单选题 Most American magazines and newspapers reserve 60 percent of their pages for ads. The New York Times Sunday edition {{U}}(1) {{/U}} may contain 350 pages of advertisements. Some radio stations devote 40 minutes of every hour to {{U}}(2) {{/U}}. Then there is television. According to one estimate, American youngsters sit {{U}}(3) {{/U}} three hours of television commercials each week. By the time they graduate from high school, they will have been {{U}}(4) {{/U}} 360,000 TV ads. Televisions advertise in airports, hospital waiting rooms, and schools. Major sporting {{U}}(5) {{/U}} are now major advertising events. Racing cars serve as high speed {{U}}(6) {{/U}} Some athletes receive most of their money from advertisers. One {{U}}(7) {{/U}} basketball player earned $ 3.9 million by playing ball. Advertisers paid him nine times that much to {{U}}(8) {{/U}} their products. There is no escape. Commercial ads are displayed on wails, buses, and trucks. They decorate the inside of taxis and subways—even the doors of public toilets. {{U}}(9) {{/U}} messages call to us in supermarkets, stores, elevators—and {{U}}(10) {{/U}} we. are on hold on the telephone. In some countries so much advertising comes through the mail that many recipients proceed directly from the mailbox to the nearest wastebasket to {{U}}(11) {{/U}} the junk mail. {{U}} (12) {{/U}} Insider's Report, published by McCann-Erickson, a global advertising agency, the estimated {{U}}(13) {{/U}} of money spent on advertising worldwide in 1990 was $275.5 billion. Since then, the figures have {{U}}(14) {{/U}} to $ 411.6 billion for 1997 and a projected $434.4 billion for 1998. Big money ! What is the effect of all of this? One analyst {{U}}(15) {{/U}} it this way: "Advertising is one of the most powerful socializing forces in the culture. Ads sell more than products. They sell images, values, goals, concepts of who we are and who we should be. They shape our attitudes and our attitudes shape our behavior. "

单选题Honey guides, or indicator birds,{{U}}collaborate{{/U}} with honey badgers in seeking out bee colonies.

单选题Woman: I'd like really to go to the concert tonight, but I don't know if I can spare the time. Man: Music always relaxes me. It might be worth it in the long run. Question: What does the man suggest the woman do?

单选题Relations with our neighbors aren't very ______ at the moment.

单选题Only sharp ______ can enable man to be just right and good in his conduct, and can produce such a sharp sense in the highest degree.

单选题A considerable amount of time and money has been invested in______this system.

单选题Most of the local people involved in the affair have been______and dismissed.

单选题{{U}}By all means{{/U}},call me whenever you have a problem.

单选题Anthropology is a science dealing with man and his origins. I redefine anthropology here as "being interested, without judgment, in the way other people choose to live and behave," in order to turn it into a strategy which is geared toward developing your compassion as well as a way of becoming more patient. When someone acts in a way that seems strange to you, rather than reacting in your usual way, such as, "I can't believe they would do that." Instead, say something to yourself like "I see, that must be the way she sees things in her world. Very interesting." In order for this strategy to help you, you have to be genuine. There's a line between being "interested" and being arrogant, as if secretly you believe that your way is better. Recently I was at a local shopping mall with my six-year old daughter. A group of punks walked by with orange spiked(成锥形的) hair and tattoos(文身) covering much of their bodies. My daughter immediately asked me, "Daddy, why are they dressed up like that? Are they in costumes?" Years ago I would have felt very judgmental and frustrated about these young people—as if their way was wrong and my more conservative way was right. I would have blurted out some judgmental explanations to my daughter and passed along to her my judgmental views. Pretending to be an anthropologist, however, has changed my perspective a great deal; it's made me softer. I said to my daughter, "I'm not really sure, but it's interesting how different we all are, isn't it?" She said, "Yeah, but I like my own hair." Rather than focusing on the behavior and continuing to give it energy, we both dropped it and continued to enjoy our time together. When you are interested in other perspectives, it doesn't imply, even slightly, that you're advocating it. I certainly wouldn't choose a punk rock lifestyle or suggest it to anyone else. At the same time, however, it's really not my place to judge it either. One of the basic rules of joyful living is that judging others takes a great deal of energy and, without exception, pulls you away from where you want to be.

单选题We"ve all heard how important it is to set and track goals. It"s now common to hear people refer to their "bucket lists". But after setting all those goals, we"re often faced with a hard truth: we will not have enough money to reach all our goals. A few weeks ago, I spoke with someone about her bucket list. With tears in her eyes, she told me she finally realized that she might not ever have the money to do some of the things on her list. Yet this same person appeared to live a life that many would consider a dream. She participated in her community and enjoyed meaningful work. Life wasn"t bad in any measurable way. The question is what do we do about it? Can we avoid it? I suggest something radical. I believe it"s time we let go of outcome-based goal setting and instead focus on the process of living the lives we want right now. Letting go of outcome-based goals can bring us freedom. Comment 1: This is a very important article that comes to me at a time in life when these lessons really resonate (共鸣). Comment 2: Goals can be a great method of changing habits, but every list needs to be maintained, and that can mean weeding out even the most laudable (值得赞赏) of goals if it isn"t really in line with the life of the person. Comment 3: The problem with long-term goals is that we often just set them, but don"t spend the time and effort to find out the right path to reach them. Comment 4: I think the most disturbing thing is measuring ourselves against each other"s statuses, material possessions etc. This makes you eventually feel underappreciated even though you are not. And then it makes you want things. And when you get it, you start to measure yourself against the bigger car your neighbor has got. And then... Comment 5: Keep your goals top-of-mind by making them visible. I am a big fan of the sticker-chart—yes, the same thing your mom might have used when you were a kid for potty training and chores. I love seeing my stickers add up. Added bonus, I keep mine on the fridge so I am reminded of my goals every time I reach for a meal or snack. Comment 6: We"re competitive. We like to compare ourselves to other people. We love to race to see if we"re good enough to win. We"re all striving for happiness. But we don"t have units of happy we can measure. I think in some instances we"ve substituted measuring money for happiness even though few people have set the explicit goal of having more money than the next person. Comment 7: Another way to enjoy is to rent rather than buy. Yet another strategy is to buy something, enjoy it for a while, then sell it. Even real estate. Turn it over every so often if that fits your plan. There are solutions if you really want something, most of which involve giving something up in exchange for something else. Too many goals may just be cluttering up your life anyway.

单选题The poor quality of the film mined the______perfect product.

单选题The original canal was twice {{U}}broadened{{/U}} for the larger modern boats.

单选题Woman: If I had a lot of money for travel, I'd want to get away in style.Man: What does that mean?Woman: I'd fly first class, have a rental car arranged for me, and live in a four-star hotel.Question: How would the woman travel if she had a lot of money?

单选题There was a noisy______at the back of the hall when the speaker began his address.

单选题A long journey in cold weather is dreadfully tiring.

单选题Woman: I can hardly go on. The work is so tough.Man: Don't lose heart, I'll back you up all the time.Question: What does the man mean?

单选题{{B}}Passage Five{{/B}} According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, in such friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment. Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of "natural leaders". It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group. Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done". Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group's member. Expressive leader are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Group members expect expressive leaders to maintain stable relationships within the group and provide support to individual members. Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group's goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a distant respect.

单选题It is becoming (far less) common than it (was used) to be for children to (follow in) their (fathers' footsteps).