单选题下列关于胃食管反流病胸痛的叙述，错误的是( )(2011年)

单选题患者女性，18岁，胸痛气短半月。胸部透视显示左侧胸腔积液平第4肋间。在B超定位下行胸穿，送胸水常规检查：Rivalta试验阳性，白细胞0.6×10 9 ／L，腺苷脱氨酶120U／L，最可能的诊断是

单选题下列哪种物质形成的渗透压对引起血管升压素释放无作用

单选题下列哪项关于心肺复苏的描述是恰当的

单选题系统性红斑狼疮病人合并肾功能不全时其饮食宜（ ）

单选题急进性肾小球肾炎并发尿毒症时最有效的治疗措施是

单选题患者男性，62岁，直肠癌切除标本，病理为低分化腺癌，浸及肠壁浅肌层，肠系膜淋巴结无转移。其分期为

单选题男，25岁，节律性间断上腹隐痛3年，加重2天。10小时前开始黑粪3次，量约1000ml左右，HR120次／分，Hb90g／L，首选下列哪种治疗

单选题选择性蛋白尿的特点为

单选题In one very long sentence, the introduction to the U. N. Charter expresses the ideals and the common aims of all the people whose governments joined together to form the U. N. "We, the people of the U. N. , determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war which twice in our lifetime has brought untold suffering to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations, large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, and for these ends, to practise tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of economic and social advancement of all peoples, have resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims." The name "United Nations" is accredited to U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the first group of representatives of member States met and signed a declaration of common intent on New Year's Day in 1942. Representatives of five powers worked together to draw up proposals, completed at Dumbarton Oaks in 1944. These proposals, modified after deliberation at the conference on International Organization in San Francisco which began in April 1945, were finally agreed on and signed as the U.N. Charter by 50 countries on 26 June 1945. Poland, not represented at the conference, signed the Charter later and was added to the list of original members. It was not until that autumn, however, after the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the U. S. S. R. U. , the U.K. and the U. S. and by a majority of the other participants that the U. N. officially came into existence. The date was 24 October, now universally celebrated as United Nations Day. The essential functions of the U. N. are to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations, to cooperate internationally in solving international economic, social, cultural and human problems, promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and to be a centre for co-ordinating the actions of nations on attaining these common ends. No country takes precedence over another in the U. N. Each member's rights and obligations are the same. All must contribute to the peaceful settlement of international dispute, and members have pledged to refrain from the threat or use of force against other states.

单选题A deal is a deal—except, apparently, when Entergy is involved. The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the state's strict nuclear regulations. Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not challenge the constitutionality of Vermont's rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running. It's a stunning move. The conflict has been surfacing since 2002, when the corporation bought Vermont's only nuclear power plant, an aging reactor in Vernon. As a condition of receiving state approval for the sale, the company agreed to seek permission from state regulators to operate past 2012. In 2006, the state went a step further, requiring that any extension of the plant's license be subject to Vermont legislature's approval. Then, too, the company went along. Either Entergy never really intended to live by those commitments, or it simply didn't foresee what would happen next. A string of accidents, including the partial collapse of a cooling tower in 207 and the discovery of an underground pipe system leakage, raised serious questions about both Vermont Yankee's safety and Entergy's management—especially after the company made misleading statements about the pipe. Enraged by Entergy's behavior, the Vermont Senate voted 26 to 4 last year against allowing an extension. Now the company is suddenly claiming that the 2002 agreement is invalid because of the 2006 legislation, and that only the federal government has regulatory power over nuclear issues. The legal issues in the case are obscure: whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power, legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend. Certainly, there are valid concerns about the patchwork regulations that could result if every state sets its own rules. But had Entergy kept its word, that debate would be beside the point. The company seems to have concluded that its reputation in Vermont is already so damaged that it has noting left to lose by going to war with the state. But there should be consequences. Permission to run a nuclear plant is a public trust. Entergy runs 11 other reactors in the United States, including Pilgrim Nuclear station in Plymouth. Pledging to run Pilgrim safely, the company has applied for federal permission to keep it open for another 20 years. But as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) reviews the company's application, it should keep in mind what promises from Entergy are worth.

单选题女，25岁，昨晚吃剩饭一碗，当夜发生上腹痛，持续恶心、呕吐。体温36.5E，上腹部压痛，肠鸣音活跃。白细胞总数、分类及粪常规正常，首先考虑

单选题糖尿病治疗过程中，下列哪些注意事项是对的

单选题患者血气分析结果为：pH7.16，PaO27.5kPa(56mmHg)，PaCO212kPa(90mmHg)，BE-18mmol/L(-18mEq/L)，应采用哪种药物A．3.64%THAMB．5%NaHCO3C．11.22%乳酸钠D．醋唑酰胺E．2.5%NaHCO3

单选题中性粒细胞渗出过少的大叶性肺炎易发生的并发症是( )(2009年)

单选题目前认为，可以肯定改善COPD、慢性肺心病患者长期预后的治疗措施是

单选题催产素的主要合成部位是

单选题女性，26岁，已婚。因消瘦、乏力、食欲亢进、心慌4月余就诊。近2年应用口服避孕药避孕。

单选题男性患者，31岁，因发热，头痛，呕吐1周，确诊为结核性脑膜炎，其治疗除降颅压外，抗结核治疗应选择的药物依次为

单选题下述哪项不是引起咯血的常见疾病