多选题居室装修设计应重点考虑( )等方面的因素。

多选题巴兰钦具有深厚的音乐素养，其创作的作品充满了音乐感和诗意，被称为( )。

填空题(Low-level) cumulus clouds, mid-level altostratus clouds, and high-altitude cirrus clouds all (conveys) (information about) (their) atmospheric realms.A. Low-levelB. conveysC. information aboutD. their

填空题Text 3 Modern liberal opinion is sensitive to problems of restriction of freedom and abuse of power. Indeed, many hold that a man can be injured only by violating his will, but this view is much too narrow. It fails to recognize the great dangers we shall face in the uses of biomedical technology that stems from an excess of freedom, from the unrestrained exercise of will. In my view, our greatest problems will be voluntary self-degradation, or willing dehumanization, as the unintended yet often inescapable consequence of sternly and successfully pursuing our humanization goals. Certain desires and perfected medical technologies have already had some dehumanizing consequences. Improved methods of resuscitation (复活) have made possible heroic efforts to "save" the severely ill and injured. Yet these efforts are sometimes only partly successful; they succeed in rescuing individuals but these individuals may have severe brain damage and be capable of only a less-than-human, vegetating existence. Such patients found with increasing frequency in the intensive care units of university hospitals, have been denied a death with dignity. Families are forced to suffer seeing their loved ones so reduced and are made to bear the burden of a prolonged "death watch". Even the ordinary methods of treating disease and prolonging life have changed the context in which men die. Fewer and fewer people die in the familiar surroundings of home or in the company of family and friends. At that time of life when there is perhaps the greatest need for human warmth and comfort, the dying patient is kept company by cardiac (心脏的) pacemakers and defibrillators, respirators, aspirators, oxygenators, catheters (导尿管) and his intravenous (静脉的) drip. Ties to the community of men are replaced by attachments to an assemblage of machines. This loneliness, however, is not confined to the dying patient in the hospital bed. Consider the increasing number of old people still alive thanks to medical progress; as a group, the elderly are the most alienated members of our society, not yet ready for the world of the dead, not deemed fit for the world of the living, they are shunted aside. More and more of them spend the extra years medicine has given them in "homes for senior citizens", in hospitals for chronic diseases, and in nursing homes--waiting for the end. We have learned how to increase their years, but we have not learned how to help them enjoy their days; yet we continue to bravely and sternly push back the frontiers against death. [A] prevent patients from dying honourably. [B] the ending life lonely in nursing homes. [C] originates from an excess of freedom and free exercise of will. [D] connections to the community of men. [E] are shunted aside and ignored. [F] by improved medical methods and equipment. [G] in the familiar surroundings of family and friends.

填空题(The university hospital's) research department (is looking for) volunteers (who) have heart disease, have undergone an open-heart surgery, have had angioplasty (血管硬化), (or a heart attack was experienced).A. The university hospital'sB. is looking forC. whoD. or a heart attack was experienced

填空题(There was) a (tremendous) appetite for new films for the early moving picture machines called nickelodeons, and film-makers sought (rewarded) careers (in this) new medium. A. There was B. tremendous C. rewarded D. in this

填空题A. Gathering the informationB. Cigarettes produced to match an imageC. Changing attitudes allow new marketing tacticsD. Background to the researchE. A public uproar is avoidedF. The innovative move to written advertsG. A century of uninhibited smoking In 1992, the most recent year for which data are available, the US tobacco industry spent $5 billion on domestic marketing. That figure represents a huge increase from the approximate ￡250-million budget in 1971, when tobacco advertising was banned from television and radio. The current expenditure translates to about $75 for every adult smoker, or to $4,500 for every adolescent who became a smoker that year. This apparently high cost to attract a new smoker is very likely recouped over the average 25 years that this teen will smoke. 41. ______ In the first half of this century, leaders of the tobacco companies boasted that innovative mass-marketing strategies built the industry. Recently, however, the tobacco business has maintained that its advertising is geared to draw established smokers to particular brands. But public health advocates insist that such advertising plays a role in generating new demand, with adolescents being the primary target. To explore the issue, we examined several marketing campaigns undertaken over the years and correlated them with the ages smokers say they began their habit. We find that, historically, there is considerable evidence that such campaigns led to an increase in cigarette smoking among adolescents of the targeted group. 42. ______ National surveys collected the ages at which people started smoking. The 1955 Current Population Survey (CPS) was the first to query respondents for this information, although only summary data survive. Beginning in 1970, however, the National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS) included this question in some polls. Answers from all the surveys were combined to produce a sample of more than 165,000 individuals. Using a respondent's age at the time of the survey and the reported age of initiation (age they started smoking), the year the person began smoking could be determined. Dividing the number of adolescents (defined as those 12 to 17 years old) who started smoking during a particular interval by the number who were ~'eligible" to begin at the start of the interval set the initiation rate for that group. 43. ______ Mass-marketing campaigns began as early as the 1880s, which boosted tobacco consumption sixfold by 1900. Much of the rise was attributed to a greater number of people smoking cigarettes, as opposed to using cigars, pipes, snuff or chewing tobacco. Marketing strategies included painted billboards and an extensive distribution of coupons~ which a recipient could redeem for free cigarettes ... Some brands included soft-porn pictures of women in the packages. Such tactics inspired outcry from educational leaders concerned about their corrupting influence on teenage boys. Thirteen percent of the males surveyed in 1955 who reached adolescence between 1890 and 1910 commenced smoking by 18 years of age, compared with almost no females. 44. ______ The power of targeted advertising is more apparent if one considers the men born between 1890 and 1899. In 1912, when many of these men were teenagers, the R.J. Reynolds company launched the Camel brand of cigarettes with a revolutionary approach Every city in the country was bombarded with print advertising. According to the 1955 CPS, initiation by age 18 for males in this group jumped to 21.6 percent, a two thirds increase over those born before 1890. The NHIS initiation rate also reflected this change. For adolescent males it went up from 2.9 percent between 1910 and 1912 to 4.9 percent between 1918 and 1921. 45. ______ It was not until the mid-1920s that social mores permitted cigarette advertising to focus on women In 1926 a poster depicted women imploring smokers of Chesterfield cigarettes to "Blow Some My Way". The most successful crusade, however, was for Lucky Strikes, which urged women to "Reach for a Lucky instead of a Sweet". The 1955 CPS data showed that 7 percent of the women who were adolescents during the mid-1920s had started smoking by age 18, compared with only 2 percent in the preceding generation of female adolescents. Initiation rates from the NHIS data for adolescent girls were observed to increase threefold, from 0.6 percent between 1922 and 1925 to 1.8 percent between 1930 and 1933. In contrast, rates for males rose only slightly.

填空题For most kinds of activities, a large group of people can accomplish more and have more fun than one person alone. For example, politicians, businessmen, workers, and 【B1】 criminals know that they must join organizations in order to be 【B2】 . Since there is usually strength in numbers, labor unions have a more 【B3】 influence on wages and company policy than individual workers 【B4】 . A person may also belong to social clubs and athletic teams 【B5】 he or she can meet other people who are interested in the same activities. 【B6】 you have a hobby, such as playing chess, collecting coins or stamps, or playing a musical instrument, you should join a club which has 【B7】 meetings to talk about your activity; the other 【B8】 will help you learn more about it. Of course, a group must be well 【B9】 . or it might be a failure. All the members should work together on projects and choose good leaders to 【B10】 their activities. In this way, the organization will benefit everyone in it.

填空题In 1492 Christopher Columbus made his first (voyager) to the New World, (probably) landing (on the) island (which) he named San Salvador. A. voyager B. probably C. on the D. which

填空题Insulin(胰岛素), (it is) used (to treat) diabetes(糖尿病) and (is) secured (chiefly from) the pancreas(胰腺) of cattle and hogs.A. it isB. to treatC. isD. chiefly from

填空题(A) heat exchanger is a device (in) which (heat taken) from a hot liquid or gas in order to warm a (cold place). A. A B. in C. heat taken D. cold place

填空题To (people) from the northern parts of the country, (tropical) butterflies (may) seem (incredible) big.A. peopleB. tropicalC. mayD. incredible

填空题The small, local labor organizations of the first half of the (nineteenth) century were (influentially) in (calling) attention to the (extremely) long working day.A. nineteenthB. influentiallyC. callingD. extremely

填空题[A] The glass recycling in UK.[B] The great prospect in household recycling.[C] The paper recycling in UK.[D] The metal recycling in UK.[E] What is recycling?[F] The plastics recycling in UK.[G] Unsatisfactory situation in household wastes recycling. Waste Recycling 41．______ The definition of recycling is to pass a substance through a system that enables that substance to be reused. Waste recycling involves the collection of waste materials and the separation and clean-up of those materials. Recycling waste means that fewer new products and consumables need to be produced, saving raw materials and reducing energy consumption. 42．______ In the UK, the household sectors have relatively low recycling rates. This is in comparison to some other wastes, such as construction and demolition waste and sewage sludge. The government is hoping to increase the amount of household waste that we recycle to 33% by 2015. Some of the materials that we can recycle include paper, plastics, metals (such as aluminum cans) and tyres. 43．______ The paper industry generates vast quantities of waste in the form of paper off-cuttings and damaged paper rolls. This paper can be put back into the pulping process and recycled. Paper recycling in the UK becomes popular during the 1990s. Nearly a million tons of paper from household waste is now recycled each year. Although paper makes up over one third of all household waste recycled. this is still no more than about 10% of the total paper consumed. In contrast, over 50% of waste paper produced by the newspaper industry is currently being recycled. To encourage the public to recycle waste paper, many council have arranged house to house collection schemes. Separate bins and containers are provided specifically for paper. They are collected at regular intervals and taken to be recycled. Other recycling depots for paper can be found at municipal centers and supermarkets. 44．______ Approximately 6% to 8% of UK household waste comprises of glass jars and bottles. However, the largest producers of waste glass bottles are hotels and pubs, as the vast majority of drinks are bottled. A large proportion of glass is collected in bottle banks and taken to be recycled. There are over 20,000 bottle banks in the UK, and they are mainly found in car parks and at supermarkets. There are usually three bottle banks, one for each color of glass: clear, green and brown. The UK currently recycles about one third of its glass. This is far behind glass recycling rates as high as 80%. 45．______ Plastics make up a large amount of waste, since they are available in numerous forms. There are two main types of plastic thermoplastics, which are the most common and thermo sets. Thermoplastics melt when heated and can therefore be remoulded. This enables thermoplastics to be recycled relatively easily. In Western Europe the largest amounts of plastic occur in the form of packaging. Plastic waste tends to be sorted by hand, either at a materials recycling facility or the householder can separate it. This may then be taken to a plastic recycling point or collected by the council. The UK produces approximately about 4.5 million tons of plastic waste each year. Most of this waste arises from packaging. The UK has a plastics recycling rate of only 3%. In Germany the recycling rate for plastic is 70%.

填空题Industrial safety does not just happen. Companies 【B1】 low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them 【B2】 and active. When the work is well done, a 【B3】 of accident-free operations is established 【B4】 time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum. Successful safety programs may 【B5】 greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by 【B6】 rules or regulations. 【B7】 others depend oh an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained. There can be no question about the value of a safety program; From a financial stand-point alone, safety 【B8】 . The fewer the injury 【B9】 , the better the workman''s insurance rate. This may mean the difference between operating at 【B10】 or at a loss.

填空题Smoking, which may be a pleasure for some people, is a serious source of discomfort for their fellows. Medical authorities express their 【B1】 about the effect of smoking on the health not only 【B2】 those who smoke but also of those who do not. In fact, nonsmokers who must involuntarily inhale the air polluted by the tobacco smoke may 【B3】 more than the smokers themselves. As you are doubtless aware, a considerable number of our students have 【B4】 an effort to 【B5】 the university to ban smoking in the classrooms. I believe they are entirely right in their aim. 【B6】 .I would hope that it is possible to achieve this by 【B7】 on the smokers to use good judgment and show concern for others rather than 【B8】 regulation. Smoking is prohibited by city laws in theaters and in halls used for showing films as well as in laboratories 【B9】 there may be a fire hazard. Elsewhere, it is up to your good sense. I am therefore asking you to maintain "No Smoking" in the auditoriums and classrooms. This will prove that you have to keep nonsmokers'' health and well-being 【B10】 . which is very important to a large number of our students.

填空题Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one's side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell. Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that "Gift" means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm's length away from others. Latins and Middle-Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes American uncomfortable. Our linguistic (语音上的) and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world. Even here in the United States, we make few concessions (让步) to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual (多语言的) guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them. When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. Then attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives--usually the richer--who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation's diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters. For many years, American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the 21st century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.A. when they visit another countryB. the result of Harris opinion pollC. poisonous stuffD. multilingual context is neededE. are hard for both the foreigners and localsF. is meant to bring a person to one's sideG. are willing to play a great role

填空题(To many early Americans), chicken on the table represented fancy (civilized) food and suggested (that) a farmer and his wife (has found) prosperity. A. To many early Americans B. civilized C. that D. has found

填空题Text 4 [A] Healing power from the young. [B] A harmful practice out of human weakness. [C] Who should take the burden of looking after our old people? [D] A cure to loneliness found in kids. [E] Comfort typical of a multigenerational family. [F] Benefit of extended age groups. Until late in 20th century, most Americans spent time with people of all generations. Now baby boomers may not have much contact with old people until they're relatively old themselves.

填空题The maple smoke of autumn bonfires is incense to Canadians. Bestowing perfume for the nose, color for the eye, sweetness for the spring tongue, the sugar maple prompts this sharing of a favorite myth and original etymology of the word maple. (2) The maple looms large in Ojibwa folk tales. The time of year for sugaring-off is "in the Maple Moon." Among Ojibwa, the primordial female figure is Nokomis, a wise grandmother. (3) 41. __________. (4) Knowing this was a pursuit to the death, Nokomis outsmarted the cold devils. She hid in a stand of maple trees, all red and orange and deep yellow. This maple grove grew beside a waterfall whose mist blurred the trees' outline. As they peered through the mist, slavering wendigos thought they saw a raging fire in which their prey was burning. (5)42. __________. (6) For their service in saving the earth mother's life, these maples were given a special gift: their water of life would be forever sweet, and Canadians would tap it for nourishment. (7)43. __________. (8) The contention that maple syrup is unique to North America is suspect, I believe. China has close to 10 species of maple, more than any country in the world. Canada has 10 native species. North America does happen to be home to the sugar maple, the species that produces the sweetest sap and the most abundant flow. (9) But are we to believe that in thousands of years of Chinese history, these inventive people never tapped a maple to taste its sap? I speculate that they did. (10)44. __________. (11) What is certain is the maple's holdfast on our national imagination. Is leaf was adopted as an emblem in New France as early as 1700, and in English Canada by the mid-19th century. In the fall of 1867, a Toronto schoolteacher named Alexander Muir was traipsing at street a the city, all squelchy underfoot from the soft felt of falling leaves, when a maple leaf alighted to his coat sleeve and stuck there. (12) The word "maple" is from "mapeltreow", the Old English term for maple tree, with "mapl"--as its Proto-Germanic root, a compound in which the first "m" --is, I believe, the nearly worldwide "ma", one of the first human sounds, the pursing of a baby's lips as it prepares to suck milk from mother's breast. The "ma" root gives rise in many world languages to thousands of words like "mama", "mammary", "maia", and "Amazon." Here it would make "map!-" mean "nourishing mother tree," that is, tree whose maple sap in nourishing. (13)45. __________. [A] The second part of the compound, "apl-", is a variant of Indo-European able "fruit of any tree" and the origin of another English fruit word, apple. So the primitive analogy compares the liquid sap with another nourishing liquid, mother's milk. [B] In one tale about seasonal change, cannibal wendigos-creatures of evil-chased through the autumn countryside old Nokomis, who was a symbol for female fertility. Wendigos throve in icy cold. When they entered the bodies of humans, the human heart froze solid. [C] Here wendigos represent oncoming winter. They were hunting to kill and eat poor Nokomis, the warm embodiment of female fecundity who, like the summer, has grown old. [D] Could Proto-Americas who crossed the Bering land bridge to populate the Americas have brought with them a knowledge of maple syrup? Is there a very old Chinese phrase for maple syrup? Is maple syrup mentioned in Chinese literature? For a non-reader of Chinese, such questions are daunting but not impossible to answer. [E] Maple and its syrup flow sweetly into Canadian humor. Quebeckers have developed a special love for such a nutriment. [F] After it resisted several brushings-off, Muir 'joked to his walking companion that this would be "the maple leaf for ever!" At home that evening, he wrote a poem and set it to music, in celebration of Canada's Confederation. Muir's song, "The Maple Leaf Forever," was wildly popular and helped fasten the symbol firmly to Canada. [G] But it was only old Nokomis' being hidden by the bright red leaves of her friends, the maples. And so, drooling ice and huffing frost, the wendigos left her and sought easier prey.