Freedom of expression is not necessarily a ______ force: communities that encourage it often feel less threatened by social unrest than do those in which dissents ______.

Beginning in the 16th century

The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston______a sharp response from the North, which led to the American Civil War.

Analysts have had their go at humor

______ fired

Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences. Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society's understanding—the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation. Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. "All men are created equal." We've heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country's founders to denote equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children—the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children—disabled or not—to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs. In Para. 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that ______.

The doctor gave the patient a(n) ______ examination to discover the cause of his collapse.

Some people believe that "King John" was written by Shakespeare, but some people think it might be written by an______author.

Until men invented ways of staying underwater for more than a few minutes, the wonders of the world below the surface of the sea were almost unknown. The main problem, of course, lies in air. How could air be supplied to swimmers below the surface of the sea? Pictures made about 2, 900 years ago in Asia show men swimming under the surface with air bags tied to their bodies. A pipe from the bag carried air into the swimmer's mouth. But little progress was achieved in the invention of diving devices until about 1490, when the famous Italian painter, Leonardo da Vinci, designed a complete diving suit. In 1680, an Italian professor invented a large air bag with a glass window to be worn over the diver's head. To "clean" the air a breathing pipe went from the air bag, through another bag to remove moisture, and then again to the large air bag. The plan did not work, but it gave later inventors the idea of moving air around in diving devices. In 1819, a German, Augustus Siebe, developed a way of forcing air into the head-covering by a machine operated above the water. Finally, in 1837, he invented the "hard-hat suit" that was to be used for nearly a century. It had a metal covering for the head and an air pipe attached to a machine above the water. It also had small openings to remove unwanted air. But there were two dangers to the diver inside the "hard-hat suit". One was the sudden rise to the surface, caused by a too great supply of air. The other was the crushing of the body, caused by a sudden diving into deep water. The sudden rise to the surface could kill the diver; a sudden dive could force his body up into the helmet, which could also result in death. Gradually the "hard-hat suit" was improved so that the diver could be given a constant supply of air. The diver could then move around under the ocean without worrying about the air supply. During the 1940s diving underwater without a special suit became popular. Instead, divers used a breathing device and a small covering made of rubber and glass over parts of the face. To improve the swimmer's speed another new invention was used: a piece of rubber shaped like a giant foot, which was attached to each of the diver's own feet. The manufacture of rubber breathing pipes made it possible for divers to float on the surface of the water, observing the marine life underneath them. A special rubber suit enabled them to stay in cold water for long periods, collecting specimens of animal and vegetable life that had never been obtained in the past. The most important advance, however, was the invention of a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, which is called a "sucba". Invented by two Frenchmen, Jacques Cousteau and Emile Gagnan, the scuba consists Of a mouth-piece joined to one or two tanks of compressed air which are attached to the diver's back. The scuba makes it possible for a diver-scientist to work 200 feet underwater or even deeper for several hours. As a result, scientists can now move around freely at great depths, learning about the wonders of the sea. The main progress mentioned in this passage was ______.

At first the company refused to purchase the equipment, but this decision was ______ revised.

The doctors are very much worried about the ______ of the patient's condition after operation.

______ any one should think it strange

Directions: em>In this part

Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed and perhaps never before ______ so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.

All plants need light, a suitable climate

The longitudinal study demonstrates that students who receive ESL (English as a second language) instruction are far better than those taught primarily in their native language. A comparison of the three-year exit rates for students in ESL and bilingual programs shows that those who receive ESL instruction test out faster and in higher percentages than those who receive instruction in their native language, regardless of the grade in which they entered school. For example, 79.3 percent of the children who entered ESL programs in kindergarten tested out, while only 51.5 percent of those who received their education in their native languages did. Likewise, 72.9 percent of the LEP (limited English proficiency) students who entered programs in the first grade tested out. while only 38.5 of those in bilingual programs did. For students who entered LEP programs in the ninth grade, 91.6 percent of those in native-language instruction classes still hadn't tested out after three years, as compared with 78.1 percent of those in ESL classes. Furthermore, children who had been in ESL classes tested 4 higher in English and math once they exited LEP programs than those who had received native-language instruction. Of the LEP students who entered in kindergarten or the first grade, 49 percent of those who had been in ESL classes eventually read at grade level, while only 32 percent of those who had been in bilingual classes performed that well. In math, the statistics are even more impressive. Of the children who entered in kindergarten or the first grade, more than 69 percent of those who had been in ESL classes eventually performed at grade level or above, as opposed to 54 percent of those who had been in bilingual classes. Naturally, the study provoked a barrage of criticism from the highly political and vocal bilingual lobby, which prompted the New York City Board of Education to issue a paper in November 1994 mitigating the findings of the study and ignoring the distinction between students in ESL and bilingual education programs. Rather than exit rates, this paper focuses on the achievement of LEP students during the period in which they are in bilingual or ESL classes. The authors show that although the scores of LEP students were below average on the English-language test, their scores in all areas showed improvement; they point out that in math, there were insufficient data on the progress of LEP students to draw valid conclusions. However, a report on citywide mathematics test results in New York in the spring of 1995 deals more fully with the math scores of the 26,248 students who were examined the previous school year in Chinese, Spanish, or Haitian Creole. According to this document, only 16.6 percent of these children performing at or above grade level in mathematics. Although this represents an improvement of 1.1 percent over the scores of the previous year, it discredits the argument that native-language instruction keeps performing at grade level in subject areas. Although LEP students are improving faster than the national norm, they continue to perform far below the norm. This text is mainly ______.

Researchers have studied the poor as individuals

The Japanese desire for marriage had been very strong, in the fifth "world youth attitude survey" 1 by the Management and Coordination Agency in 1993, over 70 percent of the Japanese 2 chose the answers "One should get married" or "it's better to get married." Of the 11 countries surveyed, Japan was 3 only by the Philippines in the percentage of those advocating marriage 4 opposed to a single life. In recent years, however, there has been a spreading recognition among the Japanese public that something 5 is happening in people's attitudes toward marriage. When they began to have adequate food, clothing and shelter after years of postwar shortages and thus became able to 6 their attention to other matters, the Japanese for the first time 7 a renewed look at the question of marriage. In the 1990s, people began to ask "What on earth is marriage anyway?" and to talk about marriage itself. In Japan, the proportion of men still unmarried in their thirties reached about 20 percent in the national census taken in 1985, and the 8 apparently exceeded 30 percent in 1995. The proportion of unmarried women in the 25-29 age bracket has been increasing 9 about 5 percent every five years until it is now nearly 50 percent. What are the real reasons women choose not to marry? Early on, two were 10 : women were now better educated and more women were interested in working outside the home. Many women have become 11 independent, acquiring enough self-confidence to 12 a meaningful life outside of marriage. And 13 seems to be a wide gap in the way men and women view marriage. Women generally believe that, 14 women's roles in Japan's postwar society have become diversified, men have essentially remained unchanged. 15 such circumstances, communication between the sexes is, in fact, far from easy. Besides that, in the postwar Japan, individualism has begun to take 16 . The 50 years since the end of the war may be regarded as the process of a 17 society has matured to a point 18 it now tolerates a diversity of marriage styles which were unthinkable not very long ago. In the future, such tolerance is almost 19 to increase. But a headlong plunge toward unbridled individualism is also dangerous. The ideal 20 may be to achieve a complementary fusion of the collectivism of Japan's traditional community and the individualism of the new age.

When there are not enough volunteers for the armed forces, the government ______ additional men.

Concern with money, and then more money