单选题______ widespread belief, cockroaches (蟑螂) would not take over the world if there were no one around to step on them. A. In view of B. Thanks to C. In case of D. Contrary to

单选题Speaker A: Look what Bruce gave me for my birthday--this beautiful scarf. Speaker B: ______. He must have spent quite a bit of money on it. I didn't know you and Bruce were such close friends.

单选题Outwardly you may be on friendly terms with the people next door, but, if the truth (1) known, you would not think much of them. Their ways may be (2) enough, but they are not your ways. It is not hatred, far (3) envy; neither is it contempt exactly. Only you do not understand why they live as they (4) . You judge people by their social background. They were not brought up as you were—not that they are to blame (5) that, but certain advantages that you had were (6) by them. Rude noises come from that house next door that you would not (7) from respectable people. Laughter late (8) night, when you want to sleep—how coarse door always (9) , and what a variety of songs! Why do they never try a new one? There (10) be new songs from time to time but you (11) hear them next door. Then there is that young woman who sings! What voices the people next door have. After a song is (12) it goes on next door. A popular song never dies: The people next door rescue it after it has been hounded off the street and warm it into (13) life. And so it goes. Everything they do shows just what sort of people they are. (14) at the things they hang out in their garden. If your things looked like that you would at (15) keep them indoors. It is not that they are so old, but they were chosen with (16) monstrously bad taste m the first place. (17) in the world do people want to (18) a house with things like that for? They must have (19) enough, too, and for that amount of money they could have bought—but what is the (20) of talking? There are distinctions that you never can make people feel.

单选题Cathleen: Let"s take a coffee break, shall we? Yolanda: ______, but I can"t.

单选题The safety factor is primary in all underwater operations.

单选题How can a mother help the baby to cry less?

单选题We have studied long and hard to ______ those objections.

单选题Man: May I see your driving license, please? Woman: ______

单选题The woman over there is none other than ______ mother. A. Julia and Mary B. Julia and Mary's C. Julia's and Mary's D. Julia's and Mary

单选题School secretary: Good morning. Can I help you? Student: Yes, I'd like to enroll for me course. School secretary:

单选题One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two "behavior segments" in some novel way, never actually performed before so as to reach a goal. Two followers of Clark Hull, Howard and Tracey Kendler, (1) a test for children that was explicitly based on Clark Hull's principles. The children were given the (2) of learning to operate a machine so as to get a toy. In order to succeed they had to go through a two-stage (3) . The children were trained on each stage (4) . The stages consisted merely of pressing the correct one of two buttons to get a marble; and of (5) the marble into a small hole to release the toy. The Kendlers found that the children could learn the separate bits readily enough. (6) the task of getting a marble by pressing the button they could get the marble; given the task of getting a toy when a marble was handed to them, they could use the marble. (All they had to do was put it in a hole.) (7) they did not for the most part "integrate", to use the Kendlers' terminology. They did not press the button to get the marble and then (8) without further help to use the marble to get the toy. So the Kendlers concluded that they were incapable of deductive (9) . The mystery at first appears to deepen when we learn, from (10) psychologist, Michael Cole, and his colleagues, that adults in an African culture apparently cannot do the Kendlers' task either. But it lessens, (11) , when we learn that a task was devised which was (12) to the Kendlers' one but much easier for the African males to handle. (13) the button-pressing machine, Cole used a locked box and two (14) colored match-boxes, one of which contained a key that would open the box. Notice that there are still two (15) segments—"open the right matchbox to get the key" and "use the key to open the box"—so the task seems formally to be (16) . But psychologically it is quite different. Now the subject is dealing not with a strange machine but with familiar meaningful objects; and it is clear to him what he is meant to do. It then (17) that the difficulty of integration is greatly reduced. Recent work by Simon Hewson is of great interest here for it shows that, for young children, (18) , the difficulty lies not in the (19) processes which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and the procedure. When these are changed in ways which do not at all affect the inferential nature of the problem, then five-year-old children solve the problem (20) college students did in the Kendlers' own experiments.

单选题While still catching up to men in some fields of modern life, women appear to be far ahead in at least one undesirable aspect. " Women are particularly liable to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men. " according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York's Veteran's Administration Hospital. Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormone(荷尔蒙) somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males. Adding to a woman's increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased "opportunities" for stress. "It's not necessarily that women don't cope as well. It's just that they have so much more to cope with. " says Dr. Yehuda. "Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men's," she observes, "it's just that they're dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner. " Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. " I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating. " Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. "I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better. " Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. "It's the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck. " Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few. breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez's experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.

单选题From the passage, it can be seen that the author______.

单选题LOGO is unique because ______.

单选题Based on what you read, the ad is intended for

单选题Trying to get Americans to eat a healthy diet is a frustrating business. Even the best- designed public-health campaigns cannot seem to compete with the tempting flavors of the snack-food and fast-food industries and their fat-and sugar-laden products. The results are apparent on a walk down any American street--more than 60% of Americans are overweight, and a full quarter of them are overweight to the point of obesity. Now, health advocates say, an ill-conceived redesign has taken one of the more successful public-health campaigns--the Food Guide Pyramid--and rendered it confusing to the point of uselessness. Some of these critics worry that America' s Department of Agriculture caved in to pressure from parts of the food industry anxious to protect their products. The Food Guide Pyramid was a graphic which emphasizes that a healthy diet is built on a base of grains, vegetables and fruits, followed by ever-decreasing amounts of dairy products, meat, sweets and oils. The agriculture department launched the pyramid in 1992 to replace its previous program, which was centered on the idea of four basic food groups. The" Basic Four" campaign showed a plate divided into quarters, and seemed to imply that meat and dairy products should make up half of a healthy diet, with grains ,fruits and vegetables making up the other half. It was replaced only over the strenuous objections of the meat and dairy industries. The old pyramid was undoubtedly imperfect. It failed to distinguish between a doughnut and a whole-grain roll, or a hamburger and a skinless chicken breast, and it did not make clear exactly how much of each foodstuff to eat. It did, however, manage to convey the basic idea of proper proportions in an easily understandable way. The new pyramid, called" My Pyramid", abandons the effort to provide this information. Instead, it has been simplified to a mere logo. The food groups are replaced with unlabelled, multi-colored vertical stripes which, in some versions, rise out of a cartoon jumble of foods that look like the aftermath of a riot at a grocery store. Anyone who wants to see how this translates into a healthy diet is invited to go to a website, put in their age, sex and activity level, and get a custom-designed pyramid, complete with healthy food choices and suggested portion sizes. This is fine for those who are motivated, but might prove too much effort for those who most need such information. Admittedly, the designers of the new pyramid had a tough job to do. They were supposed to condense the advice in the 84-page United States' Dietary Guidelines into a simple, meaningful graphic suitable for printing on the back of a cereal box. And they had to do this in the face of pressure from dozens of special interest groups--from the country' s Potato Board, which thought potatoes would look nice in the picture, to the Mmond Board of California, which felt the same way about almonds. Even the National Watermelon Promotion Board and the California Avocado Commission were eager to see their products recognized. Nevertheless ,many health advocates believe the new graphic is a missed opportunity. Mthough officials insist industry pressure had nothing to do with the eventual design, some critics suspect that political influence was at work. On the other hand, it is not clear how much good even the best graphic could do. Surveys found that 80% of Americans recognized the old Food Guide Pyramid--a big success in the world of public-health campaigns. Yet only 16% followed its advice.

单选题______ no gravity, there would be no air around the earth, hence no life. A. If there had been B. If there was C. Had there been D. were there

单选题{{B}}Text 2{{/B}} Tens of thousands of 18-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed meaningless diplomas. These diplomas won't look any different from those awarded their luckier classmates. Their validity will be questioned only when their employers discover that these graduates are semiliterate(半文盲). Eventually a fortunate few will find their way into educational-repair shops—adult-literacy programs, such as the one where I teach basic grammar and writing. There, high-school graduates and high-school dropouts pursuing graduate-equivalency certificates will learn the skills they should have learned in school. They will also discover they have been cheated by our educational system. I will never forget a teacher who got the attention of one of my children by revealing the trump card of failure. Our youngest, a world-class charmer, did little to develop his intellectual talents but always got by. Until Mrs. Stifter. Our son was a high-school senior when he had her for English. "He sits in the back of the room talking to his friends," she told me. "Why don't you move him to the front row?" I urged, believing the embarrassment would get him to settle down. Mrs. Stifter said, "I don't move seniors. I flunk(使…不及格) them." Our son's academic life flashed before my eyes. No teacher had ever threatened him. By the time I got home I was feeling pretty good about this. It was a radical approach for these times, but, well, why not? "She's going to flunk you," I told my son. I did not discuss it any further. Suddenly English became a priority(头等要事) in his life. He finished out the semester with an A. I know one example doesn't make a case, but at night I see a parade of students who are angry for having been passed along until they could no longer even pretend to keep up. Of average intelligence or better, they eventually quit school, concluding they were too dumb to finish. "I should have been held back," is a comment I hear frequently. Even sadder are those students who are high-school graduates who say to me after a few weeks of class, "I don't know how I ever got a high-school diploma." Passing students who have not mastered the work cheats them and the employers who expect graduates to have basic skills. We excuse this dishonest behavior by saying kids can't learn if they come from terrible environments. No one seems to stop to think that most kids don't put school first on their list unless they perceive something is at risk. They'd rather be sailing. Many students I see at night have decided to make education a priority. They are motivated by the desire for a better job or the need to hang on to the one they've got. They have a healthy fear of failure. People of all ages can rise above their problems, but they need to have a reason to do so. Young people generally don't have the maturity to value education in the same way my adult students value it. But fear of failure can motivate both.

单选题Built ______ natural materials, the houses are believed to be warm, comfortable and friendly places to live.

单选题It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you ______ it. A. mustn't B. wouldn't have done C. mightn't have done D. didn't have to do