单选题Modern statesmen are often faced with the same problems ______ defeated the ancient Romans. A．as B．which C．what D．such

单选题 We use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be understood in different ways. It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language. So does laughter or crying. There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show the same feelings. Dogs, tigers and humans, for example, often show their teeth when they axe angry. This is probably because they are born with those behavior patterns. Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world. In Chinese and in English literature, a phrase like "he went pale and begin to tremble" suggests that the man is either very afraid or he has just got a very big shock. However, "he opened his eyes wide" is used to suggest anger in Chinese whereas in English it means surprise. In Chinese surprise can be described in a phrase like "they stretched out their tongues!" .Sticking out your tongue in English is an insulting gesture or expresses strong dislike. Even in the same culture, people differ in ability to understand and express feelings. Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men at recognizing fear, anger, love and happiness on people's faces. Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize or understand body language than younger people do.

单选题 Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputedrefereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to studythe performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams.Each mateh lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 mimates during which different refer-ees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees'errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Con-verted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkablyhigh number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, hefound that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officialsgot it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in thecase of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were mov-ing at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, football' s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing atthe next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance,rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFA' s insistence that referees should retire at age 35 may be misguided. Ifkeeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.

单选题During the summer session there will be a revised schedule of services for the university community. Specific changes for intercampus bus services, summer hours for the cafeteria, the infirmary (校医院) and recreational and athletic facilities will be posted on the bulletin board outside of the cafeteria. Weekly movie and concert schedules which are in the process of being arranged will be posted each Wednesday outside of the cafeteria. Intercampus buses will leave the main hall every hour on the half hour and make all of the regular stops on their route around campus. The cafeteria will serve breakfast, lunch, and early dinner from 7 a. m. to 7 p. m. during the week and from noon to 7 p.m. on weekends. The library will maintain regular hours during the week, but shorter hours on Saturdays and Sundays. The weekend hours are from noon to 7 p. m. All students who want to use the library borrowing services and recreational athletic, and entertainment facilities must have a valid summer identification card. This announcement will also appear in the next issue of the student newspaper.

单选题 Passage 8 In the modern world, it is important to be well-informed. Success in many fields {{U}}(1) {{/U}} on getting the latest information. There are many means of obtaining information which enable us to {{U}}(2) {{/U}} what is going on in the world. And we are so accustomed to reading almost every week newspaper reports about new discoveries being made by man that we tend to {{U}}(3) {{/U}} the progress and benefit of scientific research for granted. We {{U}}(4) {{/U}} that science must continue to achieve its many miracles which become merely commonplace as soon as they are replaced by greater ones. Astronauts have made journeys through space, a {{U}}(5) {{/U}} that once upon a time would have been considered as unbelievable. Yet there are few people today who feel anything but a mild interest in the discoveries that are being made by scientists. Industrialists and engineers are busy taking {{U}}(6) {{/U}} of the mineral deposits available, regardless of the fact that this ruthless exploitation is harmful. Nature is {{U}}(7) {{/U}} their descendants altogether of these resources {{U}}(8) {{/U}} we so carelessly squander on providing ourselves with the luxuries and not merely the necessities of life. We {{U}}(9) {{/U}} to realize that we are {{U}}(10) {{/U}} for the generations after ourselves, and even those who are aware of this rarely take these responsibilities seriously enough.

单选题Speaker A:We're having a few people over for dinner Saturday._______ Speaker B: Oh. Thank you. That would be great.

单选题Student: ______. Librarian: Sure, it's open from 9

单选题The managing director took the ______ for the accident, although it was not really his fault. A. guilt B. blame C. charge D. accusation

单选题Shop assistant: Good morning. Can I help you? Customer : ______I'm just looking round. A. No, you can't. B. Not at the moment, thanks. C. Yes, please. D. Yes, thank you.

单选题Becoming aware of our mother's age, not just in numbers of years but ______ her psychological and physical state, often helps us to understand her better. A. in spite of B. on account of C. in terms of D. by means of

单选题Text 1 Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriages. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy rebounds, the number of marriages also rises. Coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife's work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. By raising a family's standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family's financial and emotional stability. Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union. Also, a major part of women's inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the Capacity to exercise power within the family. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.

单选题 As the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving unsteadily through the air, and {{U}}(31) {{/U}} the passengers had fastened their seat belts, they were suddenly thrown forward. At that moment, the air-hostess {{U}}(32) {{/U}}. Shelooked very pale, but was quite {{U}}(33) {{/U}}. Speaking quickly but almost in a whisper, she {{U}}(34) {{/U}} everyone that the pilot had fainted and asked if any of the passengers knew anything about machines or at least how to drive a car. After a moment's {{U}}(35) {{/U}}, a man got up and followed the hostess into the pilot's cabin. Moving the pilot aside, the man took his seat and listened carefully to the urgent instructions that were being sent by radio from the airport below. The plane was now dangerously close {{U}}(36) {{/U}} the ground, but to everyone's relief, it soon began to climb. The man had to {{U}}(37) {{/U}} the airport several limes in order to become {{U}}(38) {{/U}} with the controls. Therefore the danger had not yet passed. The terrible {{U}}(39) {{/U}} came when he had to land. Following information, the man guided the plane toward the airfield. It shook violently{{U}} (40) {{/U}} it touched the ground and then moved rapidly along the runway and after a long run it stopped safely.

单选题If you do not follow my suggestion, you will make yourself ______ to dangers.

单选题All types of stress study, whether under laboratory or real-life situations, study mechanisms for increasing the arousal level of the brain. The brain blood flow studies show that reciting the days of the week and months of the year increases blood flow in appropriate areas, whereas problem solving which demands intense concentration of a reasoning type produces much larger changes in the distribution of blood in the brain. Between these basic studies of brain function and real life situations there is still a considerable gap, but reasonable deduction seems possible to try and understand what happens to the brain. Life consists of a series of events which may be related to work or to our so-called leisure time. Work may be relatively automatic—as with typing, for instance, it requires intense concentration and repetition during the learning phase to establish a pattern in the brain. Then the typist's fingers automatically move to hit the appropriate keys as she reads the words on the copy. However, when she gets tired she makes mistakes much more frequently. To overcome this she has to raise her level of arousal and concentration but beyond a certain point the automatic is lost and thinking about hitting the keys leads to more mistakes. Other jobs involve intense concentration such as holding bottles of wine up to a strong light and turning them upside down to look for particles of dirt falling down. This sounds quite easy but experience teaches that workers can do this for only about thirty minutes before they start making a mistake. This is partly because the number of occasions with dirt in the bottle is low and the arousal level, therefore, fails. Scientists have shown that devices to raise arousal level will increase the accuracy of looking for relatively rare events. A recent study of the effect of loss of sleep in young doctors showed that in tests involving a challenge to their medical judgment when short of sleep they raised their arousal level and became better at tests of grammatical reasoning as well.

单选题--You must always obey your parents. --Oh, I must, ______? A. mustn't I B. must I C. shouldn't I D. should I

单选题It is imperative that students ______ their term papers on time. A. have to hand in B. handed in C. hand in D. would hand in

单选题Television has opened windows in everybody's life. Young men will never again go to war as they did in 1914. Millions of people now have seen the effects of a battle. And the result has been a general dislike of war, and perhaps more interest in helping those who suffer from all the terrible things that have been shown on the screen. Television has also changed politics. The most distant areas can now follow state affairs, see and hear the politicians before an election. Better informed, people are more likely to vote, and so to make their opinion count. Unfortunately, television's influence has been extremely harmful to the young. Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world; that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless. They believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable. All educators agree that the "television generations" are more violent than their parents and grandparents. Also, the young are less patient. Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and interesting, they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures; to read a book that requires thinking; to listen to a teacher who doesn't do funny things like the people on children's programs. And they expect all problems to be solved happily in ten, fifteen, or thirty minutes. That's the time it takes on the screen.

单选题Passage Three How can a company improve its sales? One of the keys to more effective selling is for a company to first decide on its "sales strategy". In other words, what is the role of the sales person? Is the salesperson's job narrative, suggestive, or consultative? The "narrative" sales strategy depends on the salesperson moving quickly into a standard sales presentation. His or her pitch highlights the benefits for the customer of a particular product or service. This approach is most effective for customers whose buying motives are basically the same and is also well suited to companies who have a large number of prospects (可能的主顾) on which to call. The "suggestive" approach is tailored more for the individual customer. The salesperson must be in a position to offer alternative recommendations that meet a particular customer's needs. One key aspect of the suggestive approach is the need for the salesperson to engage the buyer in some sort of discussion. The salesperson can then use the information gleaned from the customer to suggest an appropriate product or service. "We tell our salespeople to be like wine stewards," says Mindy Sahlawannee, a corporate sales trainer. "The wine steward first checks to see what food the custoiner has ordered and then opens by suggesting the wine that best complements the dish. Most companies who use a narrative strategy should be using a suggestive strategy. Just like you can't drink red wine with every dish, you can't have one sales recommendation to suit all customers." The final strategy demands that a company's sales staff act as "consultants" for the buyer. In this role, the salesperson must acquire a great deal of information about the customer. They do this through market research, surveys, and face-to-face discussions. Using this information, the salesperson makes a detailed presentation tailored specifically to a customer's needs. "Good sales 'consultants'," says Alan Goldfarb, president of Ad Pro, Inc., "are the people who use a wide range of skills including probing, listening, analysis, and persuasiveness. The best sales 'consultants', however, are the ones who can 'think outside the box and use their creativity to present a product and close the sale. The other skills you can teach. Creativity is innate. It's something we look for in every employee we hire." More and more sales teams are switching from a narrative or suggestive approach to a more consultative strategy. As a result, corporations are looking more at intangibles such as creativity and analytical skills and less at educational background and technical skills. "The next century will be about meeting individual customer needs," says Goldfarb. "The days when one size fits all are over./