单选题(In England) (as early as) the (twelfth century), young boys enjoyed (to play) football.A. In EnglandB. as early asC. twelfth centuryD. to play

单选题A: Are you ready for the test tomorrow? B: ______ A: Come on. I am sure you will do well.

单选题The destruction of the twin towers ______ shock and anger throughout the world. A. summoned B. tempted C. provoked D. stumbled

单选题If you do something on your own ______, you plan it and decide to do it yourself without anyone telling you what to do.

单选题Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ______ for her examination. A. to prepare B. to be prepared C. preparing D. being prepared

单选题Client: Hello. May I speak to Mr. Turner? Secretary: ______

单选题Before a big exam, a sound night's sleep will do you more good than poring over textbooks. That, at least, is the folk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral psychology, supports that wisdom. But such behavioral studies cannot distinguish between two competing theories of why sleep is good for the memory. One says that sleep is when permanent memories form. The other says that they are actually formed during the day, but then "edited" at night, to flush away what is superfluous. To tell the difference, it is necessary to look into the brain of a sleeping person, and that is hard. But after a decade of painstaking work, a team led by Pierre Maquet at Liege University in Belgium has managed to do it. The particular stage of sleep in which the Belgian group is interested in is rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, when brain and body are active, heart rate and blood pressure increase, the eyes move back and forth behind the eyelids as if watching a movie, and brainwave traces resemble those of wakefulness. It is during this period of sleep that people are most likely to relive events of the previous day in dreams. Dr. Maquet used an electronic device called PET to study the brains of people as they practiced a task during the day, and as they slept during the following night. The task required them to press a button as fast as possible, in response to a light coming on in one of six positions. As they learnt how to do this, their response times got faster. What they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a pattern — what is referred to as "artificial grammar". Yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the pattern was present than when there was not. What is more, those with more to learn (i.e., the "grammar", as well as the mechanical task of pushing the button) have more active brains. The "editing" theory would not predict that, since the number of irrelevant stimuli would be the same in each case. And to eliminate any doubts that the experimental subjects were learning as opposed to unlearning, their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to sleep. The team, therefore, concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during REM sleep, particularly if the brain detects an inherent structure in the material being learnt. So now, on the eve of that crucial test, maths students can sleep soundly in the knowledge that what they will remember the next day are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door.

单选题No freshman and no graduate student ______ to sit in on the forum. A. are allowed B. is allowed C. are approved D. is approved

单选题Change, or the ability to (31) oneself to a changing environment is essential (32) evolution. The farmer whose land is required for housing or industry must adapt himself: he can transfer to another place and master the problems (33) to it; he can change his occupation, perhaps (34) a period of training; or he can starve to death. A nation which can't adapt its trade or defense requirements to (35) world conditions faces an economic and military disaster. Nothing is fixed and permanently stable. (36) must be movement forward, which is progress of a sort, and movement backward, which is decay and deterioration. In a changing world, traction can be a force for good or for evil. (37) long as it offers a guide, it helps the ignorant and the uninformed to take a step (38) and, thereby adapt themselves to (39) circumstances. But if we make an idol of tradition, it ceases to be a guide. It becomes an obstacle (40) on the path of course. Man is to accept the help which tradition can give but to be well aware of its limitations in a changing world.

单选题During the process, great care has to be taken to protect the ______ silk from damage.

单选题Only man has the capacity of speech, which ______ him from all other living things.

单选题{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}} One thing almost everyone is agreed on, including Americans, is that they place a very high valuation up on success. Success does not necessarily mean material rewards, but recognition of some sort-preferably measurable. If a boy turn out to be a preacher(传真者) instead of a businessman, that's all right. But the bigger his church is, the more successful he is judged to be. A good many things contributed to this accent on success. There was the Puritan(清教徒) belief in the virtue of work, both for its own sake and because the rewards it brought were regarded as signs of God's love. There was the richness of opportunity in a land waiting to be settleD. There was the lack of a settled society with fixed ranks and classes, so that a man was certain to rise through achievement. Here was the de- termination of an immigrant to gain in the new world what bad been denied to him in the old, and on the part of his children an urge to throw off the immigrant(负担) by still more success and still more rise in a fluid and classless society. Brothers did not compete within the family for the favor of the parents as in Europe, but worked hard for success in the outer world, along paths of their own choosing.

单选题 The classic difficulty felt with democracy arises from the fact that democracy can never express the will of the whole people because there never exists any such unchanging will (at least in any society that call itself democratic). The concept of government of the whole people by the whole people must be looked on as being in the poetry rather than in the prose of democracy; the fact of prose is that real democracy means government by some kind of dominant majority. And the ever-present danger, repeatedly realized in fact, is that this dominant majority may behave toward those who are not of the majority in such a manner as to undermine the moral basis of the right of people, because they are people, to have some important say in the setting of their own course and in the use of their own faculties. Other forms of government may similarly fail to respect human independence. But there is at least no contradiction in that; the underlying assumption of every kind of government by wisers and betters is that people on the whole are not fit to manage their own affairs, but must have someone else do it for them, and there is no paradox when such a government treats its subjects without respect, or deals With them on the basis of their having no rights that the government must take into account. But democracy affirms that people are fit to control themselves, and it cannot live in the same air with the theory that there is no limit to the extent to which public power--even the power of a majority--can interfere with the lives of people. Rational limitation on power is therefore not a contradiction to democracy, but is of the very essence of democracy as such. Other sorts of government may impose such limitations on themselves as an act of grace. Democracy is under the moral duty of limiting itself because such limitation is essential to the survival of that respect for humankind which is in the foundations of democracy. Respect for the freedom of all people cannot, of course, be the only guide, for there would then be no government. Delicate ongoing compromise is what must be looked for. But democracy, unless it is to deny its own moral basis, must accept the necessity for making this compromise and for giving real weight to the claims of those without the presently effective political power to make their claims prevail in elections.

单选题A large unidentified object was spotted floating in the sea near our ship.

单选题The ocean bottom a region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted. Until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible, bidden beneath waters averaging over 3 600 meters deep. Totally without light and Subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth's surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space. Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks and sediments for over a century, the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1968, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation's Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP). Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP's drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean's surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rocks from the ocean floor. The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program that ended in November 1983. During this time, the vessel logged 600 000 kilometers and took almost 20 000 core samples of seabed sediments and rocks at 624 drilling sites around' the world. The Glomar Challenger's core samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundred of millions of years ago and to calculate what it will probably look like millions of years in the future. Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger's voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth. The cores of sediment drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also yielded information critical to understanding the world's past climates. Deep-ocean sediments provide a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years, because they are largely isolated from the mechanical erosion and the intense chemical and biological activity that rapidly destroy much land-based evidence of past climates. This record has already provided insights into the patterns and causes of past climatic change information that may be used to predict future climates.

单选题 {{B}}Service Ad.{{/B}} Professional Typing Service announces a new location in Westside Mall, 1400 University Avenue across from State University Student Union. We specialize in term papers, theses, and dissertations typed to the specifications of the Graduate School of State University. Twenty-four-hour service for fifty pages or less. Forty-eight-hour service for more than fifty pages. Rates: ＄1,per page on regular paper ＄1.25 per page on cotton bond paper ＄0.25 extra for each carbon copy or a graph Hours: 8:00 a.m. 10:00 p.m. Monday--Friday 8:00 a.m. 4:00 p. m. Saturday Closed all day Sunday Call: 717-5415

单选题 {{B}}Service Ad{{/B}} Professional Typing Service announces a new location in Westside Mall, 1400 University Avenue across from State University Student Union. We specialize in term papers, theses, and dissertations typed to the specifications of the Graduate School of State University. Twenty-four-hour service for fifty pages or less. Forty-eight-hour service for more than fifty pages. Rates: $1 per page on regular paper $1.25 per page on cotton bond paper $ 0.25 extra for each carbon copy or a graph Hours: 8:00 a. m.—10: 00 p.m. Monday—Friday 8:00 a. m.—4:00 p.m. Saturday Closed all day Sunday Call: 717-5415

单选题Astronaut Jim Voss has enjoyed many memorable moments in his career, including three space flights and one space walk. But he recalls with special fondness a decidedly earthbound(只在地球上的) experience in the summer of 1980 when he participated in the NASA-ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. Voss, then a science teacher at West Point was assigned to the Marshall Space Flight Center's propulsion(推进) lab in Alabama to analyze why a hydraulic fuel pump seal on the space shuttle was working so well when previous seals had failed. It was a seemingly tiny problem among the vast complexities of running the space program` Yet it was important to NASA because any crack in the seal could have led to destructive results for the astronauts who relied on them. "I worked abit with NASA engineers, "says Voss, "but I did it mostly by analysis. I used a handheld calculator, not a computer, to do a thermodynamic(热力学的) analysis. "At the end of the summer, he, like the other NASA-ASEE fellows working at Marshall summarized his findings in a formal presentation and detailed paper. It was a valuable moment for Voss because the ASEE program gave him added understanding of NASA, deepened his desire to fly in space, and intensified his application for astronaut status. It was not an easy process. Voss was actually passed over when he first applied for the astronaut program in 1987. Since then he has participated in three space mission. The 50-year-old Army officer, who lives in Houston, is now in training for a four-month mission as a crew member on the International Space Station starting in July 2000. Voss says the ASEE program is wonderful for all involved. "It brings in people from the academic world and gives NASA a special property for a particular period of time. It brings some fresh eyes and fresh ideas to NASA, and establishes a link with colleges and universities," Voss explains." There is an exchange of information and an exchange of perspectives that is very important." For the academic side, Voss says, the ASEE program also "brings institutions of higher learning more insight into new technology. We give them an opportunity to work on real-world problems and take it back to the classroom./

单选题Many students suggested ______ a boat trip on the Huangpu River. A. to organize B. organize C. organized D. organizing

单选题 In the fall 2006, the National Basketball Association (NBA) started using basketballs made with synthetic, or manmade material instead of leather. They made the switch because they wanted every basketball they use to feel and bounce the same. However, some players complained right away that the new balls bounced differently and were actually harder to control than leather ones. Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban asked for help the Department of Physics at the University of Texas. The scientists investigated friction that affects the ability of a player to hold onto a ball. "The greater the friction, the better it will stick to his hand," explains Horwitz, one of the physicists who worked on the project. Tests on both wet and dry balls showed that while the plastic ball was easier to grip when dry, it had less friction and became much harder to hold onto when wet. That's because sweating stays on the surface of the synthetic balls but gets absorbed into the leather balls--an important detail for sweaty athletes. In January, the NBA went back to use the traditional leather balls. They aren't perfect, but for now, that's just the way the ball bounces.