Scientists generally hold that language has been so long in use that the length of time writing is known to cover is______in comparison.

The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ______ attitude toward customers.

Going out for a walk when it's pouring with rain is a______idea.

Very few people could understand the lecture the professor delivered because its subject was very ______.

Recently the car factory had to carry out personnel______because of financial trouble.

A well-constructed building must be properly ______.

Directions: em>Write an essay in no less than 250 words with the title "Public Transportation"

______ this, everything is order.

Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labour, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television licence would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 percent more. And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value. Advertising does more for the material benefit of the community than any other force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising seeks to persuade. If its message were confined merely to information—and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the colour of a shirt is subtly persuasive—advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television personality wants. By the first sentence of the passage the author means that ______.

In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force, there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both side who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence—as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other, what is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed and the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us. The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is undermined by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social program. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law. Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each other's problems. And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging information. "Talk, talk, talk," the advocates of violence say, "all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser." It's rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. "Possible, my lord," the barrister replied, "none the wiser, but surely far better informed." Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom; the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve. Which can best replace the word "acute" (Para. 1)?

A controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) fingerprinting in criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA, the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways, such as to determine paternity where it is not clear who the father of a particular child is. However, it is in the area of criminal investigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses. DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigations by giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt to prove guilt, not just establish innocence. When used in criminal investigations, a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect is compared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found at the scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evidence to convict a suspect. The controversy in 1998 stemmed from a report published in December 1991 by population geneticists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., and Daniel L. Hartl called into question the methods to calculate how likely it is that a match between two DNA fingerprints might occur by chance alone. In particular, they argued that the current method cannot properly determine the likelihood that two DNA samples will match because they came from the same individual rather than simply from two different individuals who are members of the same ethnic group. Lewontin and Hartl called for better surveys of DNA patterns methods. In response to their criticisms, population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University of Texas in Dallas and Kenneth K. Kidd of Yale University in New Haven, Conn., argued that enough data are already available to show that the methods currently being used are adequate. In January 1998, however, the Federal Bureau of Investigation and laboratories that conduct DNA tests announced that they would collect additional DNA samples from various ethnic groups in an attempt to resolve some of these questions. And, in April, a National Academy of Sciences called for strict standards and system of accreditation for DNA testing laboratories. Before DNA fingerprinting is used, suspects ______.

People of all countries are expected to______the principles of the United Nations and defend the peace in the world.

Directions: You are asked to write an essay on the following topic: Some experts believe that it

The global conflict which was labeled World War Ⅱ emerged from The Great Depression

A(n) ______ entrepreneur will seek success farther afield and will risk more in the research than his more timid competitors.

Put on dark glasses or the sun will ______ you and you won't be able to see.

During McDonald's early years French fries were made from scratch every day. Russet Burbank potatoes were【C1】______, cut into shoestrings, and fried in its kitchens.【C2】______the chain expanded nationwide, in the mid-1960s, it sought to cut labour costs, reduce the number of suppliers, and【C3】______that its fries tasted the same at every restaurant. McDonald's began【C4】______to frozen French fries in 1966—and few customers noticed the difference.【C5】______, the change had a profound effect on the nation's agriculture and diet. A familiar food had been transformed into a highly processed industrial【C6】______. McDonald's fries now come from huge manufacturing plants【C7】______can process two million pounds of potatoes a day. The expansion【C8】______McDonald's and the popularity of its low-cost, mass-produced fries changed the way Americans eat. The taste of McDonald's French fries played a crucial role in the chain's success—fries are much more profitable than hamburgers—and was【C9】______praised by customers, competitors, and even food critics. Their【C10】______taste does not stem from the kind of potatoes that McDonald's【C11】______, the technology that processes them, or the restaurant equipment that fries them: other chains use Russet Burbank, buy their French fries from the【C12】______large processing companies, and have similar【C13】______in their restaurant kitchens. The taste of a French fry is【C14】______determined by the cooking oil. For decades McDonald's cooked its French fries in a mixture of about 7 per cent cottonseed oil and 93 per cent beef fat. The mixture gave the fries their unique【C15】______."

Each one of them prayed that he might lead her home to be his wedded wife, so greatly were they ______ at the beauty of violet-crowned Cytherea.

The kitchen was small and______so that the disabled woman could reach everything without difficulty.

The airlines charge half-price for the students