单选题The sculptors cannot control the result because ______.

单选题Passage 2 One of the most interesting of all studies is the study of words and word origins. Each language is (1) of several earlier languages, and the words of a language can sometimes be traced (2) through two or three different languages to their (3) Again, a word from one language may pass into other languages and (4) a new meaning. The word "etiquette", which is (5) French origin and originally meant a label, (6) a sign, passed into Spanish and kept its original meaning. So in Spanish the word "etiquette" today is used to (7) the small tags which a store (8) to a suit, a dress or a bottle. The word "etiquette" in French, (9) , gradually developed a different meaning. It (10) became the custom to write directions on small cards or "etiquette" as to how visitors should dress themselves and (11) during an important ceremony at the royal court. (12) , the word "etiquette" began to indicate a system of correct manners for people to follow. (13) this meaning, the word passed into English. Consider the word "breakfast". "To fast" is to go for some period of time without (14) . Thus, in the morning, after many hours (15) the night without food, one (16) one's fast. Consider the everyday English (17) "Good-bye". Many years ago, people would say to each other (18) parting: "God be with you." As this was (19) over and over millions of times, it gradually became (20) to "good-bye".

单选题______ no gravity, there would be no air around the earth, hence no life. A. If there had been B. If there was C. Had there been D. Were there

单选题What should a tenant do if he is worded about the security of his home?

单选题Speaker A: ______Speaker B: Do you know that place next to the travel agency on South Street?Speaker A: Sure. I'll go and have a look.

单选题Shop Assistant: Good morning. Can I help you? Customer:______ .I'm just looking mun &

单选题Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ______ it means standing in a queue all night. A. provided B. whatever C. ever if D. as if

单选题For my proposed journey, the first priority was clearly to start learning Arabic. I have never been a linguist. Though I had traveled widely as a journalist, I had never managed to pick up more than a smattering of phrases in any tongue other than French, and even my French, was laborious for want of lengthy practice. The prospect of tackling one of the notoriously difficult languages at the age of forty, and trying to speak it well, both deterred and excited me. It was perhaps expecting a little too much of a curiously unreceptive part of myself, yet the possibility that I might gain access to a completely alien culture and tradition by this means was enormously pleasing. I enrolled as a pupil in a small school in the center of the city. It was run by a Mr. Beheit, of dapper appearance and explosive temperament, who assured me that after three months of his special treatment I would speak Arabic fluently. Whereupon he drew from his desk a postcard which an old pupil had sent him from somewhere in the Middle East, expressing great gratitude and reporting the astonishment of local Arabs that he could converse with them like a native. It was written in English. Mr. Beheit himself spent most of his time coaching businessmen in French, and through the thin, partitioned walls of his school one could hear him bellowing in exasperation at some confused entrepreneur: "Non, Mr. Jones. Je ne suis pas francais. Pas, Pas, Pas!" (No, Mr. Jones, I'm not French. I'm Not, Not, Not!). I was gratified that my own tutor, whose name was Ahmed, was infinitely softer and less public in approach. For a couple of hours every morning we would face each other across a small table, while we discussed in meticulous detail the colour scheme of the tiny cubicle, the events in the street below and, once a week, the hair-raising progress of a window-cleaner across the wall of the building opposite. In between, bearing in mind the particular interest I had in acquiring Arabic, I would inquire the way to some imaginary oasis, anxiously demand fodder and water for my camels, wonder politely whether the sheikh was prepared to grant me audience now. It was all hard going. I frequently despaired of ever becoming anything like a fluent speaker, though Ahmed assured me that my pronunciation was above average for a westerner. This, I suspected, was partly flattery, for there are a couple of Arabic sounds which not even a gift for mimicry allowed me to grasp for ages. There were, moreover, vast distinctions of meaning conveyed by subtle sound shifts rarely employed in English. And for me the problem was increased by the need to assimilate a vocabulary, that would vary from place to place across five essentially Arabic-speaking countries that practiced vernaculars of their own: so that the word for "people", for instance, might be nais, sah'ab or sooken. Each day I was mentally exhausted by the strain of a morning in school, followed by an afternoon struggling at home with a tape recorder. Yet there was relief in the most elementary forms of understanding and progress. When I merely got the drift of a torrent which Ahmed had just released, I was childishly elated. When I managed to roll a complete sentence off my tongue without apparently thinking what I was saying, and it came out right, I beamed like an idiot. And the enjoyment of reading and writing the flowing Arabic script was something that did not leave me once I had mastered it. By the end of June, no one could have described me as anything like a fluent speaker of Arabic. I was approximately in the position of a fifteen-year old who, equipped with a modicum of schoolroom French, nervously awaits his first trip to Pads. But this was something I could improve upon in my own time. I bade farewell to Mr. Beheit, still struggling to drive the French negative into the still confused mind of Mr. Jones.

单选题Passage Two Top business chiefs like Indra Nooyi, Anu Agha and Shikha Sharma may have broken the glass ceiling to command their own boardrooms but these are mere exceptions rather than the norm. A new global survey reveals that women enter the workforce in large numbers but over time steadily "vaporise" from the higher ranks of organisational hierarchy. Research by a business consulting firm Bain and the company showed that organisations lost talent, with a disproportionate number of women employees at middle and senior levels leaving their jobs. "A 5% decrease in female retention, after 10 years, results in the equivalent of wiping out the benefits of increasing female recruitment from 30% to 50%," the report said. "Achieving gender parity in the workplace is possible if business leaders take a systematic and customised approach to finding out what counteracts women along the way at their organisations," Orit Gadiesh, Bain chairman and co-author of the study, said. The study showed that senior management in 75% of companies had not made gender parity a stated and visible priority, while 80% of firms had not committed adequate funding or resources to the initiatives. Other findings showed that while 66% of men reported that they believed women shared equal opportunity to be promoted to leadership and governance positions, less than a third of women felt the same. Also, while a majority of responders supported the idea of gender parity in the workplace, it was the women who voted strongly in favour of strategic commitment. More than 80% of women agreed or strongly agreed while only 48% men felt that achieving gender parity should be a critical business imperative for their organisations. Incidentally, while both men (87%) and women (91%) voted in large numbers in favour of the belief that either sex could be a primary breadwinner, when it came to making career sacrifices, however, men and women reacted differently. While 59% of women agreed they would sacrifice their career for the sake of the household, a slightly lower 53% of men felt the same way. Men tended to be more confident than women that their partner would make a career sacrifice: in the survey results, 77 of men felt their partner would compromise on their career for the sake of family, while only 45% of women could confidently make the same claim. When asked about recruitment or promotion into management or executive positions, both men and women were less likely to agree that parity existed and men saw a rosier picture than women. In the survey results, about twice as many men as women felt that women had an equal chance as men of being recruited in executive roles, promoted on the same time line into executive roles or appointed to key leadership or governance roles.

单选题An earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct. 8, 2005. It took some 75000 lives, (1) 130000 and left nearly 3.5 million without food, jobs or homes. (2) overnight, scores of tent villages bloomed (3) the region, tended by international aid organizations, military (4) and aid groups working day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set (5) . Mercifully, the season was mild. But with the (6) of spring, the refugees will be moved again. Camps that (7) health care, food and shelter for 150000 survivors have begun to close as they were (8) intended to be permanent. For most of the refugees, the thought of going back brings (9) emotions. The past six months have been difficult. Families of (10) many as 10 people have had to shelter (11) a single tent and share cookstoves and bathing (12) with neighbors. "They are looking forward to the clean water of their rivers," officials say. "They are (13) of free fresh fruit. They want to get back to their herds and start (14) again. " But most will be returning to (15) but heaps of ruins. In many villages, electrical (16) have not been repaired, nor have roads. Aid workers (17) that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake took (18) .And for the thousands of survivors, the (19) will never be complete. Yet the survivors have to start somewhere. New homes can be built (20) the stones, bricks and beams of old ones. Spring is coming and it is a good time to start again.

单选题Professor Lee is well-known for his Uresearch/U in the behaviors of the cats.

单选题 Henric Ibsen, author of the play "A Doll's House", in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved. From January 1st, 2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003. But about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affects are still too male for the government's liking. They will shortly receive a letter informing them that they have until the end of February to act, or face the legal consequences—which could include being dissolved. Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female, according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity. The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America's 15% for the Fortune 500. Norway's stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen. "I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck, head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience," he says. Several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law. Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has been difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts" . One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies—they occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with enough experience. Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen, who was voted Norway's chairman of the year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."

单选题Speaker A: Ten dollars for this brand? Speaker B: ______. I got it in a second-hand store.

单选题 Gene therapy and gene-based drugs are two ways we could benefit from our growing mastery of genetic science. But there will be others as well. Here is one of the remarkable therapies on the cutting edge of genetic research that could make their way into mainstream medicine in the coming years. While it's true that just about every cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human, most of those instructions are inactivated, and with good reason: the last thing you want for your brain cells is to start churning out stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney. The only time cells truly have the potential to turn into any and all body parts is very early in a pregnancy, when so-called stem cells haven't begun to specialize. Yet this untapped potential could be a terrific boon to medicine. Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells--brain cells in Alzheimer's, cardiac cells in heart disease, pancreatic cells in diabetes, to name a few. If doctors could isolate stem cells, then direct their growth, they might be able to furnish patients with healthy replacement tissue. It was incredibly difficult, but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural, gut, muscle and bone cells. The process still can't be controlled, and may have unforeseen limitations. But if efforts to understand and master stem-cell development prove successful, doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power. The same applies to cloning, which is really just the other side of the coin; true cloning, as first shown with the sheep Dolly two years ago, involves taking a developed cell and reactivating the genome within, resetting its developmental instructions to a pristine state. Once that happens, the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full-fledged animal, genetically identical to its parent. For agriculture, in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real market value, biological carbon copies could become routine within a few years. This past year scientists have done for mice and cows what Ian Wilmot did for Dolly, and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie in the coming year. Human cloning, on the other hand, may be technically feasible but legally and emotionally more difficult. Still, one day it will happen. The ability to reset body cells to a pristine, undeveloped state could give doctors exactly the same advantages they would get from stem cells: the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts, and thus to cure disease. That could prove to be a true "miracle cure."

单选题{{B}}Passage Five{{/B}} In general, cognitive(认知的) psychologists who study memory, language, and thought see these human behaviors as information processing involving input, processing (coding and storage ), and retrievel (检索). Perhaps the best and most obvious way to describe the information processing view of thought is to compare the human being with a computer. Information is coded and fed into a computer in an organized way. When the computer is asked to produce a part of that information, the machine searches its memory and outputs the information on a screen or prints it out. For example, we might ask for the names of all people hired by a large multinational bank on July 12, 1984. This relatively simple task is equivalent to asking you to search your memory for the names of the first seven presidents of the United States. Then we might ask the computer to tell us who among the workers hired on July 12, 1984, was the most productive. This task is more complex because these data do not exist in the computer precisely in that form. The computer could not simply reproduce information from its memory; to produce the data requested, it would have to process the information it did have -- analyze and manipulate it in some way. If the computer had data on the number of items processed per day, the absences, and the number of quality complaints for each worker, it could collect that information, analyze it, and answer the question. The operation of human cognitive processes is basically similar to the way a computer functions but except for speed of calculation, our abilities far surpass those of the most sophisticated computer. One area of research, known as artificial intelligence, concentrates on developing computer programs that reproduce certain human cognitive functions. Although some of the programs work well in certain simplified situations, no program can yet cope with the complex input and output functions required of most human beings. In order to understand how we process information, we will look at three stages -- input, processing (coding and storage), and retrieval -- in more detail.

单选题James: Hey, Elleen, this handbag is a real bargain. It's only $ 24.95.Eileen: Only $ 24.95? ______

单选题Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. (1) the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are (2) Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. (3) 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards this is a good (4) . since the world-wide average is 33 percent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and (5) schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have (6) even greater utilization of used fibre. (7) , industry's use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years. Already, waste paper (8) 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology (9) to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled (10) in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also (11) . We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; (12) stationery may be less white and (13) a rougher texture. There also needs to be (14) from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper (15) to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous (16) . There are technical (17) to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for reuse. These include paper (18) books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common (19) of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material (20) goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.

单选题As a result of careless washing the jacket ______ to a child's size.

单选题　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Software Systems Specialist Work Schedule: Full Time Salary: $ 62,500- $ 92,000* Location: Washington, DC metropolitan area * Employees within the organization have opportunities for additional salary advancement to the Expert level. Software Systems Specialists are responsible for the planning, implementation and optimization of a wide variety of leading-edge systems software on Unix and Linux-based enterprise class servers used to meet critical intelligence needs. Team members are actively involved in the deployment of new Unix and Linux operating systems; introduction of new web,portal and JAVA application services, database administration and backup/recovery services, as well as the introduction of new systems. They also engage in server performance analysis and tuning,high capacity planning and assessments of new computing technologies to ensure 24×7×365 availability of these enterprise-class servers to customers across the Agency. Senior team members support to the most complex server systems and are a resource to other team members on technical issues. They work closely with software engineering and network peers providing leadership in the deployment of new systems and the introduction of new technology into the operational environment. Minimum qualifications include the following: a BS or MS in Computer Science, Computer Engineering,Computer Information Systems and/or a closely related degree. A GPA of atleast 3.0 on a 4.0 scale is also required.

单选题John Smith, being a diligent student, never refuses to______ more responsibilities that are assigned to him.