单选题{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}} A particular area in which assumptions and values differ between cultures is that of friendship. Friendships among Americans tend to be shorter and less intense than those among people from many other cultures. At least many observers from abroad have this impression. Because Americans are taught to be self-reliant, because they live in a very mobile society, and for many other reasons as well, they tend to avoid deep involvement with other people. Furthermore, Americans tend to "compartmentalize" their friendships, having their "friends at work", "friends at school", a "tennis friend", and so on. Americans often seem very friendly, even when you first meet them. This friendliness does not usually mean that the American is looking for a deeper relationship. The result of these attitudes and behaviors is sometimes viewed by foreigner as an "inability to be friends". Other times it is seen as a normal way to retain personal happiness in a mobile, ever-changing society. People normally have in their minds stereotypes about people who are different from themselves. Stereotypes are based on limited and incomplete experience and information, but they shape people's thoughts and expectations. Americans have many stereotypes about foreign students in general (for example, that they are very hard working, intelligent, and rich; that they do not speak English well) and about particular categories of foreign students (Chinese are polite and good at mathematics, for example, or Italians are emotional). And foreign students have their own stereotypes of Americans, for example, that they are arrogant, rude, and generous. There are two stereotypes that often effect male-female relationships involving U.S. and foreign students. The first is the idea, held by some foreign males, that American females are invariably willing, if not anxious, to have sex. The second common stereotype, held by some American females, is that male foreign students have no interest in American females other than having sex with them. The existence of these and other stereotypes can give rise to considerable misunderstanding and can block the development of a mutually satisfactory relationship between particular individuals. Stereotypes seem unavoidable, given the way the human mind seeks to categorize and classify information, so it is not realistic to suppose people can "forget their stereotypes". But they can be aware of their stereotypes, and be ready to find exceptions to them.

单选题A: The bus is so crowded, jammed like sardines.B: ______

单选题It's not just your imagination. In cities from coast to coast, the use of Spanish is booming, and is proliferating in ways no other language has before in the U.S. history--other than English of course. It's this sort of environment that is a cause for concern for many. Mauro Mujica heads a group called "U. S. English," which lobbies for official English laws across the country. He's concerned that with so many Spanish speakers entering the country, the U.S. will become a nation split by language, much like Canada. "Now we're beginning to divide ourselves, to split along linguistic lines. We're beginning to see pockets of people who speak other languages and no English whatsoever. " His fear is hardly universal. Gregory Rodriguez is a fellow with the New America Foundation, a non-partisan think-tank based in Washington, D.C. He calls Mujica's arguments "ridiculous. " "This process of immigrant enclaves (少数民族聚集地) and linguistic enclaves is an age-old American process. We've all heard the quotes from Benjamin Franklin about his concerns that German- Americans would never assimilate. These concerns are as old as the American republic. " Rodriguez argues that the current boom in the use of Spanish is due ahnost entirely to new immigrants, and that their children will, at least for the most part, learn English. He points to 1990 census data, which indicates that by the third generation, two-thirds of all Hispanic children speak English exclusively. Whether that number is going up or down will be difficult to determine since the Census Bureau didn't track that information in its most recent census. But there may be at least one piece of anecdotal evidence. Spanish-language movie theaters once flourished in the Los Angeles area. There were dozens of these theaters just fifteen years ago. Today there are only seven. "There is a myth that somehow immigrants come to the most powerful nation in the world simply to resist its cultural embrace," says Rodriguez. "But it is a myth. " Immigrant enclaves are, of course, common throughout American History. German and Polish enclaves were common throughout the Midwest. The Italians flourished in New York. But those languages largely faded from use in the U.S. Few are predicting that will happen with Spanish. It's here to stay, although we won't know its ultimate impact for generations.

单选题Responding to voters' concern over crime, Congress passed a $30.2 billion anticrime bill, and ______ $6.9 billion for programs aimed at crime prevention.

单选题(As you know that) you must (check in) at least 30 minutes (before takeoff) for (most flights).

单选题Man: That's the most boring seminar I've been to in a long time. Woman: Well, it wasn't the regular speaker. She got sick at the last minute. Man: I'm surprised they didn't have a better substitute. Question: What does the man mean?

单选题Children (who) form a positive self-concept are more assertive, optimistic, (confidence), and sociable (than those) who (do not).

单选题Man: Our team failed despite their utmost effort. Woman: We lost the game, but it may be a blessing in disguise. We know what our problem is. Question: What does the woman mean?

单选题Many elephants were known to have Uperished/U of their wounds when there were no nature reserves.

单选题Sometimes the messages are conveyed through {{U}}deliberate{{/U}} 'conscious gestures', other times, our bodies talk without our even knowing it.

单选题Personality in Americans is further complicated by {{U}}successive{{/U}} waves of immigration from various countries.

单选题This passage is mainly about ______.

单选题My oldest son had just finished an ______ holiday stay prior to moving to a new state, a new job, and the next chapter in his life.

单选题Woman: John, did you play any music instrument when you were young?Man: You bet I did. I was the chairman of the guitar club in high school.Question: What does the man mean?

单选题A: Thank you so much for the wonderful dinner. Tom and I really enjoyed it. B：______

单选题A: You seem to have a lot of work to do in your office. You've always been working overtime.B: ______

单选题It's a classic mystery of the deep. Why does the hammerhead shark (双髻鲨)have the bizarrely shaped head from which it gets its name? There have been a variety of suggested explanations. Some simply say that the sharks use their heads to "hammer" and pin down their favourite food. More plausibly, others have speculated that the wide lobes(圆形突出部分)of the hammerhead allow it to have longer electrorecep-tots, the organs that all sharks use to detect the electric fields produced by nearby prey. This might allow hammerheads to sense subtler electric fields from more distant prey than their narrow-headed cousins. Now it turns out that the shark's head does indeed help it find and capture prey, but not in the way that zoologists expected. Stephen Kajlura and Kim Holland of the University of Hawaii at Manoa set out to test the conventional theory by tricking young sharks into chasing phantom (虚构的)prey. Using a system of wires on the bottom of a shallow pool, they set up electric fields that mimicked those created by the bottom-dwelling shrimp and fish that form the sharks' usual diet. Sure enough, hungry sharks abruptly turned towards an electric field when they detected it. But when the researchers measured the distance at which this happened they found it was the same for 13 young hammerheads as it was for 12 young sandbar sharks(沙堤鲨),which have normal-shaped heads. The two types of sharks proved equally adept at sensing the electric fields: each was able to detect the source from up to 30 centimetres away. That ruled out any improved sensitivity from the wider head. However, the hammerheads enjoy another more prosaic(平淡无奇的)advantage: their wider heads let them sweep more than twice as wide a swathe of the seafloor as they swim, which must boost their chance of encountering food. The researchers also found that hammerheads could turn more sharply when they detected the phantom prey. "They're a much more bendy shark , "says Kajlura, who is now at the University of California at Irvine. In part, that's because they have more slender bodies than the sandbar sharks. However, Kajiura has other unpublished data that suggests that the hammerheads' broad heads can act as fins to improve manoeuvrability(机动性). So far, the researchers have only experimented with young sharks, so adult hammerheads may gain some other advantage from their head shape.

单选题It is perhaps not an exaggeration (to say) that we shall soon (be trusting) our health, wealth, and happiness to elements with (whom) very name the general public (are) unfamiliar.

单选题Genetically modified (GM) foodstuffs are here to stay. That's not to say that food produced by conventional agriculture will disappear, (61) simply that foodbuying patterns will polarize. It may even be that GM food will become the food of (62) because consumers come to appreciate the health benefits of reduced pesticide use. The reason GM food will not go away is that we need a three-fold increase in food production by the year 2050 to keep (63) with the world's (64) population growth to ten or eleven billion. It's not just a question of more mouths to feed either. (65) is often forgotten is that all these extra people will take up space,reducing the overall land (66) for agriculture. It may well be that in the long term it is the developing world (67) benefits most from GM foods. It's true that for the next ten years or so GM crops may be (68) expensive. But the lesson of personal computers is applicable here—once the technology has been developed for money spinning crops, (69) maize, soy beans and cotton,it will become (70) for all. This doesn't mean, unfortunately, that families will (71) , but severity and duration will be helped by an (72) ability to produce and distribute food. (73) we move into this new era of agriculture we're embarking on a journey the world has seen many number of times with experiments before. We have been refining species of wheat for several thousand years. Genetic engineers like me are not doing anything as (74) as making a cabbage into a cauliflower (75) has been done by plant breeders in the past. We're simply tapping into the whole gene pool, rather than concentrating on one species at a time.

单选题The first fiction (writer) in the United States to (achieve) international (fame) was Washington Irving, who wrote many stories, (included) "Rip Van Winkle' and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow'.A. writerB. achieveC. fameD. included