单选题The rise of "temp" work has further magnified the decreasing rights and alienation of the worker. It is common corporate Practice to phase out full-time employees and hire temporary workers to take on more workload in less time. When facing a pressing deadline, a corporation may pay $15～$20 per hour for a temp worker, but the temp worker will only see $ 7 or $ 8 of that money. The rest goes to temp agency, which is usually a corporate chain, such as Kelly Services, that blatantly makes its profits off other people's labor. This increases profits of the corporations because they can increase a workload, get rid of the employee when they're finished, and not worry about paying benefits or unemployment for that employee. I have had to work with temps a few times in my current position, and the workers only want one thing--a full-time job with benefits. We really wanted to hire one temp I was working with, but we could not offer her a full-time job because it would have been a breach in our contract with the temp agency that employed her. To hire a temp full-time, we would have had to pay the agency over a thousand dollars. Through this practice and policy, the temp agency locks its temporary workers into a horrible new form of servitude from which the workers cannot break free. Furthermore, corporate powers push workers to take on bigger workloads, work longer hours, and accept less benefits by instilling a paranoia in their workforce. The capitalist bosses assume dishonesty, disloyalty, and laziness amongst workers, and they breed a sense of guilt and fear through their assumptions. Where guilt doesn't seep in, bitterness, anger, and depression take over, the highest priorities of Big Business are to increase profits and limit liabilities. Personal relations and human needs are last on their list of priorities. So what we see is a huge mass of people who are alienated, distempered, over- worked, mentally and physically iii and who spend the vast majority of their time and energy on their basic survival. They are denied a chance to really "love", because they are forced to make profits for the capitalists in power.

单选题{{B}}Text 4{{/B}} Every culture attempts to create a "universe of discourse" for its members, a way in which people can interpret their experience and convey it to one another. Without a common system of codifying sensations, life would be absurd and all efforts to share meanings doomed to failure. This universe of discourse—one of the most precious of all cultural legacies—is transmitted to each generation in part consciously and in part unconsciously. Parents and teachers give explicit instruction in it by praising or criticizing certain ways of dressing, of thinking, of gesturing, of responding to the acts of others. But the most significant aspects of any cultural code may be conveyed implicitly, not by rule or lesson but through modeling behavior. A child is surrounded by others who, through the mere consistency of their actions as males and females, mothers and fathers, salesclerks and policemen, display what is appropriate behavior. Thus the grammar of any culture is sent and received largely unconsciously, making one's own cultural assumptions and biases difficult to recognize. They seem so obviously right that they require no explanation. In The Open and Closed Mind, Milton Rokeach poses the problem of cultural understanding in its simplest form, but one that can readily demonstrate the complication of communication between cultures. It is called the "Denny Doodlebug Problem. "Readers are given all the rules that govern this culture: Denny is an animal that always faces North, and can move only by jumping; he can jump large distances or small distances, but can change direction only after jumping four times in any direction; he can jump North, South, East or West, but not diagonally. Upon concluding a jump his master places some food three feet directly West of him. Surveying the situation, Denny concludes he must jump four times to reach the food. No more or less. And he is right. All the reader has to do is to explain the circumstances that make his conclusion correct. The large majority of people who attempt this problem fail to solve it, despite the fact that they are given all the rules that control behavior in this culture. If there is difficulty in getting inside the simplistic world of Denny Doodlebug—where the cultural code has already been broken and handed to us—imagine the complexity of comprehending behavior in societies whose codes have not yet been deciphered, and where even those who obey these codes are only vaguely aware and can rarely describe the underlying sources of their own actions.

单选题That park contains ______ reproductions of such famous sights in China as the Great Wall and the Summer Palace.

单选题{{B}}Passage Three{{/B}} As Dr Samuel Johnson said in a different era about ladies preaching, the surprising thing about computers is not that they think less well than a man, but that they think at all. The early electronic computer did not have much going for it except a marvelous memory and some good math skills. But today the best models can be wired up to learn by experience, follow an argument, ask proper questions and write poetry and music. They can also carry on somewhat puzzling conversations. Computers imitate life. As computers get more complex, the imitation gets better. Finally, the line between the original and the copy becomes unclear. In another 15 years or so, we will see the computer as a new form of life. The opinion seems ridiculous because, for one thing, computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures. But drives can be programmed into the computer's brain just as nature programmed them into our human brains as a part of the equipment for survival. Computers match people in some roles, and when fast decisions are needed in a crisis, they often surpass them. Having evolved when the pace of life was slower, the human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from absorbing several streams of information simultaneously and acting on them quickly. Throw too many things at the brain at one time and it freezes up. We are still in control, but the capabilities are increasing at a fantastic rate, while raw human intelligence is changing slowly, if at all. Computer power has increased ten times every eight years since 1946. In the 1990s, when the sixth generation appears, the reasoning power of an intelligence built out of silicon will begin to match that of the human brain. That does not mean the evolution of intelligence has ended on the earth. Judging by the past, we can expect that a new species out of man, surpassing his achievements as he has surpassed those of his predecessor. Only a carbon chemistry would assume that the new species must be man's flesh-and-blood descendants. The new kind of intelligent life is more likely to be made of silicon.

单选题As the clouds drifted away an even higher peak became ______ to the climbers.

单选题Her father flew into a ______ when he learned that she wanted to get married before she graduated from the university.

单选题Though Americans do not currently ______ abortions directly, costs are carried by other Americans through higher insurance premiums.

单选题 The first thing to notice is that the media we're all familiar with--from books to television--are one-way propositions: they push their content at us. The Web is two-way, push and pull. In finer point, it combines the one-way reach of broadcast with the two-way reciprocity (互惠) of a mid-cast. Indeed, its user can at once be a receiver and sender of broadcast, a confusing property, but mind-stretching! A second aspect of the Web is that it is the first medium that honors the notion of multiple intelligences. This past century's concept of literacy grew out of our intense belief in text, a focus enhanced by the power of one particular technology--the typewriter. It became a great tool for writers but a terrible one for other creative activities such as sketching, painting, notating music, or even mathematics. The typewriter prized one particular kind of intelligence, but with the Web, we suddenly have a medium that honors multiple forms of intelligence-- abstract, textual, visual, musical, social, and kinesthetic. As educators, we now have a chance to construct a medium that enables all young people to become engaged in their ideal way of learning. The Web affords the match we need between a medium and how a particular person learns. A third and unusual aspect of the Web is that it leverages (起杠杆作用) the small efforts of the many with the large efforts of the few. For example, researchers in the Maricopa County Community College system in Phoenix have found a way to link a set of senior citizens with pupils in the Longview Elementary School, as helper-mentors (顾问). It's wonderful to see- kids listen to these grandparents better than they do to their own parents, the mentoring really helps their teachers, and the seniors create a sense of meaning for themselves. Thus, the small efforts of the man--the seniors--complement the large efforts of the few--the teachers. The same thing can be found in operation at Hewlett-Packard, where engineers use the Web to help kids with science or math problems. Both of these examples barely scratch the surface as we think about what's possible when we start interlacing resources with needs across a whole region.

单选题It is agreed that all nations should take measures against terrorism on the basis of the UN ______ and other international laws.

单选题May I ______ that you"ll sign the document?

单选题2 A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains: the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sport to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features (特 写) as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and out, glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many dif ferent readers, but far more than any one reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality (时事性), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient ( 短暂的) value. For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day's paper, his own selection and sequence, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but with out wasting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.

单选题The response to our financial appeal______anything we expected.

单选题Despite their spartan, isolated lifestyle, there are no stories of women being raped or wanton violence against civilians in the region.

单选题The {{U}}rigor{{/U}} of the winter in Russia was often described by Mogol.

单选题Passage 3 Of all the elements in the advertising mix, creativity is the least quantifiable, yet it has potentially the greatest leverage on the media dollars spent. The best way to understand the importance of creativity in advertising is to understand what it does for the advertiser. Creativity first separates the individual advertisement from all the advertisements surrounding it. In the process of doing that, creativity achieves its real goal: to separate the brand in a positive and motivating way from all other brands in the product category. It may be possible to do something like this through sheer media weight, by simply outspending your competitors. But creativity is usually the least expensive way to make both ad and brand stand out in the crowd. This is not to say it is necessarily the best way. The best way to make a brand stand out is to put a significantly superior or unique product behind it. In the real world, however, competition and technology virtually force parity upon products in the same category-- close similarity in function, quality, price, and often appearance. Can you give a branded parity product distinction through unique advertising strategy? Sometimes still, that is a very limited opportunity. Brands of parity products all marketed to the same group of consumers most likely will have the same advertising strategy, because it is the only one that makes sense. Dishwashing liquids will need to communicate efficacy and mildness, fluoride toothpaste cavity-prevention and taste, sports cars performance and status and so on. When brands all have the same essential advertising strategies, what is it that makes one brand's advertising more salient and more effective? It is the creativity with which the strategy has been executed. When advertising works, it works because it makes something happen inside the consumer. An advertisement is, after all, no more than a set of stimuli intended to evoke a set of desired responses among a specific group of consumers. The effect of a "creative" advertisement is to generate a more intense positive response to the brand than a "noncreative" advertisement. Whether it achieves its ends through the use of words, images, sounds or music, whether it evokes laughter, fear, shock, or feelings of warmth and tenderness, the creative advertisement stands out in the consumer's mind and makes the brand stand out. How do creative people create? Nobody really knows, nobody really knows where ideas are bom, where an unforgettable bar of music comes from; why a felicitous phrase pops into someone's head, knows how some people can put words and pictures and sounds and ideas together in ways that can move millions of other people to think and feel and act. But we do know the most effective advertising (which I contend is the most creative) always has at least two or three elements and often has all three.

单选题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} There are 5 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} Albert Einstein once attributed the creativity of a famous scientist to the fact that he "never went to school, and therefore preserved the rare gift of thinking freely". There is undoubtedly truth in Einstein's observation. Many artists and geniuses seem to view their schooling as a disadvantage. But such a truth is not a criticism of schools. It is the function of schools to civilize, not to train explorers. The explorer is always a lonely individual whether his or her pioneering be in art, music, science, or technology. The creative explorer of unmapped lands shares with the genius what William James described as the "faculty of perceiving in an unhabitual way". Insofar as schools teach perceptual patterns they tend to destroy creativity and genius. But if schools could somewhat exist solely to cultivate genius, then society would break down. For the social order demands unity and widespread agreement, both traits are destructive to creativity. There will always be conflict between the demands of society and the impulses of creativity and genius.

单选题At first Jackie prayed, frozen in fear, but gradually his terror ______ curiosity.

单选题Thank you for applying for a position with our firm. We do not have any openings at this time, but we shall keep your application on ______ for two months.