单选题Since our knowledge is ______, none of us can exclude the possibility of being wrong. A. delicate B. restrained C. controlled D. finite

单选题The police searched the building ______ but failed to find out where the bomb was.

单选题 There are great careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find thesecareers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is anincreasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance, people who perhapsknow too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who arecapable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. And these"generalists"are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see thatother people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people'swork, to begin it and judge it. The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a" trained" man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. Thegeneralist--and especially the administrator--deals with people; his concern is with leadership,with planning, and with direction giving. He is an "educated" man; and the humanities are hisstrongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a goodgeneralist also a good specialist in a particular field. Any organizations need them in differentproportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds ofjobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly. Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you -- but this is a pure accident. Certainlyyou should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold anyjob. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job ; it is primarily a trainingjob, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.

单选题Bob believes that the invasion of the marketplace into the university is undermining fundamental academic values, and that we must act now to ______ this decline. A. lace B. plug C. cease D. digest

单选题In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called "classical conditioning." This occurs when one event or stimulus is continuously followed by a reward or punishment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associate his mother's face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion. The second kind of learning is called "operant( 动作的 )conditioning." This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother more.

单选题Text 2 The influence of climate on behavior appears all-pervasive. Indeed, who can claim that weather factors have no influence on their decision-making? Everyone can point to instances where plans and activities have been changed because of weather conditions. People's moods also change with the weather: bright sunny days seem to lift spirits, while dark rainy periods bring on depression. Law enforcement agencies are beginning to show interest in the effect of atmospheric conditions on behavior. Every year, the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports provide breakdowns of the crime rates by month and season of the year. Both monthly and seasonal variations are considered to reflect the varying influence of temperature, precipitation, humidity, length of daylight, and a number of other climatological factors. Various studies find relationships between specific climatological conditions and crime. Rising temperature is generally accompanied by increases in aggression and violent crime. On the other hand, high humidity appears to reduce the incidence of physical activity and aggression. Rain, cloud cover, and other forms of inclement weather are associated with lower levels of property crimes and increased depression. Our study showed that low humidity has the most widespread influence on all types of crime studied. The analysis also shows that as humidity increases the level of crime decreases. Temperature also has a great effect. Increasing temperature fails to influence the number of nighttime burglaries/larcenies, but it does increase the other crime categories. Burglaries/larcenies (day and night) and daytime assaults also tend to increase along with cloud cover. Except for wind speed and barometric pressure with regard to daytime assaults, the remaining weather factors have virtually no influence on the levels of crime. Individuals who respond with criminal behavior to weather changes or weather extremes may be controllable by administering drugs that offset these influences. Electrical stimulation of pleasure centers in the brain may someday be a feasible countermeasure to aggressive stimuli due to increased temperature or other weather variables. Changing or manipulating the weather is one possible means of attacking a weather-crime interaction. This approach may not be feasible due to the many relationships between weather/climate and the rotation of the earth. Minor changes may be possible such as regulation of rainfall of sky cover. On the other hand, temperature control may be impossible. More research is needed to assess and clarify the relationship between crime and the various climatological factors. Once this is accomplished, it will be necessary to devise more accurate means of forecasting the weather, counteracting the effects of weather on human behavior, and controlling the environment, or identifying other approaches to the problem.

单选题When we conduct foreign trade, the importance of understanding the language of a country cannot be underestimated. The successful marketer must achieve export requires a thorough understanding of the language as well as the ability to speak it. Those who deal with advertising should be concerned less with obvious differences between languages and more with the exact meanings expressed. A dictionary translation is not the same as an idiomatic interpretation, and seldom will the dictionary translation meet the needs. A national producer of soft drinks had the company's brand name impressed in Chinese characters which were phonetically (按照发音地) accurate. It was discovered later, however, that the translation's literal meaning was "female horse fattened with wax", hardly the image the company sought to describe. So carelessly translated advertising statements not only lose their intended meaning but can suggest something very different including something offensive or ridiculous. Sometimes, what was translated was not an image the companies had in mind for their products. Many people believe that to fully appreciate the true meaning of a language it is necessary to hve with the language for years. Whether or not this is the case, foreign marketers should never take it for granted that they are affectively communicating in another language.

单选题Firefighters are often asked to speak to school and community groups about the importance of fire safety, particularly fire prevention and detection. Because smoke detectors reduce the risk of dying in a fire by half, firefighters often provide audiences with information on how to install these protective devices in their homes. Specifically, they tell them these things: A smoke detector should be placed on each floor of a home. While sleeping, people are in particular danger of an emergent fire, and there must be a detector outside each sleeping area. A good site for a detector would be a hallway that runs between living spaces and bedrooms. Because of the dead-air space that might be missed by hot air bouncing around above a fire, smoke detectors should be installed either on the ceiling at least four inches from the nearest wall, or high on a wall at least four, but no further than twelve inches from the ceiling. Detectors should not be mounted near windows, entrances, or other places where drafts (过堂风) might direct the smoke away from the unit. Nor should they be placed in kitchens and garages, where cooking and gas fumes are likely to cause false alarms.

单选题Although we are (concerned with) the problem of energy sources, we (must not) fail (recognizing) the need (for) environmental protection.

单选题 Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance (类同之处) between their lives and what they see on TV—if they ever get home in time. Them are similarities, of course, but the cops(警官) don't think much of them. The first difference is that a policeman's real life revolves round the law. Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain, running down an alley after someone he wants to talk to. Little of his time is spent in chatting to scanty-clad (穿衣不多的) ladies or in dramatic confrontations with desperate criminals. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilt or not—of stupid, petty crimes.

单选题Robert seldom has the opportunity to date with her. Because her family ______ her to stay out after darkness. A. stop B. hinder C. prohibit D. forbid

单选题When you are near a lake or a river, you feel cool. Why? The sun makes the earth hot, but it can't make the water very hot. Although the air over the earth becomes hot, the air over the water stays cool. The hot air over the earth rises. Then the cool air over the water moves in and takes the place of the hot air. Then you feel the cool air and the wind, which makes you cool. Of course, scientists can't answer all of your questions. If we ask, "Why is the ocean full of salt?" scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks. When a rock gets very hot or very cold, it cracks. Rain falls into the cracks. The rain then carries the salt into he earth and into the rivers. The rivers carry the salt into the ocean. But then we ask, "What happens to the salt in the ocean? The ocean doesn't get more slat every year." Scientists are not sure about the answer to this question. We know a lot about our world. But there are still many answers that we do not have, and we are curious.

单选题Thirty-two people watched kitty Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling about one's fellow man ? "Not so," say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to probe the reasons why people didn't act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency. Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side-walk, is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma from diabetes ? Or is he about to sleep off a drank? Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak in the air conditioning? Is it "steam pipes", or is it really smoke from a fire? It's not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible. He must feel that he must help, or the person won't get the help he needs. The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be "tested." Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The receptionist started them off on the "tests." Then she went into the next room. A curtain divided the "testing room" and the room into which she went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of file cabinets filling and cry for help. All of this had been pm-recorded on a tape-recorder. Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of the ten helped. Of the students in group, none helped. In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn't. They do not feel any direct responsibility. Are people bothered by situation where people are in trouble? Yes, scientists found that the people were emotional, they sweated, they had trembling hands. They felt that other person's trouble. But they did not act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.

单选题John planned to take part in the competition but had to ______ on account of the car accident.

单选题Einstein, like other great physicists before him, worked out new theories that challenge our ______ concept of the universe. A. existed B. established C. organized D. adjusted

单选题It is not easy to give away money ______ it is to make money. A. as B. more than C. as much as D. any more than

单选题 　　　　　　　　　A Quiet student offered room in private house. Share bath and kitchen. gas/electricity 　　　　　　　　　 　B Professional couple,3 children, 2,4and 6,offer single room, rent-free, to student willing to baby-sit 3 evenings weekly, occasional weekends. Live as family. 　　　　　　 　C Double room suitable 2 students sharing. Cooking facilities, share bathroom. Non-smokers only. ＄70each weekly, excluding gas/electricity. 　　　　　　　　　　 D Teacher going on 3-month study course abroad willing to let comfortably furnished flat in prestige block to responsible students. 2 double bedrooms, 1 single. Use of garden. Rent ＄70 each, weekly, inclusive. No late parties.

单选题{{B}}Passage One{{/B}} A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on the resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending. If an economist were asked which of three groups borrow most -- people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or declining incomes -- he would probably answer: those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1947 -- 1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. people with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices. "In a few months," she said, "we'll have to pay more for meat and milk; we'll have less to spend on other things." Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be resented(怨恨) and buyer's resistance may be evoked(唤起，引起). This is shown by the following typical comment: "I just don't pay these prices; they are too high." The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conducive (有助于……的 ) to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.

单选题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In this part there are 4 passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers. Choose the one you think is the best answer. Mark your choice on the Answer Sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets. {{B}}Passage One{{/B}} These days a green building means more than just the color of the paint. Green building can also refer to environmentally friendly houses, factories, and offices. Buildings account for 65 percent of total U. S. electricity use. But green buildings can reduce energy and water use. Also, the buildings are often located near public transportation such as buses and subways, so that people can drive their cars less. That could be good for the environment, because cars use lots of natural re- sources such as gasoline, and give off pollution. Green buildings are often built on previously developed land, so that the buildings don't destroy forests or other wild habitats(栖息地). Marty Dettling is a project manager for a building that puts these ideas into action. The Solaire has been called the country's first green residential high-rise building. According to Dealing, "We've reduced our energy consumption by one-third and our water by 50 percent. Not everyone is leaping to move into a green building, however. Some people think that features such as solar panels cost more money than more traditional energy sources. Despite this, Dettling hopes that green buildings will become common in the future. "It's going to be big," she said.

单选题He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more than A. he was in good health B. his good health was C. was good for his health D. his health was good