest destruction than a poor person living in the forest itself. In short then, it is everybody"s duty to safeguard the future of mankind—not only through population control, but by being more aware of the effect his actions have on nature. Nature is both fragile and powerful. It is very easily destroyed; on the other hand, it can so easily destroy its most aggressive enemy—man.

Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell television, and digital age will have arrived.

Women have long been more in number than men on college campuses. They also hold more advanced degrees than their male【C1】______. So it makes sense that women would also score higher on IQ tests. But for the last 100 years, they've lagged behind men by as much as five points—【C2】______their scores have been rising. Finally, according to IQ expert James Fly-nn, women have【C3】______the IQ gap and are in fact scoring higher than men, reports the Telegraph. IQ, the most widely used measure of【C4】______and is determined based on the difference between one's IQ score and the【C5】______IQ score of a certain age group. It's thought to be a product of both environmental and【C6】______factors, and is a statistically reliable【C7】______of future educational achievement, job【C8】______and income. But the reasons for differences in IQ— for example, between races or genders—have long been widely【C9】______. There are many【C10】______reasons that women finally surpassed men in IQ after a century of【C11】______, according to Flynn, who is writing a book about IQ and gender. One【C12】______is that women have【C13】______been capable of scoring higher but, because of gender stereotypes, never realized their own【C14】______. Gender-based differences in education,【C15】______and social roles have historically set the【C16】______lower for women. "This【C17】______is more noticeable for women than for men【C18】______they were socially and economically【C19】______in the past," Flynn told the Telegraph. Now if only women could close in on that annoying【C20】______gap.

In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、B、C、D、E、F、G……) to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are several extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. (10 points) I came to live here where I am now between Wounded Knee Creek and Grass Creek. Others came too, and we made there little gray houses of logs that you see, and they are square. (41)______. You have noticed that everything an Indian does is in a circle, and that is because the Power of the World always works in circles, and everything tries to be round. (42)______. The flowering tree was the living center of the hoop, and the circle of the four quarters nourished it. The east gave peace and light, the south gave warmth, the west gave rain, and the north with its cold and mighty wind gave strength and endurance. This knowledge came to us from the outer world with our religion. (43)______. The sky is round, and I have heard that the earth is round like a ball, and so are all the stars. The wind, in its greatest power, whirls. Birds make their nests in circles, for theirs is the same religion as ours. (44)______. The moon does the same, and both are round. Even the seasons form a great circle in their changing, and always come back again to where they were. The life of a man is a circle from childhood to childhood, and so it is in everything where power moves. Our tepees were round like the nests of birds, and these were always set in a circle, the nation"s hoop, a nest of many nests, where the Great Spirit meant for us to hatch our children. But the Wasichus have put us in these square boxes. Our power is gone and we are dying, for the power is not in us any more. You can look at our boys and see how it is with us. When we were living by the power of the circle in the way we should, boys were men at twelve or thirteen years of age. (45)______.A. The sun comes forth and goes down again in a circle.B. Everything the Power of the World does is done in a circle.C. In the old days when we were a strong and happy people, all our power came to us from the sacred hoop of the nation, and so long as the hoop Was unbroken, the people flourished.D. It is a good way to live, for there can be much power in a square.E. The water is also running in a circle, falls from the sky and returns in vapor form.F. But now it takes them very much longer to mature.G. It is a bad way to live, for there can be no power in a square.

智力测验的初衷及价值 ——1992年英译汉及详解 Intelligence at best is an assumptive construct—the meaning of the word has never been clear.【F1】 There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them. But it is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas readily, make distinctions, reason logically, and make use of verbal and mathematical symbols in solving problems. An intelligence test is a rough measure of a child's capacity for learning, particularly for learning the kinds of things required in school. It does not measure character, social adjustment, physical endurance, manual skills, or artistic abilities. It is not supposed to—it was not designed for such purposes.【F2】 To criticize it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity. The other thing we have to notice is that the assessment of the intelligence of any subject is essentially a comparative affair. 【F3】 Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a "valid" or "fair" comparison. It is here that some of the difficulties which interest us begin. Any test performed involves at least three factors: the intention to do one' s best, the knowledge required for understanding what you have to do, and the intellectual ability to do it.【F4】 The first two must be equal for all who are being compared, if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. In school populations in our culture these assumptions can be made fair and reasonable, and the value of intelligence testing has been proved thoroughly. Its value lies, of course, in its providing a satisfactory basis for prediction. No one is in the least interested in the marks a little child gets on his test; what we are interested in is whether we can conclude from his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require "general intelligence". 【F5】 On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the others with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.

While Americans have become ever more dependent upon electricity in their daily lives, a crucial part of the system that supports their way of life has not kept up. Yes, the country has built more power plants—enough to create a glut of power in most parts of the country. (41) ______. California"s disastrous partial energy deregulation and the role played by Enron and other energy marketing companies in its power crisis have impeded changes in the national ability to deliver power. (42) ______. Moreover, the deficiency also includes inadequate coordination among the regions in managing the flow of electricity. These interregional weaknesses are so far the most plausible explanation for the blackout on Thursday. (43) ______. The problem is with the system of rules, organization, and oversight that governs the transmission networks. It was set up for a very different era and is now caught in a difficult transition. The transmission networks were built to serve a utility system based on regulated monopolies. In the old days, there was no competition for customers. Today, the mission is to connect buyers and sellers seeking the best deal, irrespective of political boundaries and local jurisdictions. (44) ______. Yet the power industry is probably not even halfway there in its shift from regulation to the marketplace. The California power crisis and the power-trading scandals sent regulators back to the drawing board, slowing the development of new institutions, rules and investment to make competitive markets work. (45) ______.[A] Over all, for more than a decade, the power industry has been struggling with how to move from the old regulation to the new marketplace. This shift was driven by the view that half a century of state regulation had produced power prices that were too high and too varied among states. Factories and jobs were migrating from states with high electric power prices to those with lower prices.[B] But the transmission system is caught in the middle of the stalled deregulation of the American electric power industry.[C] As a result, the development of the regional transmission organizations is erratic. More than one-third of the power transmitted is not under the control of regional transmission organizations. Some states fear that their cheap power would be sucked away to other markets; others do not want to subordinate state authority to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.[D] It was unclear when the waters would recede, never mind when life would return to normal. Power may not be restored for weeks. Looting, too. Began to spiral out of control. Mr. Nagin, who said the city might be uninhabitable for three months, was forced to order police to concentrate on stopping crime, not saving people.[E] What"s preventing greater connection and coordination between regions? The technology exists, and is available; the economic benefits of relieving the bottlenecks between regions far exceeds the costs by many billions of dollars.[F] Yet, despite claims in the wake of last week"s blackout that the nation has a "third world" power grid, the regional networks are first world. But in one critical aspect, the system has become increasingly vulnerable: in the interconnections among the different regions. Both the number and size of the wires on the borders between regions are inadequate for the rising flow of electricity. This missing part creates the worst bottlenecks in the system.[G] Since entering the overseas power market in 1993, KEPCO has established several achievements through its distinguished international business strategies to promote electric power development of the world. Based on its long experience and advanced technology gained over 100 years in Korea, KEPCO continues to build up its outstanding reputation as a leading utility company. Moreover, KEPCO embraces challenges and makes bold steps into wider markets in the world by its flair for dynamic activities, which is favorably received in the Philippines, China, Vietnam and Libya.

More and more residences, businesses, and even government agencies are using telephone answering machines to take messages or give information or instructions. Sometimes these machines give (1)_____ instructions, or play messages that are difficult to understand. If you (2)_____ telephone calls, you need to be ready to respond when you get a (3)_____ The most common machine is the (4)_____ used in residence. If you call a home (5)_____ there is a telephone answering machine (6)_____ you will hear several rings and then a recorded message that (7)_____ says something like this: "Hello. We can"t come to the (8)_____ right now. If you want us to call you back, please leave your name and number after the beep." Then you will hear a "beep", (9)_____ is a brief, high-pitched (10)_____. After the beep, you can say who you are, whom you want to speak to, and what number the person should call to (11)_____ you, or you can leave a (12)_____. Some telephone answering machines record for only 20 or 30 seconds after the beep, (13)_____ you must respond quickly. Some large businesses and government agencies are using telephone answering machines to provide information on (14)_____ about which they receive a large volume of (15)_____. Generally speaking, using these systems (16)_____ you to have a touch-tone phone (a phone with buttons rather than a rotary dial). The voice on the machine will tell you to (17)_____ a certain button on your telephone if you want information on Topic A, another button for Topic B, and so on. You listen (18)_____ you hear the topic you want to learn about, and then you push the (19)_____ button. Immediately after making your (20)_____, you will hear a recorded message on the topic.

After being involved in an accident, you were sent to a hospital by another person. Write a letter to express your thanks. Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

Deane Brown started her legal career at a high-powered firm that tops many new lawyers" lists of best places to work. But when her daughter Morgan was born in 1996, the Boston University Law School grad worked nights and weekends to meet the billing requirements, leaving her feeling cheated. "At that point, I knew I needed to go to a smaller firm," she says. In 2002, she joined Beermann Swerdlove, working in commercial litigation and employment law. "We appreciate that people have lives outside of the office here," she says. Law is a notoriously demanding profession for those with ambition. To become a partner, associates typically have to charge clients for at least 2,000 hours of work a year, though that minimum can rise to 2,400 hours at top-tier outfits—or 46 billable hours each and every week of the year. The burden falls especially hard on mothers who have got kids to tend to and households to manage. Little wonder that while half of all law school grads are women, only 17. 2% of partners are, according to the Project for Attorney Retention. Beermann Swerdlove lies on the outer slope of this bell curve. Fully half of the Chicago firm"s 30 attorneys are women, including eight of its 19 partners. The firm -started 50 years ago by four DePaul University College of Law grads in the Swerdlove family"s sewing-machine shop in Bucktown—didn"t set out to be so egalitarian. Rather, says partner Miles Beermann, it happened because he and the other founders had a different attitude about work. "I didn"t ever want to be involved in running a sweatshop. " says Beermann, 73. "I want people to want to come here in the morning. " A timely trend in the legal business helped, too. Many women who entered law in the early 1970s specialized in family law, which was becoming one of the firm" s specialties. Today about half of Beermann Swerdlove"s business is in divorce. Its clients are mostly hoi polloi, but it has represented such headliners as Chicago Bulls legend Michael Jordan, Pamela Hutul, a family lawyer, joined Beermann Swerdlove as its first female partner in 1996. Brown came next. To put its philosophy into practice the firm requires associates to bill a relatively modest minimum of 1,800 hours a year. Attorneys may work on a flexible schedule or from home as long as the work gets done and the client is happy. There is a tradeoff; Starting salaries for associates are about half of the big firms" $ 150,000 or so, and partners rarely make the $ 1 million or more that a partner might earn at a much larger firm.

People's financial history has a strong impact on their taste for risk. Looking at surveys of American household【C1】______from 1960 to 2007, Ul-rike Malmendier of the University of California at Berkeley and his cooperator found that people who【C2】______high returns on the stock market【C3】______in life were, years later, likelier to report a higher tolerance for risk, to own shares and to invest a bigger slice of their【C4】______in shares. But【C5】______to economic turmoil appears to suppress people's appetite for risk【C6】______of their personal financial losses. That is the【C7】______of a paper by Samuli Knupfer of London Business School and two co-authors. In the early 1990s a severe recession caused Finland's GDP to【C8】______by 10% and unemployment to【C9】______from 3% to 16%. Using detailed data on tax, unemployment and military conscription(draft), the authors were able to【C10】______the investment choices of those【C11】______by Finland's "Great Depression". Controlling for age, education, gender and【C12】______status, they found that those in occupations, industries and regions hit harder by unemployment were【C13】______likely to own stocks a decade later. Individuals' personal misfortunes, however, could explain at most half of the【C14】______in stock ownership, the authors reckon. They【C15】______the remainder to "changes in beliefs and preferences" that are not easily measured. This seems【C16】______with a growing body of research that links a low tolerance of risk to 【C17】______emotional trauma(a severe shock). Studies have found, for example, that natural【C18】______such as the tsunami(a large destructive wave)that hit South-East Asia in 2004 and military【C19】______such as the Korean war can render their victims more【C20】______for years.