A survey was carried out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region, ______ were surprising.

As our van pulled up to the ranch (牧场) to start a three-month program for troubled boys, we passed a cowboy on his horse. Bill was the owner of the ranch. We made eye contact through the dusty window and he winked (挤眼睛) at me and touched the brim of his cowboy hat in welcome. All summer long Bill and his ranch-hands taught us to ride horses, chop wood, and round up cattle. We started to understand the value of working with our hands. Knowing how important it was for boys like me to know that someone believed in them, he trusted us to do the job and do it right. We never let him down. The last day at the ranch, Bill pulled me aside and praised me for the work I had done-not only on the ranch, but also on myself. He told me if I ever needed anything I could count on him. Four years later, I took him up on that offer. I called him up and asked for a job. I told him how his confidence in me had given me the courage to change my life. He offered me a job on the spot. I’m proud to say that each summer I’m the one in the ranch to open the gate for a van full of young men who need someone to believe in them, so they can learn to believe in themselves.

Professor First of all, allow me to introduce Professor John Brown from Cambridge. Student:______

The Xinhua bookstore chain, China"s largest official publishing enterprise, has become a surprising flash point for interest among foreign venture capital investors. "We are actively promoting the process of shareholding reform. Every day, we receive lots of offers from domestic and foreign investors interested in getting involved and may pick one or two to do so in the next two to three months," Zhang Yashan, the leading cadre of the head store"s office said. According to a company insider who requested anonymity, several securities firms are overseeing Xinhua bookstore"s reform and the company could list on the domestic stock market once reforms are reported to the government in May and then completed. The source would not reveal the specific names of the firms involved or details of the reform. "We will stipulate that we must remain the majority shareholder, but we will welcome all kinds of investment, including foreign capital, to establish a shareholding enterprise. We hope the No. 2 shareholder will be a foreign enterprise," the source said. In keeping with its World Trade Organization entry promises, China must allow foreign investment in domestic publication retailers by the end of this year.

Priscilla Ouchida"s "energy-efficient" house turned out to be a horrible dream. When she and her engineer husband married a few years ago, they built a $100,000, three-bedroom home in California. Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks, the house was equipped with small double-paned(双层玻璃的) windows and several other energy-saving features. Problems began as soon as the couple moved in, however. Priscilla"s eyes were burned. Her throat was constantly dry. She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep. It was as though she had suddenly developed a strange illness. Experts finally traced the cause of her illness. The level of formaldehyde(甲醛) gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers. The source of the gas? Her new kitchen cabinets and wall-to-wall carpeting. The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution, which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nation"s drive to save energy. The problem itself isn"t new. "The indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along", says Moschandreas, a pollution scientist at Geomet Technologies in Maryland. "Energy conservation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases". The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones. Back in the days when energy was cheap, home builders didn"t worry much about unsealed cracks. Because of such leaks, the air in an average home was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour. As a result, the pollutants generated in most households seldom built up to dangerous levels.

In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called "classical conditioning." This occurs when one event or stimulus is continuously followed by a reward or punishment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associate his mother"s face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion. The second kind of learning is called "operant( 动作的 )conditioning." This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother more.

A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin-deep. One"s physical assets and liabilities don"t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best. Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not-so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted. Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties(虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group-college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual"s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted. Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good. In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making its easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.

Today"s popular clothing chains ______ teenagers, who can be counted upon to change their tastes every 30 days.

Any student who______his homework is unlikely to pass the examination.

Tony Huesman, a heart transplant recipient(接受者)who lived a record 31 years with a single donated organ has died at age 51 of leukemia(白血病), but his heart still going strong. " He had leukemia, " his widow Carol Huesman said. " His heart—believe it or not— held out . His heart never gave up until the end, when it had to. " Huesman got a heart transplant in 1978 at Stanford University. This was just 11 years after the world"s first heart transplant was performed in South Africa. At his death, Huesman was listed as the world"s longest survivor of a single transplanted heart both by Stanford and Richmond, Virginia-based United Network for Organ Sharing. "I"m a living proof of a person who can go through a life-threatening illness, have the operation and return to a productive life, " Huesman told the Dayton Daily News in 2006. Huesman worked as marketing director at a sporting-goods store. He was found to have serious heart disease while in high school. His heart, attacked by a pneumonia(肺炎)virus, was almost four times its normal size from trying to pump blood with weakened muscles. Huesman"s sister, Linda Huesman Lamb, also was stricken with the same problem and received a heart transplant in 1983. The two were the nation"s first brother and sister heart tansplant recipients. She died in 1991 at age 29. Huesman founded the Huesman Heart Foundation in Dayton, which seeks to reduce heart disease by reducing children and offers a nursing scholarship in honor of his sister.

After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: the damage and death toll could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25, 000 victims. Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city"s highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city"s buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes. Despite the good news, civil engineers are not resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings. The structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake"s vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.

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Clerk: Good morning. Can I help you? Miss Chang: Yes, I"d like a one-way ticket to Manchester 8:15 tomorrow evening. Clerk: Fifteen pounds, please. Miss Chang: ______.

A cup of tea is almost a symbol of British culture. As a nation, we are well-known for our strong liking for this particular hot drink, especially if it is accompanied by some cake or biscuits. Here are some facts about tea drinking habits in the UK: 1)There is no real tea time All around the world, everyone thinks that British people drink tea every day at 5 o"clock in the afternoon. In reality, we drink tea at every hour of the day, from the minute we get up to the last thing before going to bed. Of course it"s quite likely that a British person will drink tea around the middle of the afternoon, but it"s also common to drink it with breakfast. 2)The perfect partner; scones Scones are a simple kind of cake, slightly sweet and usually served with jam and cream. They are excellent with tea. In fact, if you order a "cream tea" in the UK, you"ll get a teapot accompanied by a plateful of these little treats. Delicious! 3)Milk in tea British people nearly always put milk in their tea. This seems strange to people from other European countries, who would rather drink their tea without adding anything to it. In Britain, people add a certain quantity of milk depending on taste and the tea ends up being opaque(不透明)and brown instead of clear. People are always shocked when I say that I prefer coffee to tea. Tea really is part of our cultural identity, whether we like it or not!

I have an infatuation(迷恋) with autumn. The colors of the season, and the smells, have always thrilled me. I have always found joy in this time of year. The last few autumns of my life, however, I recollect in shades of gray rather than cheerful oranges and yellows. When I became a single mother, every aspect of life took on new meaning. Since I was used to carrying out most of the parental duties without much help during my marriage, I truly did not foresee how different parenting would become after the marriage was over. But suddenly I realized I was a statistic. The daily routine was not changed so much; it was the angle at which I had begun to look at life. I believed my ex-husband"s lawyer was tracking every grade the children made, and I was under a microscope in this new town where the children and I moved our "broken home". I feared having to eventually establish my family with each new teacher and each new term as a single-parent family. I just wanted to be us again, without the stigma(特征) of the label that put on us. During those few gray years, I would reassure myself that soon things would be better, and that I would someday be able to feel whole again. There is no mathematical equation of adults proportioned to children to equal a stable, loving family. Every family has its strengths. In fact, studies show that in families who read together, eat together and communicate openly, children are likely to succeed academically, as well as socially and emotionally. I am sure these habits are just as effective when practiced in single-parent families. I realize now that I am not a statistic. We are an active, vital family in this charming community, where we are not marked by any stigma of any statistics of any focus groups. We are given opportunity, all of us. We are surrounded by beauty and immersed in possibility. There is joy to be found here, in what we see around us and in creating our own rendition of how we want to be seen. There is strength and grace in our own willingness to break free from conformity without falling behind the barriers of self-imposed limitations or preconceived notions of where we should fit in this world according to research.

No one had told Smith about ______ a lecture the following day.

Communication is the sending of information or news from one person to another. If human beings could not communicate with one another, each person would have to learn everything for himself. Although animals as well as men can communicate, so far as we know, they can express only the simple emotions like pain, joy, fear, hunger, anger and love. Some animals have a more advanced form of language using sounds, and others use a wide range of sounds and face movements, but we still have much to learn about these animal languages. Speech is the most important means of communication between people. But it is not the only one. Nor is it the oldest. We use facial expressions, gestures and hand movements to express our feelings and to send signals to other people. Animals use this "body language" a great deal. The sign language used by deaf people is an example of communication without speech, while blind people communicate largely through touch and hearing.

Experts predict that China"s healthcare market will have an annual growth of 6 to 8 per cent in the next few years, making it one of the potentially most prosperous. In Shanghai, annual medical expenditure is estimated to be 16 billion yuan (U.S. 93 billion). With an increasingly【B1】population, the growing consumption power and longer life【B2】of local residents, the medical market has great opportunities. However, limited medical resources cannot meet people"s needs【B3】financial deficits in State-owned hospitals.【B4】, there is room for a range of different medical organizations. As is the case with many State-owned enterprises, public hospitals in the past half century have learned a lot of bad habits:【B5】management, over-staffing and bureaucratic operating procedures. Being a member of World Trade Organization (WTO), China has to【B6】its promise to open the health industry to foreign capital in coming years. By then, public hospitals will be facing fierce competition from Western giants they have never prepared for. So it"s quite urgent【B7】them to learn how to operate as an enterprise and how to survive in the competitive market economy of the future. As a【B8】, the healthcare sector was first opened to domestic private investors. Since the first private hospital opened in 1999, private investors from Shenzhen, Sichuan and Zhejiang provinces have been scrambling to enter Shanghai.【B9】show that about 20 private hospitals have been set up in the city, although this number,【B10】with more than 500 public hospitals, is still quite low.

In a global survey released in 2012, half the responders admitted to buying things they really did not need. Two thirds are worried that consumers are buying too much. Such concerns may be justified. Many consumers have become trapped in debt. Researchers say that instead of making us more satisfied, high levels of consumption may lead to greater stress and unhappiness! As consumers, we are subjected to a great amount of marketing. What is the goal of marketers? To turn wants into needs. Marketers know that consumer behavior is driven largely by emotion. So advertisements and the shopping experience itself are designed for maximum emotional appeal. When you ask a consumer: Why do you buy so much? He or she may answer; I want to improve my quality of life. It is natural that people want a better life. Advertisers bombard us with messages that all of our desires—better health, security, relief from stress, and closer relationships—can be achieved by making the right purchases. But actually, as our number of possessions increases, our quality of life can actually decrease. Additional time and money are needed to care for more material things. Stress levels rise because of pressure from debt, and there is less time for family and friends. So you should protect yourself from becoming a victim of clever marketers. You should put emotion aside, and compare marketing promises with reality.

Patient: Excuse me, miss. I made an appointment to see Dr. Smith at 4 o"clock this afternoon. My name is Ralph Williams. Nurse: Let me check,...yes, Mr. Williams. ______.You may go in now.