Herman's success is due to his hard work and his ability to formulate plans which will get work done efficiently.

All the staff members of the department made zealous efforts to clean up the hall for the Christmas party.

It's never a question of whether you enjoy your job and your life, but only how much you can endure. With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japan's 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two generation households. Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work) and crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell. In the past decade, the Japanese divorce rate, while still well below that of the United States, has increased by more than 50 percent, and suicides have increased by nearly one-quarter.

{{B}}ClozeDirections: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.{{/B}}

{{B}}Paper TwoTranslation{{/B}}

On 9 December, James Joyce experienced one of those coincidences which affected him ________at the time and which later became material for his books.

Childhood exposure to a group of chemicals, which are used widely in a variety of products, including water-resistant clothing and microwave popcorn, could reduce the effectiveness of common vaccines, a new study has found. Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston looked at over 580 children and found that those who had higher concentrations of these perfluorinated(全氟化的)compounds(PFCs)in their blood had lower immune responses to diphtheria(白喉)and tetanus(破伤风)vaccinations. An insufficient immune response to a vaccine can mean a child is actually vulnerable to catching a disease even though they have been vaccinated against it, the researchers said. " When we take our kids to the doctor's office to get their shots, we expect that the vaccines are going to work. What we found was that there was an increasing risk that they didn't work if the kids had been exposed to the PFCs," study author Philippe Grand-jean was quoted as saying by Live Science.

【T9】

In this part，you are to write an essay of about 150 words on the topic “On Unrestrained Consumption”．You should base your essay on the following outline： 1．人们在节假日无节制消费 2．大量消费对个人和社会的影响 3．我的看法……

A Thirteen hundred medical professionals, B all of which have been trained to treat drug dependency, C attended the annual convention D sponsored by a society.

{{B}}Paper TwoTranslation{{/B}}

{{B}}Section ADirections: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A,B and C,taken from the dialogue.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.{{/B}}

There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal combustion engine (内燃机) has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons (活塞) being driven. For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computer's impact on society. But that is not what is meant by computer literacy. For computer literacy is not a form of literacy (读写能力); it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art. Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making. Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more "user-friendly". Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase "learning to use a computer" mean? It sounds like "learning to drive a car", that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired, enable one to use a computer. In fact, "learning to use a computer" is much more like "learning to play a game", but learning the rules of one game may not help you play a second game, whose rules may not be the same. There is no such a thing as teaching someone how to use a computer. One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.

Friction between America's military and its civilian overseers is nothing new. America's 220-year experiment in civilian control of the military is a recipe for friction. The nation's history has seen a series of shifts in decision-making power among the White House, the civilian secretaries and the uniformed elite (精英). However, what may seem on the outside an unstable and special system of power sharing has, without a doubt, been a key to two centuries of military success. In the infighting dated to the revolution, George Washington waged a continual struggle not just for money, but to control the actual battle plan. The framers of the Constitution sought to clarify things by making the president the "commander in chief." Not since Washington wore his uniform and led the troops across the Alleghenies to quell (镇压) the Whiskey Rebellion has a sitting president taken command in the field. Yet the absolute authority of the president ensures his direct command. The president was boss, and everyone in uniform knew it. In the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln dealt directly with his generals, and Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton handled administrative details. Lincoln, inexperienced in military matters, initially deferred (顺从) to his generals. But when their caution proved disastrous, he issued his General War Order No. 1—explicitly commanding a general advance of all Union forces. Some generals, George B. McClellan in particular, bridled at his hands-on direction. But in constitutional terms, Lincoln was in the right. His most important decision was to put Ulysses S. Grant in charge of the Union Army in 1864. Left to its own timetable, the military establishment would never have touched Grant. The relationship between the president and his general provides a textbook lesson in civilian control and power sharing. Grant was a general who would take the fight to the enemy, and not second-guess the president's political decisions. Unlike McClellan, for example, Grant cooperated wholeheartedly in recruiting black soldiers. For his part, Lincoln did not meddle in operations and did not visit the headquarters in the field unless invited. The balance set up by Grant and Lincoln stayed more or less in place through World War I. Not until World War II did the pendulum finally swing back toward the White House. Franklin Roosevelt, who had been assistant Navy secretary during World War I, was as well prepared to be commander in chief as any wartime president since George Washington.

【T9】

Many people invest in the stock market hoping to find the next Microsoft and Dell. However, I know from personal experience how difficult this really is. For more than a year, I was【C1】______ hundreds and sometimes thousands of dollars a day investing in the market. It seemed so easy, I dreamed of quitting my job at the end of the year, of buying a small apartment in Paris, of traveling around the world. But these dreams【C2】______ to a sudden and dramatic end when a stock I【C3】______ , Texas cellular phone wholesaler, fell by more than 75 percent【C4】______ a one-year period. On the【C5】______ day, it plunged by more than $ 15 a share. There was a rumor the company was exaggerating sales figures. That was when I learned how quickly Wall Street【C6】______ companies that misrepresent the【C7】______ . In a【C8】______ , I sold all my stock in the company, paying【C9】______ margin debt with cash advances from my credit card. Because I owned so many shares, I【C10】______ a small fortune, half of it from money I borrowed from the brokerage company. One month, I am a winner, the next, a loser. This one big loss was my first lesson in the market.

A major hindrance to the industry's immediate implementation of the partial oxidation method is cost.

Scientists believe that there is not enough oxygen in the Moon's atmosphere to ________ plant life.

{{B}}Section ADirections: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A,B and C,taken from the dialogue.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.{{/B}}

【T3】